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1. All4One: A Moderated Sketching Tool for Supporting Idea-Generation with Remote Users

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Despite the increased popularity of online tools for remote teamwork and meetings, moderated collaborative activities between multiple users in early conceptual design stages, such as brainstorming sessions, are yet not well supported. In this paper, we introduce All4One, a networked system that enables multiple remote users to participate in a moderated visual sketching session. Each participant can independently draw and share sketches using a tablet, and a moderator uses a set of tangible tools to arrange and manipulate sketches that are displayed in real-time on a whiteboard. We present our prototype in detail and the results from a workshop study simulating a brainstorming session with designers who tested the system in practice. Results show several usage patterns and the potential of All4One for use in early design stages, and the importance of the role of the moderator as the facilitator of the design process. The paper concludes by identifying weaknesses and strengths of the current system and possible directions for future work.
Creator/Author:: Je, Seungwoo ; Bianchi, Andrea, and Lee, Hyelip
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

2. Solution Generation Design Profiles: Reflection on "Reflection in Action"

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Solution-generation design behavior in general, and "reflection-in-action" in particular, can serve to differentiate designers, recognizing their personal reflecting when designing. In psychology, reflection is found a more robust tool to enhance task performance after feedback from a personal "device" that generates the process itself while interacting with visual representation. Differences among students' interior design processes appear in their solution-generation design behavior. A “think aloud” experiment identified solution-generation behavior profiles. Qualitative and quantitative methodologies showed how design characteristics unite, forming patterns of design behavior. A comprehensive picture of designers’ differences emerged. The research aimed:  to identify individual design students’ solution-generation profiles based on design characteristics.  to show how reflection-in-action appearing in the profiles can serve to predict how novice designers learn and act when solving a design problem.  to enhance the uniqueness of reflection-in-action for designers as distinct from reflection in other fields. Four distinct solution-generation profiles emerged, each showing a different type of reflective acts. Identifying reflection-in-action type can robustly predict how designers develop design solutions and help develop pedagogical concepts, strategies and tools.
Creator/Author:: Bar-Eli, Shoshi
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

3. Incorporating Co-Design Thinking to Understand Current and Future Experiences of Veterans in a University Environment

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The purpose of this research was to utilize co-design thinking to investigate and understand the experiences of veteran students entering into college at The Ohio State University (OSU) after military service, and to assist the university in improving those transition experiences. The research significance is that an increasing number of post 9/11 era veterans are utilizing the educational benefits earned through their service. Many of these service members have spent years inside a military culture, which has inadequately prepared them for a transition to the civilian and academic environments. It has been found that veteran students often self-segregate due to age differences, and their experiences gained through military service. Additionally, while OSU’s Office of Military and Veteran Services (OMVS) has been doing incredible things to help veteran students transition away from the military and into OSU, many of their practices tend to promote self-segregation rather than integration. Although it is not true across the entire population of veteran students, the research conducted showed that many sought opportunities for improved social integration programs. Opportunities lie in finding a balance between the culture that veteran students share, and integration into the civilian culture they are now part of. Additionally, veteran students could benefit from additional support in regards to academics and logistics when navigating through OSU. The study conducted was comprised of preliminary interviews with a director of the OMVS, an initial survey, four co-design sessions with volunteer veteran students, and an evaluative survey to gain deeper insight into the possible new service concepts generated during the co-design sessions. Based on the research results, proposed new services and improvements to existing ones were presented to OSU’s OMVS.
Creator/Author:: Morrow, Joshua B.
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 12/06/2017
Date Modified:: 01/16/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

4. Using Frame Analysis to Organize Designers’ Experience on the Cloud

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This paper demonstrates how Goffman’s frame analysis is applied in a research on designers’ experience with Cloud based digital tools. At the base of Goffman’s structure is the ‘primary frame’ - in this case designers’ experience with computer based digital tools. These tools’ transition to the Cloud initiated by businesses are called ‘fabrications’. Goffman’s ‘structural issues in fabrication’ such as ‘retransformations’ and the ‘nature of recontainment’ are also discussed through contemporary examples. These fabrications are used or ‘keyed’ by ‘active agents’ from various design fields. The data collected showed different levels of understanding of Cloud technology and the application of various tools in everyday design practices. Thus, the interviewees were clustered into three groups - designers, developers and artists. Their experiences form the creative, technology and experimental frame derived from keying of the primary frame. Design researchers can selectively borrow elements from frame analysis’ complex structure to build an effective user experience narrative.
Creator/Author:: Naskova, Julija
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 01/11/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

5. Animation as a Creative Tool: Insights into the Complex

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Case studies are discussed, from Northumbria University’s practice-led Centre for Design Research (CfDR) that demonstrate how visualising concepts and designs through digital animation can enable effective communication of ideas and interactions, which in turn enables creative leaps in thinking, understanding and decision-making. Animation is a tool that can unlock the comprehension into what is and what could be. This paper reflects on a number of collaborative projects between the CfDR and several scientific communities, demonstrating and focusing in particular on the process of visualisation, designing digital animations to communicate complex processes, ideas and interactions. An approach and understanding has been developed about how to effectively communicate potentially complex, scientific and technical concepts for the benefit of the client and the end user, in particular the lay audience whose knowledge of the subject may be limited or non-existing. Findings indicate that the process of constructing simple digital animated stories becomes a learning process for both designer and client. Critical discussions during collaborative meetings develop shared understandings: helping clients to think more creatively about communication (appreciating the benefits of manipulating a truth to position to waylay contextual confusion), and making implicit knowledge belonging to the client explicit to the designer. It is important to state that this negotiation is more effective when the designer is a layperson with respect to the complex implicit knowledge of the client. During these collaborative conditions the untangling of complex ideas have achieve the a-ha moments in the animations’ audiences.
Creator/Author:: Hewitt, Ian Balmain ; Hilton, Kevin H. , and Parkinson, David A.
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 01/09/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

6. Rewarding Risk: Exploring How to Encourage Learning that Comes from Taking Risks

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: High-stakes testing that became the norm after the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 helped condition students to strive for correct answers for clear problems, all on the first try. However, the iterative process inherent in designing requires risk-taking to conduct a trial-and-error process of defining problems and exploring possible solutions. This design research project was operated with Miami University Graphic Design students to test their willingness to take risks in their coursework to achieve their self-defined measures of success. Students identified that improving their skills was how they defined success. An interaction design assignment involving front-end coding was modified to test students’ comfort taking risks to grow their skills. Most students took risks in the assignment to grow their interaction design skills. The project revealed that closer attention to student motivation when developing learning experiences could help students make the transition to practicing design as an iterative process fraught with risk.
Creator/Author:: Cheatham, Dennis
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 12/06/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

7. Changing the Perceptions of Making

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Traditional Industrial Design sponsored studios (when a corporation partners with a student design studio) can quickly become design for hire studios which limit student learning outcomes as well as successful outcomes for the Sponsor. In assessing instruction practices in sponsored studios, traditionally success is limited to products moving directly into production. By reframing the studio into an incubator and in-line studio setting students could work in the same fashion as an in-house design studio, with mass diminutive ideation focusing on performance initially rather than aesthetics causing an increased standard for success. Because students would be concentrating on editing down a mass amount of variables with swift precision using raw but effective mockups, time would not be wasted on improving the craft of an initial, potentially ill- developed concept, leading to more risk projects with market disrupting potential rather than just an aesthetic or materials update going into production. In a multi-disciplinary studio setting students from Industrial Design, Apparel Merchandising and Design, and Kinesiology, partnered with a corporate sponsored studio instructed in the framework premised above. The outcomes were a success with the studio functioning beyond a studio for hire scenario to learning objectives being met as well as aspects of projects moving forward into to development and projects moving directly into production as well as applications for patents. This paper investigates how studio culture can be reframed to create a diverse range of success as well as what specific instruction techniques, making techniques, and studio culture lead to this success.
Creator/Author:: Barnhart, Betsy
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/14/2017
Date Modified:: 11/16/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

8. Psychological Effects of an Art Program with Feed Back Systems Reflecting Achievement Levels in Rehabilitation Exercises -Development of a VR Device Encouraging Squatting Movements -

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: We developed an art program that connects rehabilitation exercises with the creation of art. The quality and level of rehabilitation exercise achieved in the outcome of the resulting artwork is reflected as feedback to encourage patients to perform their rehabilitation exercises. The art program is called “Let’s stand up and draw art in the sky!” and utilizes a virtual reality (VR) head-mounted display device to create a landscape image in the device’s display area, through the movements of sitting down and standing up. To replicate the rehabilitation movement of standing then sitting on a chair, a squat exercise experiment was conducted with and without the art program, using university student subjects, and the results were compared between the two trials. When the subjects used the program they reported a significant increase in the "Level of Vitality" and the "Level of Pleasure", compared to when they performed the exercises without the art program.
Creator/Author:: YOSIHOKA, Kiyomi
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 01/16/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

9. Raising Crime Awareness through ‘Design Thinking’ within a High Street Retailer in the United Kingdom

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Since the 1800’s, England became an industrialised country and experienced extensive urban growth, so sales associates chose this location to establish large stores. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the aim was to create the stores to entice customers through space, impressive architecture, interior design and the elegant display of merchandise. At the same time, the display techniques were growing to promote sales. Therefore, more retail equipment manufactured and supplied for displaying products in the stores. This significant variation led the retail industry as that goods could be touched by the customers and they were not accessible only through retail assistant anymore (Whitaker, 2011). Since then due to this new differentiation, retailers have been experiencing a significant change in their customer’s behaviour. Now the retailers are trying to give a brilliant shopping experience to their customers with more reason to increase the sale (Ebster, Garaus 2011). However, there are some restrictions to this strategy that afford excellent opportunities for shoplifters and opportunist criminals. Store design can be a fantastic and efficient tool to increase sales. Also, it could significantly increase the chance of retail crime. This paper examines how to minimise criminal activity in retail environments to reduce loss prevention and retail shrinkage by raising awareness through design thinking. Therefore, interviews, observation and exploration were done based on the experience of employees and customers in ‘The High Street Retailer’. The research project outcome included as over, a creative retail crime learning package and a digital platform to raise awareness and improve communication.
Creator/Author:: Parivar, Meg and Hands, David
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 01/11/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

10. Taking aim at ‘wicked problems.’ A practical philosophy for educating designers in the making of wise decisions

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Today’s design pedagogies lack the characteristics for redressing the nature of the ‘wicked problems’ they attempt to solve, such as sustainability. We argue it is not fair for future generations to suffer the systemic effects of our unsustainable consumer culture, partly resulting from today’s design professionals’ decisions, which ensue because design is an amoral discipline lacking a systemic perspective. To rectify design’s characteristic failings, as part of a PhD study, we report a new pedagogical architecture founded as the synthesis of the practices of design and civics, forming the relationship design-as-civics (DaC): a practical philosophy. We position DaC as a reflexive, systemic radical political praxis for every citizen, possessing the explicit teleological goal to achieve the ‘good life’ for all. DaC takes a transdisciplinary approach. It integrates the discoveries of cognitive science and linguistics to expose how we construct our understanding of the world interpreting metaphors and frames, which we utilise to ‘aim’ DaC. Alongside shared social practice theory (SSP) and insights from developmental psychology that reveal the distinctly human capacity of “shared intentionality” engendering humankind’s willingness for cooperation and empathy for fairness. That living in a fairer society is desired by people from rival political perspectives, with egalitarian societies reporting lower environmental impact lifestyles and more willingness for transitioning towards sustainment. Thus, it is humankind’s cooperative behaviour and aligning values that provides the foundational rationale of DaC’s SSP goal to achieve the ‘good life’ through the ongoing critical examination of its ‘aim’ of resolving ‘fairness between citizens.’
Creator/Author:: Young, Robert and Emmerson, Paul
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

11. Paleoethnobotanical Remains from Newtown, Ohio: An Exploration of the Environmental Context of Plant Uses at the Newtown Fire Station Site

Type:: StudentWork
Description/Abstract:: This research is focused on botanical remains from the late Hopewell and Woodland time period, around the 5th century A.D. from Newtown, Ohio. Many burial graves as well as artifacts of domestic debris were recovered, including flint, pottery, bone, numerous fragments of hardwood charcoal, and some plant species thought to be domesticated. This research sought to identify all the plant remains excavated from the Newtown Fire Station archaeological site, uncovered during the construction of a porch addition to the firehouse. These remains were identified using an electron microscope and organized by taxa, weighed, and photographed. After the remains were examined for identification purposes, they were studied for environmental context. Among the remains found were several fruit, nut, crop, and hardwood species. These preserved and charred remains serve as botanical evidence for the reconstruction of survival strategies of the past Newtown inhabitants, as well as diets and other domestic plant uses.
Creator/Author:: Clontz, Katie
Submitter:: Katie Clontz
Date Uploaded:: 04/27/2017
Date Modified:: 07/20/2017
License:: All rights reserved

12. What the Font

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The ethical dimensions of basing a typeface on existing faces are unclear. Commentary about “clones” from critics and type designers alike are confused and contradictory. Few writers consider the issues systematically. Misunderstanding of copyright law and unreflective versions of moral rights claims dominate discussion. Open discussion of the models for a type design avoid claims of plagiarism and also affect the reception of the new typeface.
Creator/Author:: Swanson, Gunnar
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

13. Look Around You, Look Inside You: Exploring Heritage in the Design Classroom

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: How can students at a federally-designated Hispanic-serving institution understand and express culture and diversity through art and design? In order to address this inquiry and to exemplify a method that introduces students to critical thinking in the context of design, I am presenting a case study based on the primary results of a project implemented at an introductory graphic design class, which is part of a multidisciplinary arts program. In this project, students learn basics of design research and auto ethnography in a studio setting, in order to explore heritage and culture, their context of living, family history, and personal connections with their past, present, and future. Results from this discovery stage inform brainstorming, sketching, design, and production of a book that contains multiple visual explorations on “Heritage.” Some of the most memorable and productive conversations and interactions between students took place not only during the development of the project, but at the final project presentation, which exposed their capacity to develop greater tolerance and a more empathic view of the other, to be open to reanalyze their context and personal interactions, to better evaluate the design abilities of their peers as they respond to their own individual approach to the topic, and to develop a better and safer sense of place in the classroom.
Creator/Author:: Hernández, Maria Gabriela
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 01/12/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

14. Future Propositions for How People Use Technology: Designing Through Ethnographic Research Methods

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Carnegie Mellon University's School of Design partnered with Cognizant Technology Solutions on a design project for a semester-long elective course called UX Design Tools. The intent was broad in its inception: identify emergent opportunities where technology will play a significant role in people's interactions and experiences. What is the future of physical space? How are advancements in IoT, augmented reality, and telematics influencing how we experience environments? Students were asked to anchor their problem solving in evolving human needs and to understand the role technology plays. Cognizant's human-centered development approach relies primarily on ethnographic inquiry. This evidenced through integrating their anthropologists from acquired firm Idea Couture, and associates from strategic partner ReD Associates. The interdisciplinary majors from upper-level undergraduate to graduate level students learned to use and create multi- method research approaches to identify unique opportunities. Seven teams created future scenarios with newly developed physical product designs, digital interfaces, and new service strategies utilizing various technologies. Three case studies highlight a trio of observed emotional themes in relation to how people utilize technology to benefit their daily life or work: self- election, introduction-exchange, and co-dependency. This poster presentation will showcase three projects that will serve as examples of how industry and academia act as research and development entities; how to approach research as a fundamental tenet for innovation and design; and show how breadth and depth of interdisciplinary skills and experience is a necessity in an ever expanding climate of technology push.
Creator/Author:: Burton, Carly and Chung, Wayne
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 01/12/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

15. Collaborative design education with industry: Student perspective by reflection

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This study suggests that student reflection on academic and industry collaborative projects can enhance student’s understanding on the design process to solve live industry problems. It contributes to the body of design literature to support students learning of explicit and implicit knowledge (Boling et al., 2016; Land et al., 2016; Salama, 2015). A 2017 learning- by-making (LBM) unit in the School of Architecture and Design, at the University of Tasmania, Australia, developed a unit for students to collaborate with Neville Smith Forest Products Pty. Ltd. (NSFP). NSFP is a local Tasmanian timber product manufacturer who currently stockpiles out-of-grade timber that has limited market applications. Undergraduate design students from second and third year Furniture, Interior and Architecture degrees collaborated with NSFP to value-add to their out-of-grade resource in the LBM unit. A series of design challenges, observations of industry practice and access to out-of-grade timber from NSFP exposed students to live industry problems and provided them the opportunity to build professional design skills. Students reflected on the collaborative LBM unit in a reflection journal, which was used to provide evidence of their learning experiences. The collaborative environment between academia and industry allowed students to acquire an understanding of timber product manufacturing that helped them develop empathy towards the industry problem and influence the development of new products. This study presents how student reflections influenced a change in their design process as they progressed through sequential design challenges to address an industry problem by adopting Valkenburg and Dorst (1998) reflective learning framework.
Creator/Author:: Kotlarewski, Nathan; Lee, Michael ; Nolan, Gregory; Last, Megan , and Wallis, Louise
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/16/2017
Date Modified:: 05/23/2019
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

16. Breaking through Fuzzy Positioning: Diverse Design Communication Strategies for Older Adults’ Healthcare Wearables

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: In this study, based on the perception of older adults, fuzzy positioning of healthcare wearables and impacts of differentiated product positioning on human considerations and design communication strategies are studied. Empirical researches are performed by adopting both quantitative research (248 questionnaires for clustering and regression analysis) and qualitative research (15 cases for in- depth interview). The perceptions of older adults on product positioning are divided into three types: Tech-Aid, Fash-Acc, and Fash-Tech. Results indicate that the influential human considerations for each positioning were different from each other. Through coding and storyline analysis, diverse communication strategies are found for each positioning. The outcomes for each type are as follows. For Tech-Aid, wherein older adults lay emphasis on usefulness, ease of use, and privacy, the designers can adopt a calm communication strategy by giving priority to older adults’ control power, fitting symptoms, user-friendly, and cautious interconnection. For Fash-Acc, wherein older adults focus on personal image, aesthetic appearance, and ease of use, an active communication strategy for modeling a style for elderly fashion that agrees with aesthetic appreciation and simplified operation can be adopted. For Fash-Tech, wherein older adults require to integrate usefulness, ease of use, aesthetic appearance, comfort, privacy, and self-image, a persuasive communication strategy can be used, through which designers can offer older adults more data insights and entertainment, along with data association, and in the meantime, reduce data interferences and pay attention to style modality and appropriate display with context fusion and contact comfort.
Creator/Author:: Li, Chen and Lee, Chang – Franw
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

17. Storytelling Technique for Building Use-case Scenarios for Design Development

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Numerous studies have dealt with what kind of value narrative can have for creating a more effective design process. However, there is lack of consideration of storytelling techniques on a stage-by-stage level, where each stage of storytelling technique can draw attention to detailed content for creating use-case scenarios for design development. This research aims to identify the potential implications for design development by using storytelling techniques. For the empirical research, two types of workshops were conducted in order to select the most appropriate storytelling technique for building use-case scenarios, and to determine the relationship between the two methods. Afterwards, co-occurrence analysis was conducted to examine how each step of storytelling technique can help designers develop an enriched content of use-case scenario. Subsequently, the major findings of this research are further discussed, dealing with how each of the storytelling technique steps can help designers to incorporate important issues when building use-case scenarios for design development. These issues are: alternative and competitor’s solution which can aid designers to create better design features; status quo bias of user which can help the designer investigate the occurring reason of the issue; and finally, social/political values of user which have the potential of guiding designers to create strengthened user experience. The results of this research help designers and design researchers concentrate on crucial factors such as the alternative or competitor’s solution, the status quo bias of user, and social/political values of the user when dealing with issues of building use-case scenarios.
Creator/Author:: Jang, Sukwoo and Nam, Ki-young
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/20/2017
Date Modified:: 01/09/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

18. Challenges and Lessons: Embracing Design Thinking Practices for Website Innovation in South Korea

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This research aims to investigate how Korean digital agencies practice design thinking for their website innovation. Based on a literature review on the design- thinking-driven web development process, multiple case studies of award-winning website projects were undertook. Through analyses of these cases, the following challenges and lessons were disclosed: (1) challenges – building a long-term, playful partnership with clients, leveraging decision-making executives’ design thinking awareness, and coping with limited resources (design thinking practitioners, budgets, and schedules) and (2) lessons – cross-functional collaboration, agile mobile-first development process, powerful visual storytelling, and compelling UX strategies and UI guidelines. Moreover, distinct approaches of design thinking practices were identified according to two website types: a brand promotion website – killer branding content-driven approach, and a service channel website – better UI/UXdriven approach.
Creator/Author:: Kim, Yujin
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 11/21/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

19. Innovative Handle Design and Evaluation of Woks for Middle-Aged and Elderly People

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: With the enhancement of medical technology and human living standards, the world is showing a trajectory towards an aging society. The elders generally suffer from degeneration, which may cause problems in their daily lives. Aging has since become a major issue of scientific researches. Elders in Taiwan mostly live alone or with a partner. Because eating out is not a habit, cooking often plays an important role in their lives. Due to the degeneration happening to their bodies, the danger during cooking activities increases. Therefore, it is necessary for them to seek help from assistive devices. In this research, we will make assistive design models that help elders use woks. The designs are for the task we have chosen from our investigation. We will also evaluate the effect of the aids objectively using the EMG system, and collect the iEMG value for evaluation. The iEMG values were collected from four muscles (FDC, FCR, Biceps and Deltoids). Eight middle-aged participants who will become elders in the near future were invited to participate in the experiment. Four design solutions were chosen from seven working models. The design solutions were all helpful to the task, and the performances of the stove design solutions are significantly better than the original wok. The degrees of hand trembling while performing tasks were also measured, however the differences were not significant.
Creator/Author:: Lin, Yu-Chi ; Wu, Fong-Gong , and Sun, Hsiao-Han
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 12/06/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

20. Entrepreneurial universities meet their private partners: towards a better embedding of the outcomes of cross-sector collaborations.

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: In the past decades, universities’ involvement in socio-economic development, which goes along with their teaching and researching activities, has defined a new role for them in society’s ecosystem. This new role is often referred with the term of “entrepreneurial” university, whose objectives are positive societal, economic and environmental impacts. In order to fulfil such objectives, entrepreneurial universities might engage in cross-sector collaborations with external organisations. Despite the great contributions that cross-sector collaboration can give to the partners involved, the outcome is mostly unfocussed and rarely embedded. This paper explores the outcome embedding in the cross-sector collaboration between entrepreneurial universities and the private sector. To this end, we provide the case of the collaboration between a Dutch airline company and four Dutch entrepreneurial research and teaching institutions. We aim to uncover hindering and enabling factors to the outcome embedding in order to design an interaction platform, design it together. This platform will be a tool to encourage the outcome embedding, moving from being inspired by to the actual implementation of the cross-sector collaboration. In order to fulfill this goal, this study employs a research through design methodology. This approach is a generative process, where cyclic loops of iterations and evaluations with stakeholders tend to the research goal. The solution is a digital platform, co-created with all stakeholders. This study can inspire practitioners and future research on the problem of unsuccessful cross-sector collaborations, between entrepreneurial universities and external organisations, with more emphasis on the value of embedding and translating the outcomes.
Creator/Author:: De Lille, Christine; Baldini, Luca, and Calabretta, Giulia
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 01/09/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

21. Transportation Assistive Device for the Elderly Based on Service Design

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Commercial products specially designed for the elderly have assumption of user disability and focus on assistive tools design. However, recent studies show aged people gradually stay healthy condition because of modern advanced medical technology and service. There so- called “platinum society” that describes a group of aged people live in a community where they have to take care of themselves under healthy condition. To respond to above situation, this study applies service design model to explore daily life requirement of the elderly and proposes a new transportation assistive device design located aside the bus station. From empathy map analysis, point of view definition, requirement-and-function deployment, to service model construction, real daily life activity and movement of the elderly are collected and analyzed. A participative design approach is applied to involve senior citizen participation that is helpful to retrieve their intangible needs. In this proposed design, it includes an information interface and an exercise assistive device for the elderly to use during the waiting period when they stay at the bus station. It provides required information for transportation purpose as well as simple exercise movement that make it form an area of social connection. Instead of boring waiting time wasted at the station, it enhances interaction between the elderly through uncomplicated stretch movement and conversation. A scaled prototype is implemented to simulate and test the scenario and interview is executed to collect feedback from the elderly. Ongoing progress show a feasible application can be achieved by integrating with current environment.
Creator/Author:: Wu, Hsien-Jung ; Chien, Chia-Yu ; Chou, Yu-Ting , and Chu, De-Fang
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 01/22/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

22. Enhancing Creative Confidence through Sketchnoting, A Foundational Research Exploration

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Sketchnoting, if seen as a methodology, exhibits potential for systematic and methodical research. It provides a framework to communicate visually through simple shapes, breaking complex forms down into combinations of dots, lines, squares, triangles, and circles. Situated at the lower end of the visualization spectrum, which ranges from napkin style sketching to photo-realistic rendering, it has low barriers to putting pen on paper. In the context of an industrial design graduate course originally introduced as a gateway to traditional visualization in design, sketchnoting exhibited greater potential to not only lower the threshold of sketching, but in addition, to foster creative, and in some cases, even boost design confidence. These anecdotal observations revealed several overarching opportunities for a larger, cross-disciplinary research, which would begin with exploring the ability to foster creative confidence through lowering the inhibition threshold to drawing for designers and non-designers alike. Proceeding to explore the potential of sketchnoting (due to its dual coding nature) becoming an entry point to employing all modes of thought processing, deductive, inductive and abductive logic as they pertain to divergent and convergent thinking. Ideally setting up this framework to be investigated as a means to improve student engagement and general learning behaviors. The long-term and underlying goal is to change how people see and solve problems and to diversify stakeholders involved in the development processes. This paper discusses the underlying concept as well as the originally observations, closing with the above-mentioned series of research opportunities.
Creator/Author:: Paepcke-Hjeltness, Verena and Cyamani, Aziza
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 01/11/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

23. Interaction Design and Use innovation for Interactive products

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Product use innovation is a means to facilitate the design-driven innovation approach. We explore how the mode-of-use concept may apply to state-of-the-art product interactions to enhance user experience and provide opportunities for design-driven innovation within the interactive product space. To achieve this we apply taxonomy of interactions to classify interaction styles as along the two dimensions explanatory or exploratory and discrete or composite. Adopting the research-through- design approach two interactive mood lamps were developed and expressed as high-fidelity prototypes. These were then used as stimuli to evaluate the influence of interaction style on product experience. Results indicated the touch-free magic interaction style, an interaction providing explorative and composite modes of interaction, was initially considered more innovative in terms of use. However, participants also expressed negative emotions related to dissatisfaction and embarrassment towards the touch-free magic interaction due to an inability to intuitively understand the use functions. Implications for the application of use innovation within the interactive product context are finally discussed.
Creator/Author:: Self, James and Jeong, Geehyuck
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 12/06/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

24. Sparking potential ideas of ‘best-fit’ for design- work: a conceptual model for research

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: There is considerable interest within the design research domain in the possible cognitive functions and actions as ‘design thinking’ is used. This proposal commences with reference to Senge who suggests, “Truly creative people use the gap between vision and current reality to generate energy for change”. He drew from the musician Fritz, who proposed, “It’s not what the vision is but what the vision does,” (1990, p.153). The imagined ideal in a vision seems to act like a spike setting off self-urging creative intuitions and insights and instinctive reactions. A conceptual series of diagrams will develop these insights where an imagined ideal is to be set up as the vision as the anticipated experience of a ‘best-possible-self’ with success, where emergent ‘ideas-of-best-fit’ closely match the designer’s goals and desires. The triggering mental actions required are similar in form to De Bono’s technique based on ‘Six Colored Hats’ (1985). In this project, however, the practitioner adopts an overarching meaningful ideal for a ‘hat’ in the form of an experiential clear sense of success as motivating ideations emerge, such that these closely match their goals and desires as a ‘best-possible-fit’. The model is also potentially transformative as the visioning ideal could be framed such that any emergent effects of encoded formed bias or a self-limiting psychology could be effectively reduced or eliminated through the applied created differential as a ‘generative gap’ for the self. This paper will further suggest how this envisaged ideal of success could be experientially explored through co-creative action cycles of research in different design-thinking domains.
Creator/Author:: Easterley, Marieka
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 01/19/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

25. From Software Engineering to Information Design

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Most academic methodologies are developed from a prescribed methodological process that is limited to a specific area of study. However, the disciplinary landscape in which the knowledge is established is being rapidly reconfigured. Given the vast varieties of practices and knowledge base required from information designers, it is even more crucial for them to look outside of the traditional visual design fields and seek diversities for better research and creation methods. The two disciplines, software engineering and information design, are often perceived as one provides technical solutions to the other. This essay intends to move beyond the common perception, and identify relevant issues in software engineering design that resonate with the information design process. The issues include the multi-component planning approach; the human-oriented agile method; design concepts such as abstraction, decomposition, component modularity, hierarchical relationship, and extensibility. The perspectives from software engineering design and information design is examined through units of analysis, terminology explanations, and forms of communications. The collective design methods and principles provide a systematic framework to the methodological thinking in information design. The discussion serves the purpose of encouraging more conceptual-based conversations between information design and other disciplines, especially in the fields of science and technology.
Creator/Author:: Shen, Yvette
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/16/2017
Date Modified:: 01/09/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

26. Taxonomy of Interactions and the Design of the Airport Passenger Screening Process

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This paper presents a case study analysing the interactions of nine security officers during the mandatory passenger screening process at an Australian international Airport. Eye-tracking glasses were used to observe the visual, physical and verbal interactions of security officers while they performed the x-ray task. Stationary video recording devices were used to record physical and verbal interactions performed by security officers during the load, search and metal detector tasks. Six taxonomic groups were developed that define the different types of interactions performed by security officers during each task. Each taxonomic group is comprised of several discrete interactions specific to each of the tasks observed. Through analysing the composition of interactions and the relationships between interactions in different tasks, this paper highlights the prominence of interactions that security officers perform with passengers and their belongings. These interactions play an important role in the first and last stages of the passenger screening process, as well as influence the functioning of the overall passenger screening process. Due to this, they have substantial effect on passenger experience, throughput efficiency and security efficacy. In response to these findings, we draw from emerging security technologies and persuasive design principles to present potential design solutions for optimising the passenger screening process. These are presented in the context of a preliminary framework with which to inform the design of current and future passenger screening processes.
Creator/Author:: Mason, William ; Swann, Levi ; MacMahon, Benjamin , and Popovic, Vesna
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 01/09/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

27. Systematizing Public Signage Systems for Smooth Urban Pedestrian Movement

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: While it is common for landscaped and well-marked urban streets to have sufficient identification signs, which display place or street names, they often face issues regarding the provision of information (e.g., in sign placement) and inadequate orientation signs, which play an indispensable role in facilitating pedestrian movement. Insufficient signage can be partially addressed by supplementing signs with non-informational urban elements, such as streetlights or other urban features that provide different sorts of information. In order to result in smooth urban pedestrian movement, public signage systems require a balance between districts and streets and a system for presenting linked information. This study proposes that an urban element design system can be applied to the construction of public signage systems for pedestrians. There are several methods by which to accomplish this; each fulfills the needs of different districts and streets. For example, some strategies suggest ways to integrate information in areas with many urban elements, such as public signage, while others offer strategies for adding pedestrian signs and other elements alongside vehicular signs in areas with insufficient information. This article proposes a distribution graph of public signage as a concrete method for organizing the construction of public signage. Such a distribution graph is a way to visualize different distributions of sign type, and see clusters of street patterns. It is an effective way not only to planning new pedestrian signage systems, but also for revising plans with biased or insufficient signage distribution.
Creator/Author:: SOGABE, HARUKA and MORITA, YOSHITSUGU
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 11/28/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

28. "Fast" and "Slow" Fashions as seen through the Millennial Mindset

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The term “slow fashion” was coined by Kate Fletcher to counter the growing trend of the “fast fashion” industry. In recent years, the clothing industry has been dominated by fast fashion that has spurred overconsumption whereby people buy more than they need. This study aims to develop a critical-creative thinking framework based on the understandings and insights of how Millennials view apparel consumption. Lynda Grose and Kate Fletcher’s chapter “Transforming Fashion Product” from their book Fashion & Sustainability: Design for Change (2012) provided useful information regarding the fashion process, helping to reveal new patterns to frame how participants of this study view apparel consumption. This research investigated the way in which consumers viewed material, consumer care, and disposal of their clothing. In order to understand the Millennial mindset with regard to apparel consumption, responses were collected from over a hundred Millennials through an online survey (Phase One), where they discussed their reasons for placing themselves along a scale from slow to fast fashion. The findings uncovered a new group of consumers, the undecided+exploring, who identified with both slow and fast fashion. Valuable insights extracted from the survey informed the development of a research toolkit for a series of participatory workshops (Phase Two) with the goal to construct a conceptual model of Millennial apparel consumption. Further understanding of slow fashion, as seen through the Millennial mindset, will inspire and guide designers, manufacturers, and consumers to make more sustainable decision when developing, selling, and buying clothing items.
Creator/Author:: Hernández, Abel
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 01/23/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

29. Finding the Expectations of Smart Home and Designing the Meaningful Technology for Delivering Customers’ Satisfaction

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Smart home is becoming a focus in both literature and product development practices. The current study employed a human-centered design approach to understand users desires and expectations from their living context. Six critical themes were developed via in-deep interview, field observation, and data analysis. They are house as a supportive friend, atmosphere generator, theme songs for every moment, coordinator and reminder, life memory collector, and routine builder for young generations. Those concepts were partially integrated to define the value proposition for the target user group of parents with young children. This guides the design ideation and video prototyping to illustrator the user experiences. Through a focus group discussion, the design concepts were validated with six potential customers. The results also show that the design concept has the potential to motivate children’s behaviors, help to build their routine, and has the flexibility to fulfill different needs toward the changes of the family’s life cycle.
Creator/Author:: Chuang, Yaliang ; Chen, Yu-Shan Athena , and Chen, Lin-Lin
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 11/17/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

30. New Methods of Analyzing TRNA

Type:: StudentWork
Description/Abstract:: Poster presenting current research being done into TRNA. The poster shows initial step to isolate TRNA from the digestive enzyme. The long-term goal of analyzing how TRNA react to different stresses over time is mentioned.
Creator/Author:: Cherukuri, Vamsidhar
Submitter:: Vamsidhar Cherukuri
Date Uploaded:: 04/21/2017
Date Modified:: 05/13/2017
License:: All rights reserved

31. (Un)intended Value Implications of Graphical Representations of Data

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The design of meaningful graphical objects to represent collection items must balance the following: amount of useful information that can be communicated through the object’s graphical form, meaningful graphical difference between individual items or groups of items, and restraint in form complexity to allow for the simultaneous display of numerous collection items at a small size. How the user interprets difference and sameness and, more importantly, whether the user attaches hierarchical value to the emergent categories, may play a significant role in determining whether that user focusses attention on one set of data over another, on one set of processes over another, and ultimately, on one set of tasks over another. This paper examines the significant consequences for the understanding of the user resulting from representation of data, files, and other objects in a human-computer interface (HCI), and proposes that new approaches may be indicated, given the growing complexity of what is being represented and how what is represented can be used.
Creator/Author:: Radzikowska, Milena and Ruecker, Stan
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 01/09/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

32. Humanizing an Organization through Digital Experiences

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Student life at a large institution like University of California, Berkeley, is challenging in many ways. Along with the often extreme academic demands, students must discover and navigate numerous services while simultaneously integrating themselves into formal and informal campus communities. Historically, core student services were delivered in a piecemeal and disjointed way via a dozen or more websites. A large investment in a Student Information Systems (SIS) replacement project has since unified these service experiences through CalCentral, a Berkeley-developed service portal, and created with a significant focus on user experience design. While significant strides have been made to improve and simplify how services are delivered to students, the design team has been challenged to push their vision of the service ecosystem further, to “humanize the institution.” The vision goes through the SIS project and beyond, by first switching mindsets from service producers to service providers, and second by looking at how deeper relationships can be created digitally between students and the institution. The research, with students and different stakeholder groups, shows that beyond usability and learnability, there are greater opportunities through service design to contribute to students’ senses of agency, inclusion, connectedness and wellbeing. The design team is codifying new design principles and developing prototype experiences that look more closely at tone, behavior and contributing to a positive emotional state of mind. The service delivery through CalCentral is humanized and augmented in affirming ways, to use language that is accessible, and to guide students through complex paths.
Creator/Author:: Hollowgrass, Rachel ; Geuy, Bernadette , and Jylkäs, Titta
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 01/11/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

33. Participatory Design for Behaviour Change: An Integrative Approach to Healthcare Quality Improvement

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Behaviour insights have been extensively applied to public policy and service design. The potential for an expanded use of behaviour change to healthcare quality improvement has been underlined in the England’s National Health Service Five-Year Forward View report, in which staff behaviour is connected to the quality of care delivered to patients and better clinical practice (NHS, 2014). Improving the quality of healthcare service delivery involves adopting improvement cycles that are conducted by multiple agents through systematic processes of change and evaluation (Scoville et al., 2016). Despite the recognition that some of the recurring challenges to improve healthcare services are behavioural in essence, there is insufficient evidence about how behavioural insights can be successfully applied to quality improvement in healthcare. Simultaneously, the discussion on how to better engage participants in intervention design, and how to better enable participation are not seen as fundamental components of behaviour change frameworks. This paper presents an integrative approach, stemming from comprehensive literature review and an ongoing case study, in which participatory design is used as the conduit to activate stakeholder engagement in the application of a behaviour change framework, aiming to improve the processes of diagnosing and managing urinary tract infection in the emergency department of a hospital in England. Preliminary findings show positive results regarding the combined use of participatory design and behaviour change tools in the development of a shared-vision of the challenges in question, and the collaborative establishment of priorities of action, potential solution routes and evaluation strategies.
Creator/Author:: Carvalho, Fernando ; Jun, Gyuchan Thomas , and Mitchell, Val
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

34. Understanding Everyday Design

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The more society gets complicated and developed, the more demand for various products. As a result, we are living in a flood of various products. However, considering how people consume and use products in their daily life, it is not difficult to find people transforming, changing the original purpose or adding value to existing products instead of buying new ones. This phenomenon has been defined as everyday design. In a sense that everyday design provides a better understanding of actual uses in real context, it deserves to be studied. Therefore, this paper attempts to figure out an underlying mechanism of everyday design. For this, a conceptual framework was developed, whose focus was on what triggers everyday design, what goals are set, and how a product is transformed. The conceptual framework was validated with a photographic inventory of users’ everyday design in our daily life. The conceptual framework could provide a better understanding of everyday design in a systematic way. If it is considered in the product development process, it could contribute to an increase of use satisfaction as well as sustainable design. The limitations and a further study are discussed at the end of the paper.
Creator/Author:: Kim, Soyoung; Cho, Kwangmin , and Kim, Chajoong
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 12/06/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

35. A new role for designers through meta (open) design

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The growing speed with which consumers discard artifacts is a significant but regrettable part of the capitalist economy. High consumption rates are accelerated by contemporary society, which is based on a model of values that link the notion of well being to profit generation and consumption of material goods. This exacerbated consumption cycle perpetuates environmental damage. In this context, proposing sustainable solutions involves new ways of thinking and doing that are distant from the practices of the current model of consumer society. This paper reflects on the necessity to implement changes into the design process, production, and consumption modalities. These changes propose a “new” role for designers as professionals, and as individuals in society at large. This research connects the concepts of metadesign and opens design- enabling system awareness. Metadesign can be considered critical and reflexive thinking about the boundaries and scope of design, but also, as the prefix “meta” implies, it can be understood as the design of the design process, in a critical and reflective way. Open design implies the openness of the design project for multiple actors (including consumers), information sharing, and building knowledge between them. As a result, design can lead to consumption modalities situated in slow culture, transforming the relationship between users and artifacts.
Creator/Author:: Boff Ferronato, Priscilla and Ruecker, Stan
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 11/17/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

36. Collecting Insights from Experience Group Sessions™ to Better Inform Design and Strategy for a Pediatric Asthma Integrated Practice Unit

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The purpose of Experience Group Sessions is to identify the health and lifestyle challenges that make it difficult for patients and families to manage chronic medical conditions. The Innovation Engine at Carolinas HealthCare System worked with pediatricians to identify and recruit patients with chronic asthma. Experience Group Sessions were a way for families and patients to share their experiences managing asthma and allowed facilitators to gather insights about what does and does not happen in their daily lives. The key themes and quotes collected from the Experience Group Sessions were grouped into three categories of outcomes that define success with health: capability, comfort and calm. The results of the analysis were shared with the workgroup to inform the design and strategy for an integrated practice unit. Integrated practice units are intended to bring together a full range of providers and services to specifically address a certain medical condition, in this case, pediatric asthma at Carolinas HealthCare System. This integrated practice model will be reorganized around patient-centered care and value to improve overall health for children with asthma.
Creator/Author:: Baek, Sally
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 11/17/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

37. Mapping for Mindsets of Possibility During Home Downsizing

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: How can design orient people to an expanded sense of future possibility? Design researchers are beginning to recognize design’s potential role not solely in producing products, services and strategies but, instead, in shifting mindsets and behaviors. This shift requires a different view of the design practice, from engaging users to gather insights to be implemented, to that process as the actual material of the design. Borrowing from the framework of practice-oriented design, a first step in these processes is expanding participants’ understanding of future possibilities. In opening future possibilities, one recognizes an expanded range of futures and, ideally, engages in dialog with other people and their range of possibilities. This paper introduces mapping activities that are intended to reframe participants’ perception of possible futures. This study conducted pilot workshops with participants who were downsizing their home and struggling with decisions about their things and spaces. This paper argues that working with people already engaged in life transitions such as downsizing presents a rich opportunity for these futuring methods, as they are already beginning to grapple with designing for possible futures. These methods provide a stake in the ground for future exploration of potential methods to engender mindsets of possibility and engage in trialing methods like living labs.
Creator/Author:: Otto, Lisa
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

38. Qualities of Public Health. Towards an Analysis of Aesthetic Features of Public Policies

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Design is gaining popularity as a way to address complex social problems in various fields of practices. Strangely, public health which, by nature, is concerned by such kinds of problems, remains foreign to this way of thinking. Building on the increasing popularity of design in policy making, we stress that public health could also benefit from this conceptual yet pragmatic framework. To open a critical perspective about the potential of design for public health, we examine four design projects that address social determinants of health and whose outcomes promotes healthy living habits. Finally, we argue that the interest of design for public health lies on its concern for the users’ æsthetic experience emerging of its encounter with the touchpoints that embody health policies. This contribution ought to act as a stepping stone to open a debate about design as offering a critical perspective for the practice and study of public health.
Creator/Author:: Proulx, Sébastien ; Gauthier, Philippe , and Hamarat, Yaprak
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 01/12/2018
Date Modified:: 01/16/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

39. The Development of Modern Design Methods through an Actor-Network Theory (ANT) Analysis of the Pre-modern Social Customs of Japan

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: We analyze life in urban district on the outskirts of Tokyo by ANT. This research is used to identify social and technological elements that are regarded as essential in the modern day and to develop methods that will link to a practical approach. Our presentation describes these methods in detail. We believe that it may be possible to identify particularly important elements in design methods that respond to the complications of the modern day in early modern wisdom and customs, which until now have been overlooked. Today, as the foundations of social norms and traditions that have previously been regarded as self-evident are swaying and the risk society is advancing, these new design methods can be used to respond to an array of issues with a high degree of complication, such as the deterioration of the mental environment and environmental problems without any discernible solution. Since the modern era began, design has solved social problems through the development of objects and systems. However, in terms of the problems stated above, it can also be pointed out that design is both unable to suggest basic solutions and, in addition, forms a part of the social structures that cause these problems. Approaches that follow laws of causality tied to modern methodology cannot be applied to complicated problems where the relationship between cause and effect is unclear. The use of new design methods makes it possible to decipher complicated relationships and apply pre-modern systems to modern life.
Creator/Author:: Miyata, Masako ; Nambu, Ryuichi , and Mizuuchi, Tomohide
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 01/23/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

40. A Study on Design for Diagnostic Tool for Language Processing Ability with Aging - Focused on ‘Verb naming’

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The deterioration of linguistic abilities is a natural phenomenon along with aging. Therefore, various assessment tools have been developed to measure linguistic abilities of seniors and diagnose degenerative diseases such as dementia. Although most of the tools are composed of images, there are not many studies focusing on the visual design, which could significantly affect performance of the subject. In this regard, this research aims to suggest a design guideline for linguistic ability assessment tools concerning the key characteristics of the elderly, focusing on visual contents and interface. Existing related researches were mostly conducted in English speaking countries. In order to assess the language processing abilities of Korean-speaking elders more accurately, it is necessary to develop language processing assessment tools that reflect the unique linguistic features and structure of the Korean language. Regarding the existing tools, there is a lack of research on aging, focusing on ‘verb naming. In the literature review section, the paper investigated the physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics of the elderly and extracted the key elements to consider when designing for the elderly. Also, design principles were found based on case studies and problem analysis of the existing assessment tools for language processing abilities. Lastly, we created a prototype model using ‘verb naming.’ Using the model, we have conducted an experiment and comparative analysis between different age groups to verify the validity of contents. In conclusion, we provided a design guideline for visual contents and interface of linguistic assessment tools, focusing on elderly users.
Creator/Author:: Choi, Yoo Mi and Kim, You Ri
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 11/17/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

41. Discourses on Japanese lifestyle in early modern design: A turning point from Westernization to modern design

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Low-seated chairs for tatami mats that are characteristic of Japanese-style interior appeared after late 1940s. This article focuses on the ambivalence between Western lifestyles and Japanese lifestyles by tracing the comments of designers, critics, magazines, and so forth to clarify a background of them. The introduction of chairs in Japan was actually involved, by definition, in a dichotomy between sitting on the floor and in chairs, which therefore was far from the domestic practicality of lifestyles among the public. Then we have to observe the two points for the introduction of chairs to break through this rigid situation: (1) how did the public establish definition of chairs outside the Westernization? This article grasps the fact that the artisans and early designers accumulated their experience of producing chairs from scratch, through trial and error. (2) How did the relation between sitting on the floor and in chairs break out of the dichotomy, through ambivalence? This article focuses on the fact that the public enjoyed the physical relaxation offered by the mix of sitting on the floor and in chairs. This constituted the domestic practicality of chairs for the Japanese. Therefore, such experiences of making and using chairs can be summarized as the awakening of a universe in the distance between the floor and the seat-height of Western chairs. It was a new frontier for Japanese designers, and low-seated chairs were born in this space. This article concludes that it marked the transition from Westernization to Japanese modern design.
Creator/Author:: Ishikawa, Yoshimune
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/14/2017
Date Modified:: 01/09/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

42. Sensory Reflection towards Product Design Ideation

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: As humans’ information processing abilities, have become more and more disconnected from their senses due to an increasing quantity of abstract information, so have design processes. There is a demand for designers to include human sensation as part of engaging product forms and experiences. This qualitative case study explores the role of senses and their potential use in design ideation. A literature review of related theoretical and pragmatic perspectives and a survey of 15-20 product examples that provide unique sensory experiences are analyzed and sorted through four sensory design strategies: Sensory Augmentation, Conversion, Transition and Isolation. Using the four strategies as core concepts, a Sensory Reflective Framework with a mindful focus on sensory appreciation and translation is proposed to support designers’ ideation in creating unique product forms and experiences. The paper reports the process and findings of a sensory ideation workshop which was conducted based on the framework, and further discusses the development and implications of the framework in supporting designers’ sensory ideation.
Creator/Author:: Daiello, Vittoria ; Prabhakar, Pratiksha, and Jung, Heekyoung
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

43. Nature-inspired organizational design framework for open collaboration platform development

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Over the last two decades, for-profit and non-for-profit organizations have increasingly adopted open collaboration, such as open innovation and crowdsourcing, as a strategy for innovation. Information and communication technology (ICT) has played a major role in forming open collaboration communities, but organizational design also needs to be considered to encourage the active participation and collaboration of actors. Nonetheless, organizational design aspect has seldom been addressed in developing open collaboration platforms. In this research, an organizational design framework for open collaboration was developed through a nature-inspired design approach. This framework suggests that the self-organization mechanism of social insects provides inspirations for the design of the platform, especially in terms of setting simple rules to induce behaviors of the actors and facilitating interactions among them. Since the open collaboration strategy depends on external actors who are not in employment relationship, an organization cannot force their contribution. Accordingly, the organization’s capability to induce the spontaneous participation of actors is essential, and it implies the potential role of designers in platform design based on a thorough understanding of actors. We thus claim that designers can bring a new perspective to organizational design. Open collaboration platforms serve as an exemplar in which designers contribute to the design of an organizational environment that fosters collaboration.
Creator/Author:: Baek, Joon Sang and Kim, Sojung
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

44. Collaborating Design Risk

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The “Safety Grand Challenge” is a collaborative research project between the Royal College of Art (RCA) School of Design, and the Lloyd's Register Foundation (LRF). The maritime industry is dominated by “grandfathering” leading to a slow-pace of adopting innovations that can reduce risk and save lives at sea. We describe how impact was achieved through collaboration and design innovations that bridged the risk gap between technologies and human behaviours. Starting from the project brief we designed a collaborative platform that supported a constructive dialogue between academia and partner organisations that aimed to foster innovative design approaches to risk and safety. The project generated an engaged community with diverse expertise that influenced the outcomes which included seven prototypes designed by a group of thirty students from across the RCA. Throughout the course of the project the network extended to other partners beyond the initial ones that included the RCA, LRF and Royal National Lifeboat Institution. The “Safety Grand Challenge” demonstrates how research can be an explorative platform that offers opportunities to analyse and design solutions to real life safety problems in mature industries through the prototypes that reflect the sophistication of the project’s collaborations. Our conclusions support how design research helped identify the value of design for safety in tackling complex issues that intertwine human, environmental and commercial views and can shape new forms of collaborative research between academia and industrial partners.
Creator/Author:: Lee, Chang Hee ; Hall, Ashley; Kann, Mike , and Ferrarello, Laura
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 12/06/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

45. Expert Opinion on the Barriers to Communicating Excellent Research in

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Effective university-industry collaboration has become a major focus for governments in recent years. Universities are increasingly expected to play a greater role in the innovation system and evidence their contribution to economic development. At the same time, the growth in research quality assessment exercises makes it imperative that the excellence of research conducted in commercially-driven activities can be appropriately evaluated. This paper explores the challenge of reconciling commercially-focused activity and research quality assessment in design. Semi- structured interviews were conducted with thirteen experts including representatives from the design discipline, other applied academic disciplines, research quality assessment leaders and commercial designers. The interviews identified a number of barriers to demonstrating research excellence in commercially-driven projects. These were classified as barriers resulting from: the nature of industry/academic relationships; the nature of the project; and the nature of the research quality assessment. It is concluded that there is a need to build a simple, easily usable framework for assessing the research potential of commercially-driven design projects from the outset to ensure that the appropriate processes are put in place to communicate research conducted within them.
Creator/Author:: Beverley, Katie ; Walters, Andrew , and Al Batlouni, Dana
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

46. Biometrics For Babies- Human Centered Technology Design to support infant immunization and healthcare delivery in resource limited settings.

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Identifying Infants can be harder than it seems. Particularly in remote and limited resources settings, rapid and accurate identification of infants presents an unsolved complex sociotechnical problem. Imagine a long line of caregivers, each carrying several children, waiting outside in heat and humidity for required vaccinations. Caregivers may only know the infant's given names: how can the they be identified for record keeping? Vaccination cards are notoriously unreliably and easily lost, mistakes abound. Recent technologycentered attempts th In order to develop a new, infant-centered solution from the ground up, we assembled a diverse team of engineers, clinicians, ethnographers and designers and followed a Human Centered Design (HCD) approach of ethnography, rapid prototyping and testing. We examined all common modalities used in adult biometrics-- ear, iris, retina, face, foot, palm and finger recognition and compared technical feasibility, usability and acceptability for the infant use case. We prototyped many infant-centric devices and arrived at lead candidates using modified contact vs non contact palm and finger scanning. Frequent design-test cycles were critical as the complexity and changing nature of infant physiology, behavior and caregiver dynamics could not be predicted, only tested with subjects. This was compounded by moving targets of evolving infant-centric software, hardware and device design. In summary, we report here an HCD based approach to infant biometrics. We developed and tested robust, socially acceptable technologies that adapt to the tiny, sensitive yet changing fingers of very young infants.
Creator/Author:: Forster, Deborah and Demolder, Carl
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 11/17/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

47. Developing design criteria for iPad stands to meet the needs of older adults in group settings

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This paper details the evaluation process undertaken to create criteria for the development of an iPad stand for elderly users. Emphasis is on the requirements elicitation stage with end users in the field. 32 elderly participants taking part in the activity group as part of the Ageing-Well program of a City Council in a cosmopolitan area in Australia were part of an evaluation in which three existing iPad stands were trialled. While commercially available stands are abundant, specific problems such as reduced grip, basic technical understanding of the stand, and concerns surrounding stability were encountered within the group. Observation and semi-structured interviews were undertaken with the cohort to determine factors surrounding the suitability and uptake of these stands by elderly users – most of them with some disabilities - with findings suggesting that current tablet stands require fine levels of dexterity, which may not be appropriate for elderly users where such a device is needed. While usability in setting up the stand and use is a strong factor, aesthetics and material qualities are equally important for enjoyable use. In addition, the use of iPads in social activities between two or more older adults has specific demands in terms of visibility of screen, sturdiness and easy movement that is not considered by current tablet stands. The paper ends with proposing design recommendations. Further research is required to develop a suitable solution and refines these
Creator/Author:: Beh, Jeanie ; Renda, Gianni ; Wright, Emily , and Pedell, Sonja
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 01/16/2018
Date Modified:: 01/16/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

48. Co-creation supporting collaboration across cultural contexts: Recommendations for improving in flight packaging for ageing populations

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Increasingly universities are adopting a collaborative approach to ensure research outcomes have industry-relevant impact. This collaboration has known challenges given the complexity of the process which requires successful negotiation across the needs of various stakeholders, disciplinary knowledges and cultural contexts. A co-creation approach in collaborative research can assist in navigating these challenges by empowering all stakeholders including industry, the academy and the community. This paper presents a case study of an industry engaged research project that employed this approach. Partnering with a northern European international airline and universities from Australia and Singapore, the project investigated opportunities for innovation around the ageing population’s user experience with in-flight packaging. Applying case study method, data collected included in-flight observations, expert interviews, co-creation workshops and prototyping. Challenges as well as opportunities are identified around how the co-creation approach supported the industry relevant outcomes of the project. The findings suggest that co-creation supports better outcomes for collaboration across the complexity of industry engaged cross-cultural research projects.
Creator/Author:: Wright, Emily
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 01/09/2018
Date Modified:: 01/12/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

49. Opening a Design Education Pipeline from University to K-12 and Back

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: To prepare students to imagine desirable futures amidst current planetary level challenges, design educators must think and act in new ways. In this paper, we describe a pilot study that illustrates how educators might teach K-12 students and university design students to situate their making within transitional times in a volatile and exponentially changing world. We describe how to best situate students to align design thinking and learning with future foresight. Here we present a pilot test and evaluate how a university-level Dexign Futures course content, approach, and scaffolded instructional materials – can be adapted for use in K-12 Design Learning Challenges. We describe the K-12 design-based learning challenges/experiences developed and implemented by the Design Learning Network (DLN). The Dexign Futures course we describe in this paper is a required course for third year undergraduate students in the School of Design at Carnegie Mellon University. The “x” signifies a different type of design that aligns short-term action with long-term goals. The course integrates design thinking and learning with long-horizon future scenario foresight. Broadly speaking, we ask how might portions of a design course be taught and experienced by teachers and students of two different demographics: within the university (Design Undergraduates) and in K-12 (via DLN). This pilot study is descriptive in nature; in future work, we seek to assess learning outcomes across university and K-12 courses. We believe the approach described is relevant for lifelong learners (e.g., post- graduate-level, career development, transitional adult education).
Creator/Author:: Wells-Papanek, Doris ; Wasserman, Arnold ; Brooks, Judy , and Scupelli, Peter
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 11/30/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

50. Applying Design Thinking for Business Model Innovation for a Nonprofit Organization – Case Study: Art á la Carte

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The challenges facing many small nonprofit organizations are increasing at a greater rate than the internal capacities of many within this sector are able to address effectively. This situation has small nonprofits questioning their sustainability and ability to deliver their services in the long term. Often these small nonprofit organizations are working within a business model and communications paradigm that has remained unchanged for decades and one which is proving no longer effective in attracting awareness, engagement, and support. Many of these organizations are facing a critical failure requiring significant business model innovation to achieve both their short-, mid- and long-term goals. Design thinking is an avenue for nonprofits to achieve business model innovation by developing new, unique concepts supporting an organization’s viability and the processes for bringing those concepts to fruition. This case study outlines the design thinking process applied to business model innovation for a small, 22-year old, nonprofit approaching critical business failure.
Creator/Author:: Miyauchi, Alison and Cressman, Scott
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 12/06/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

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2. Solution Generation Design Profiles: Reflection on "Reflection in Action"

3. Incorporating Co-Design Thinking to Understand Current and Future Experiences of Veterans in a University Environment

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45. Expert Opinion on the Barriers to Communicating Excellent Research in

46. Biometrics For Babies- Human Centered Technology Design to support infant immunization and healthcare delivery in resource limited settings.

47. Developing design criteria for iPad stands to meet the needs of older adults in group settings

48. Co-creation supporting collaboration across cultural contexts: Recommendations for improving in flight packaging for ageing populations

49. Opening a Design Education Pipeline from University to K-12 and Back

50. Applying Design Thinking for Business Model Innovation for a Nonprofit Organization – Case Study: Art á la Carte

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