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- Type:
- Article
- 摘抄:
- Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sustain the lifelong production of all mature blood and immune cells. HSCs possess extensive regenerative potential, but their self-renewal is limited. A long-standing question has been why replicative history negatively impacts HSC functions. We found that accrued divisions alter HSC production; generating low-output bone-marrow landscapes that are highly variable in lineage contribution and transcriptionally divergent within individual lineages. Division-driven HSC functional alterations arise from redirecting branched chain amino acid (BCAA) usage from catabolic towards anabolic activity, causing faster HSC cell cycle kinetics. Adding a BCAA transamination product overcomes the BCAA catabolic checkpoint and slows down the cell cycle, durably rescuing balanced lineage output of HSCs with accrued divisions. Hence, our study suggests the paradigm whereby replicative history causes metabolic and transcriptional drift, generating divergent HSC output. Division-dependent HSC functional drift can be restored by metabolite replacement, which has long-term therapeutic implications for HSC regenerative medicine.
- 作者:
- H. Leighton Grimes; Sydney Treichel; Madeline Frangiosa; Waseem Nasr; Marie-Dominique Filippi; Juying Xu; Nathan Salomonis; Baobao Song; Andrew Harley; Devyani Sharma; James Bartram; Angelo D’Alessandro, and Travis Nemkov
- 提交者:
- Marie-Dominique Filippi
- 上传日期:
- 06/26/2026
- 更改日期:
- 06/26/2026
- 证书:
- Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
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- Type:
- Document
- 摘抄:
- The computer metaphor of mind and brain states broadly that the brain is the control organ for the body. This implies that brain (including mind) and physical body are separable from each other and the physical and social environment. Given the dominance of computing technology in daily life, many brain researchers and subsequently also engineers are furthermore compelled to take brain-computer analogies not as metaphors but as literal descriptions of brain function. These two fundamental assumptions manifest as overwhelming challenges when pursuing synthetic rather than analytic approaches, i.e., when we attempt to computationally control artificial bodies such as robots, especially when co-located with humans. I will discuss the computational brain metaphor from the perspective of bodies for whom computational control is a reality – robots, and their creators – engineers. Rather than presenting new metaphors, I will use evidence from control engineering and human-robot interaction to argue for a shift of thought: if we can enrich how engineers approach robotic control, new robots could offer powerful momentum to shifting the scientific opinion towards embracing a less dualistic, more holistic view of the brain’s embedding in body and world.
- 作者:
- Lorenz, Tamara
- 提交者:
- Tamara Lorenz
- 上传日期:
- 06/15/2026
- 更改日期:
- 06/15/2026
- 创建:
- 2026
- 证书:
- Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
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- Type:
- Article
- 摘抄:
- Latent variables and causal inference are central to implementing empirical research and advancing substantive theory across the social sciences. Conventional latent variable frameworks such as structural equation modeling (SEM) are constrained by several simplifying assumptions (e.g., linearity, additivity, correct model specification). In this study, we relax key SEM assumptions by building data adaptive estimation methods for causal inference with latent variables. We developed a theory-driven Targeted After Generative (TAG) learning framework that integrates SEM-informed variational autoencoders (SEM VAEs) with targeted machine learning to estimate the average treatment effect. On the generative side, the SEM VAE encodes theory aligned neural networks that learn latent variable distributions through flexible joint modeling of measurement and structural parameters. On the targeted learning side, we construct an efficient influence function for the treatment effect with the SEM-VAE implied posterior distribution of the latent variables to estimate the average effect. Across simulations, the TAG learning approach outperforms alternative approaches and demonstrates low to no bias even in adverse conditions. TAG learning offers a theory-driven flexible approach with methodological promise for causally interpretable data-adaptive analysis with latent variables. More practically, the framework allows estimation of causal effects involving latent variables even in the presence of unknown functional relationships in the measurement and structural models (e.g., data adaptive effect estimation for nonlinear/nonadditive SEMs).
- 作者:
- Kelcey, Ben; Ataneka, Amota, and Habarurema, Jean-Baptiste
- 提交者:
- Ben Kelcey
- 上传日期:
- 06/02/2026
- 更改日期:
- 06/03/2026
- 创建:
- 05-20-26
- 证书:
- Attribution 4.0 International
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- Type:
- Article
- 摘抄:
- This archeometric study analyzed local clay deposits at the Ingels Family Farm, settled in the Early Nineteenth Century in Bourbon County Kentucky. The redware pottery made on site was bartered and sold in the region, and the clay deposits were also used to make the bricks that constructed the 1820 Ingels family residence, still extant as of May 2026. Numerous materials characterization techniques including XRD, XRF, DTA/TGA, Spectroscopy, wet chemical analysis, and SEM were used to determine the characteristics of the local clay deposit and the identifying characteristics of the redware. The study also tested the wares to determine an approximate firing range, which was consistent with the requirements of low-to-mid fired earthenware. This study was done using archaeological materials from a previous archaeological investigation of the farm, but new material was added with the assistance the USDA Soil Survey Office in Kentucky, who drilled core samples for the project in Spring 2012.
- 作者:
- Carr-Trebelhorn, Julia; O'Malley, Nancy, Assistant Director, University of KY Museum of Anthropology, and Eitel, Richard, University of KY Department of Materials Science
- 提交者:
- Julia Carr-Trebelhorn
- 上传日期:
- 05/30/2026
- 更改日期:
- 05/30/2026
- 创建:
- 2013-05-01
- 证书:
- Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
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- Type:
- Student Work
- 摘抄:
- Raja Ravi Varma’s representation of apsaras is a cultural shift from the traditional Indian visual culture that focused on their bodies and promiscuity. Ravi Varma emphasizes the spiritual significance of apsaras in Hindu mythology and uses cultural symbolism to demonstrate their individual impact. Apsaras in Indian temple art are objectified and depicted as passive objects, which misrepresents their significance in Hindu mythology and spiritual enlightenment. The evolution of apsara representation is caused by cultural shifts and mythological research that centers women as independent subjects. Ravi Varma combines European and Indian art traditions to normalize the Indian culture of nudity and sensuality. He rejects the visual tradition of objectifying apsaras to emphasize their spiritual significance in Hindu stories.
- 作者:
- Bhalerao, Gargi
- 提交者:
- Gargi Bhalerao
- 上传日期:
- 05/21/2026
- 更改日期:
- 05/21/2026
- 创建:
- 2026-02-15
- 证书:
- CC0 1.0 Universal
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- Type:
- Article
- 摘抄:
- Modern industrial equipment are networked to interact with both internal and external systems, enabling automated decision-making with minimal or no human intervention. While this new environment creates efficiencies, it exposes the environment to cyber threats. This chapter explores the use of cybersecurity testbeds to study best practices in architecting and defending environments that contain industrial systems. Cybersecurity testbeds – physical, virtual, and hybrid – are used in different sectors for research and validation. Virtual testbeds hold promise as they enable design flexibility, reconfiguration, and scale to support various types of research studies. This chapter discusses the value of virtual cybersecurity testbeds and demonstrates a case study on the use of virtual testbeds using a simple industrial control system and a common attack. The concepts apply to more complex set ups and more complex attack structures. Virtual cybersecurity testbed can support researchers, practitioners, and educators interested in defending critical infrastructure environments and industrial systems.
- 作者:
- Mandalapu, Rohit
- 提交者:
- Rohit Mandalapu
- 上传日期:
- 05/19/2026
- 更改日期:
- 05/19/2026
- 证书:
- Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL)
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- Type:
- Document
- 摘抄:
- Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder commonly characterized by centrofacial erythema, papules, pustules, vascular instability, and ocular involvement. Although extensively studied in lighter skin tones, significant disparities remain in the diagnosis, detection, and treatment of rosacea in individuals with skin of color. This review examines current literature regarding rosacea in melanin-rich skin with emphasis on prevalence, biomarkers, pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, Demodex folliculorum involvement, and treatment approaches. Current diagnostic standards rely heavily on visible erythema and telangiectasia, which are often less apparent in darker skin tones, contributing to underdiagnosis and delayed treatment. Research also suggests differences in inflammatory biomarkers, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and vascular responses in skin of color. Treatment methods including topical therapies, lifestyle modifications, and laser-based thermal therapies are reviewed alongside their limitations and risks in melanated skin. Emerging diagnostic technologies, such as computer-aided imaging systems and biomarker-based approaches, demonstrate potential for improving diagnostic accuracy across diverse populations. Overall, this review highlights the need for more inclusive research, improved clinical education, and culturally competent diagnostic criteria to better address rosacea in underrepresented populations and reduce disparities in dermatologic care.
- 作者:
- Wilson, Shanice
- 提交者:
- Shanice Wilson
- 上传日期:
- 05/13/2026
- 更改日期:
- 05/13/2026
- 创建:
- 2024-07
- 证书:
- All rights reserved
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- Type:
- Image
- 摘抄:
- This poster disseminated a National Science Foundation-funded study that examined the challenges faced by research enterprise professionals in supporting social science research funding, with particular attention to Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and Primarily Undergraduate Institutions. (PUIs). Using focus groups and a national survey, participants identified barriers and promising solutions. Findings highlight the dedication of professionals in this field and the potential for innovative strategies to strengthen and expand social science research across institutions.
- 作者:
- Kennedy, Erica; DenBleyker, Emma, and Green-Schwartz, Clair
- 提交者:
- Clair Green-Schwartz
- 上传日期:
- 05/11/2026
- 更改日期:
- 05/11/2026
- 创建:
- 2026
- 证书:
- Public Domain Mark 1.0
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- Type:
- Document
- 摘抄:
- test submissions form
- 作者:
- Haitz, Lisa
- 提交者:
- Lisa Haitz
- 上传日期:
- 05/01/2026
- 更改日期:
- 05/01/2026
- 创建:
- 2026
- 证书:
- Public Domain Mark 1.0
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- Type:
- Dataset
- 摘抄:
- Methane and carbon monoxide concentrations and emissions from natural gas streetlights in Boston.
- 作者:
- Townsend-Small, Amy
- 提交者:
- Amy Townsend-Small
- 上传日期:
- 04/27/2026
- 更改日期:
- 04/27/2026
- 创建:
- 2026-04-27
- 证书:
- Public Domain Mark 1.0