The Durrës Regional Archaeological Project (DRAP) was a intensive surface survey field project centered around the modern town of Durrës, Albania.
This collection represents all of the raw data collected from the project, whether born analog or born digital.
Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sustain the lifelong production of all mature blood and immune cells. HSCs possess extensive regenerative potential, but their self-renewal is limited. A long-standing question has been why replicative history negatively impacts HSC functions. We found that accrued divisions alter HSC production; generating low-output bone-marrow landscapes that are highly variable in lineage contribution and transcriptionally divergent within individual lineages. Division-driven HSC functional alterations arise from redirecting branched chain amino acid (BCAA) usage from catabolic towards anabolic activity, causing faster HSC cell cycle kinetics. Adding a BCAA transamination product overcomes the BCAA catabolic checkpoint and slows down the cell cycle, durably rescuing balanced lineage output of HSCs with accrued divisions. Hence, our study suggests the paradigm whereby replicative history causes metabolic and transcriptional drift, generating divergent HSC output. Division-dependent HSC functional drift can be restored by metabolite replacement, which has long-term therapeutic implications for HSC regenerative medicine.
The computer metaphor of mind and brain states broadly that the brain is the control organ for the body. This implies that brain (including mind) and physical body are separable from each other and the physical and social environment. Given the dominance of computing technology in daily life, many brain researchers and subsequently also engineers are furthermore compelled to take brain-computer analogies not as metaphors but as literal descriptions of brain function. These two fundamental assumptions manifest as overwhelming challenges when pursuing synthetic rather than analytic approaches, i.e., when we attempt to computationally control artificial bodies such as robots, especially when co-located with humans. I will discuss the computational brain metaphor from the perspective of bodies for whom computational control is a reality – robots, and their creators – engineers. Rather than presenting new metaphors, I will use evidence from control engineering and human-robot interaction to argue for a shift of thought: if we can enrich how engineers approach robotic control, new robots could offer powerful momentum to shifting the scientific opinion towards embracing a less dualistic, more holistic view of the brain’s embedding in body and world.