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  • A Study on the Entrepreneurial Path of Design-led Startups in Taiwan

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The phenomenon of design entrepreneurship has received attention in the field of design. The trend of design entrepreneurship emerges in Taiwan and becoming a new career option for designers. Entrepreneurial activities can promote economic growth through innovation and knowledge spillovers. Studies on designer entrepreneurship are warranted because it proposes the possibility of entrepreneurial innovation, contributing to industrial and economic development. A multiple case study was employed, and seven design-led startups were selected as case study subjects to explore and conclude how these firms integrate their own profession and acquire resources to construct the value chain so as to keep the company operational and profitable. According to the results, the value chain of design-led startups is identified. The findings are further discussed to provide a better understanding of the entrepreneurial path of design-led startups in Taiwan.
    Creator/Author:
    Tung, Fang-Wu
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    03/05/2018
    Date Modified:
    03/05/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A Study on Design for Diagnostic Tool for Language Processing Ability with Aging - Focused on ‘Verb naming’

    Qb98mf449?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The deterioration of linguistic abilities is a natural phenomenon along with aging. Therefore, various assessment tools have been developed to measure linguistic abilities of seniors and diagnose degenerative diseases such as dementia. Although most of the tools are composed of images, there are not many studies focusing on the visual design, which could significantly affect performance of the subject. In this regard, this research aims to suggest a design guideline for linguistic ability assessment tools concerning the key characteristics of the elderly, focusing on visual contents and interface. Existing related researches were mostly conducted in English speaking countries. In order to assess the language processing abilities of Korean-speaking elders more accurately, it is necessary to develop language processing assessment tools that reflect the unique linguistic features and structure of the Korean language. Regarding the existing tools, there is a lack of research on aging, focusing on ‘verb naming. In the literature review section, the paper investigated the physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics of the elderly and extracted the key elements to consider when designing for the elderly. Also, design principles were found based on case studies and problem analysis of the existing assessment tools for language processing abilities. Lastly, we created a prototype model using ‘verb naming.’ Using the model, we have conducted an experiment and comparative analysis between different age groups to verify the validity of contents. In conclusion, we provided a design guideline for visual contents and interface of linguistic assessment tools, focusing on elderly users.
    Creator/Author:
    Choi, Yoo Mi and Kim, You Ri
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A Study on Design for Diagnostic Tool for Language Processing Ability with Aging

    H128nd69k?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The deterioration of linguistic abilities is a natural phenomenon along with aging. Therefore, various assessment tools have been developed to measure linguistic abilities of seniors and diagnose degenerative diseases such as dementia. Although most of the tools are composed of images, there are not many studies focusing on the visual design, which could significantly affect performance of the subject. In this regard, this research aims to suggest a design guideline for linguistic ability assessment tools concerning the key characteristics of the elderly, focusing on visual contents and interface. Existing related researches were mostly conducted in English-speaking countries. In order to assess the language processing abilities of Korean-speaking elders more accurately, it is necessary to develop language processing assessment tools that reflect the unique linguistic features and structure of the Korean language. Regarding the existing tools, there is a lack of research on aging, focusing on ‘verb naming. In the literature review section, the paper investigated the physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics of the elderly and extracted the key elements to consider when designing for the elderly. Also, design principles were found based on case studies and problem analysis of the existing assessment tools for language processing abilities. Lastly, we created a prototype model using ‘verb naming.’ Using the model, we have conducted an experiment and comparative analysis between different age groups to verify the validity of contents. In conclusion, we provided a design guideline for visual contents and interface of linguistic assessment tools, focusing on elderly users.
    Creator/Author:
    Choi, Yoo Mi
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/14/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/18/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Study of the implementability of tactile feedback while operating touch panel device -From two directions of efficacy & feasibility-

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In a few years, the number of apparatuses with touch panel displays like smartphones will increase. People who are visually impaired, hearing impaired and disabled can use tactile feedback for receiving incoming communications. However, opportunities for tactile feedback applications are limited. Our hypotheses follow: as there are haptics patterns suitable for use cases, we will design haptics samples of tactile feedback and inspect their effectiveness. This study focuses on haptics patterns showing a relationship between the user’s impression and various use situations. Previous studies have been insufficient, so our target subjects inspected a limited number of objects. This study consists of two inspections: 1) We collected various haptics patterns that users had defined and analyzed the first inspection. For the next inspection, we manufactured a smartphone prototype. We matched the impression of eight haptics patterns types that we got from the subjects in the first analysis with different situations and tested various replies. Tests were repeated and recorded for various situations. As different haptics vibrations were added to emails, we inspected whether subjects could distinguish a difference in their meanings. Thus, we added different haptics patterns that corresponded to various situations. We concluded the hypothesis was effective for subjects. We could inspect the hypotheses in relation to subjects’ impressions of the haptics pattern. 2) Additionally, we obtained different results between elders and youths. Consequently, we suggested design guidelines for the new tactile feedback of the smartphone application. We suspect that haptics will be possible for a variety of interactive designs.
    Creator/Author:
    Wakasugi, Jien and Kubo, Masayoshi
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/15/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Storytelling Technique for Building Use-case Scenarios for Design Development

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Numerous studies have dealt with what kind of value narrative can have for creating a more effective design process. However, there is lack of consideration of storytelling techniques on a stage-by-stage level, where each stage of storytelling technique can draw attention to detailed content for creating use-case scenarios for design development. This research aims to identify the potential implications for design development by using storytelling techniques. For the empirical research, two types of workshops were conducted in order to select the most appropriate storytelling technique for building use-case scenarios, and to determine the relationship between the two methods. Afterwards, co-occurrence analysis was conducted to examine how each step of storytelling technique can help designers develop an enriched content of use-case scenario. Subsequently, the major findings of this research are further discussed, dealing with how each of the storytelling technique steps can help designers to incorporate important issues when building use-case scenarios for design development. These issues are: alternative and competitor’s solution which can aid designers to create better design features; status quo bias of user which can help the designer investigate the occurring reason of the issue; and finally, social/political values of user which have the potential of guiding designers to create strengthened user experience. The results of this research help designers and design researchers concentrate on crucial factors such as the alternative or competitor’s solution, the status quo bias of user, and social/political values of the user when dealing with issues of building use-case scenarios.
    Creator/Author:
    Jang, Sukwoo and Nam, Ki-young
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/20/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Speed Dating with Design Thinking: An empirical study of managers solving business problems with design

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The concept of design thinking has received increasing attention during recent years, particularly from managers around the world. However, despite being the subject of a vast number of articles and books stating its importance, the effectiveness of this approach is unclear, as the claims about the concept are not grounded on empirical studies or evaluations. In this study, we investigated the perceptions of six design thinking methods of 21 managers in the agriculture industry as they explored employee and business-related problems and solutions using these tools in a 6-hour workshop. The results from pre and post-survey responses suggest that the managers agreed on the value design thinking could bring to their own domains and were able to articulate on how they can use them in solving problems. We conclude by proposing directions for research to further explore adaptation of design thinking for the management practice context.
    Creator/Author:
    McKilligan, Seda; Ringholz, David, and Dhadphale, Tejas
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    12/06/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/15/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Sparking potential ideas of ‘best-fit’ for design- work: a conceptual model for research

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    There is considerable interest within the design research domain in the possible cognitive functions and actions as ‘design thinking’ is used. This proposal commences with reference to Senge who suggests, “Truly creative people use the gap between vision and current reality to generate energy for change”. He drew from the musician Fritz, who proposed, “It’s not what the vision is but what the vision does,” (1990, p.153). The imagined ideal in a vision seems to act like a spike setting off self-urging creative intuitions and insights and instinctive reactions. A conceptual series of diagrams will develop these insights where an imagined ideal is to be set up as the vision as the anticipated experience of a ‘best-possible-self’ with success, where emergent ‘ideas-of-best-fit’ closely match the designer’s goals and desires. The triggering mental actions required are similar in form to De Bono’s technique based on ‘Six Colored Hats’ (1985). In this project, however, the practitioner adopts an overarching meaningful ideal for a ‘hat’ in the form of an experiential clear sense of success as motivating ideations emerge, such that these closely match their goals and desires as a ‘best-possible-fit’. The model is also potentially transformative as the visioning ideal could be framed such that any emergent effects of encoded formed bias or a self-limiting psychology could be effectively reduced or eliminated through the applied created differential as a ‘generative gap’ for the self. This paper will further suggest how this envisaged ideal of success could be experientially explored through co-creative action cycles of research in different design-thinking domains.
    Creator/Author:
    Easterley, Marieka
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/19/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Solution Generation Design Profiles: Reflection on "Reflection in Action"

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Solution-generation design behavior in general, and "reflection-in-action" in particular, can serve to differentiate designers, recognizing their personal reflecting when designing. In psychology, reflection is found a more robust tool to enhance task performance after feedback from a personal "device" that generates the process itself while interacting with visual representation. Differences among students' interior design processes appear in their solution-generation design behavior. A “think aloud” experiment identified solution-generation behavior profiles. Qualitative and quantitative methodologies showed how design characteristics unite, forming patterns of design behavior. A comprehensive picture of designers’ differences emerged. The research aimed:  to identify individual design students’ solution-generation profiles based on design characteristics.  to show how reflection-in-action appearing in the profiles can serve to predict how novice designers learn and act when solving a design problem.  to enhance the uniqueness of reflection-in-action for designers as distinct from reflection in other fields. Four distinct solution-generation profiles emerged, each showing a different type of reflective acts. Identifying reflection-in-action type can robustly predict how designers develop design solutions and help develop pedagogical concepts, strategies and tools.
    Creator/Author:
    Bar-Eli, Shoshi
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Snack Food Package Design: Exploratory Study on Children’s Snack Choices and Design Elements

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Packaging is an essential element of design for both consumers and businesses. Product packaging functions both as a communication tool for product information and for brand messages. In addition, the role of visual elements and messages on snack packages are not well understood. This is particularly true from the standpoint of influencing the selection of snack food in children, even though there has been growth in the economic power of children as a consumer group. Therefore, this study examines: 1) the role of design variables such as typography, images, and the stylistic combination of these visual elements in affecting children’s snack food selection; 2) the role of health messages on children’s snack food selections; and 3) the role of perceived ‘healthiness’ in influencing children’s snack food selections. Digitally- simulated snack package images were created and sixty children ages 9 to13 were recruited for this study. From these design variables, ‘preferred-selections’ and ‘perceived healthy-selection’ of children in this age group were identified.
    Creator/Author:
    Ladjahasan, Nora and Kang, Sunghyun R.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/18/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Setting the Course: Instilling, Comprehension, Curation, and Implementation of Research in Four year, College Graphic Design Programs

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Graphic design students require a foundation in understanding, utilizing and conducting research. The discipline would benefit from standards for quantitative, qualitative, mixedmethods and practical approaches to graphic design-specific research. This paper examines the role of graphic design research in college-level graphic design pedagogy. This study is motivated by two research questions: [1] what theoretical analysis and practical approaches to graphic design research are graphic design educators currently implementing? [2] How can college-level graphic design educators build a culture of research literacy in graphic design baccalaureate programs? Literature describing the theoretical and practical instruction of graphic design research in college-level graphic design education is limited. The intention of this study is to advance the understanding of how graphic design educators define and implement graphic design research, first through qualitative analysis of a survey of four-year, graphic design degree program professors across the U.S. followed by in-depth interviews with published educators practicing research. The study’s interviews elaborate on the specifics of graphic design research through the lenses of professors developing and implementing graphic design research in four-year undergraduate programs, in their own practices, and in the discipline-wide conversation and study of graphic design research itself. In the study’s conclusion, potential future research is discussed.
    Creator/Author:
    Dersch, Madonna G.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Service Design as a Way to Engage Communities

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In an equally distressed and burgeoning community just outside of our major metropolitan city, there is a history of transformation efforts—from creative placemaking, to affordable housing initiatives, to economic re-development—which have all seemed to fall short in the area of community engagement. From the creation of neighborhood festivals that have low resident turnout, to a backlash of discouraged citizens who feel unheard and uninformed, there was a need to re-consider how to involve this unique community—made up of four very distinct neighborhoods— in the imminent re-development of the area in which they live. In the winter of 2016, our service design and creative strategy consultancy was brought in to a city-wide visionary community development project tied to our rapidly approaching bicentennial, in order to utilize service design methodologies as a way to engage communities and to design with organizations and community residents according to their needs and desires. This short paper will highlight a case study of an ongoing collaboration between our consultancy; a non-profit organization dedicated to the growth of it’s community; a higher education institution with a legacy of community engagement; a local office of the country’s largest community development corporation focused on Creative Placemaking and community revitalization; and, most importantly, various residents and stakeholders. The accompanying poster will visualize the process of engagement of various community stakeholders, tailored design research methods, and mechanisms for assessing short- and longterm community impact.
    Creator/Author:
    Napier, Pamela and Wada, Terri
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/02/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Sensory Reflection towards Product Design Ideation

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    As humans’ information processing abilities, have become more and more disconnected from their senses due to an increasing quantity of abstract information, so have design processes. There is a demand for designers to include human sensation as part of engaging product forms and experiences. This qualitative case study explores the role of senses and their potential use in design ideation. A literature review of related theoretical and pragmatic perspectives and a survey of 15-20 product examples that provide unique sensory experiences are analyzed and sorted through four sensory design strategies: Sensory Augmentation, Conversion, Transition and Isolation. Using the four strategies as core concepts, a Sensory Reflective Framework with a mindful focus on sensory appreciation and translation is proposed to support designers’ ideation in creating unique product forms and experiences. The paper reports the process and findings of a sensory ideation workshop which was conducted based on the framework, and further discusses the development and implications of the framework in supporting designers’ sensory ideation.
    Creator/Author:
    Daiello, Vittoria ; Prabhakar, Pratiksha, and Jung, Heekyoung
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Scaffold for designing modern products by reinterpreting the technique and philosophy of traditional crafts

    Pc289j050?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The technique and philosophy of traditional crafts are relevant aspects of our culture that should be passed on to future generations. However, using traditional crafts in modern life in their original form can be a challenge. It is essential to reinterpret them in the modern context, keeping the essence of tradition. For this purpose, we conducted case studies of Koishiwara and Yame in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, where Japanese traditional crafts are still manufactured. We used Koishiwara Pottery and Yame-Fukushima Buddhist Altar manufacturing as our investigation objects, conducted studies on their historical background and performed detailed observations of manufacturing techniques and processes. Thereafter, we developed the concept of “KATA” in Japanese, generally translated as type or prototype. “KATA” has several other meanings; in this study, we subdivided the concept into three elements, namely, shape, pattern, and style. We used “KATA” to build a framework to be used as a scaffold to help analyze the techniques and background of traditional crafts and reinterpret them to design products in the modern context. Based on reinterpretations, we developed a series of prototypes of modern tableware with the essential techniques of traditional crafts to verify the usefulness of the framework.
    Creator/Author:
    Ikeda, Minako
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Sacred Vs. Modern Design A Case from Iraq

    8336h188j?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This project is being built on the site of a thousand-year-old mosque, one of five sacred places in Iraq. People visit the place to pray, not simply because it is an old mosque, but rather because they think that the last descendant of the Prophet Mohammed will eventually be resurrected with Jesus Christ and will pray there. In 2006, an architect was hired to design the building. The premises were: 1) the design should promote the concept of sacredness, 2) this project should show belonging to the society, and 3) it should last for centuries. The results were controversial, however, by the time it was revealed to the public, the foundations had already been casted, in the hopes that people would eventually accept it. On the contrary, visitors and pilgrims became upset and began to protest the design. The construction process was thus halted in 2008, and we were hired to utilize the same foundations for a new design, one that fitted with the pilgrims' notions of “sacredness”. We began the project by surveying people’s ideas about what mosques on “holy” sites might look like, determining what a “sacred” place meant to them, and why some places are “sacred.” We discovered that most people think that “sacred” places should seem old. They also singled out some “sacred” examples for us. All these examples have one characteristic: the all hide “a certain kind of mystery”. We studied those examples and then developed our proposal, it was approved in 2011 and will be opened for public in 2018.
    Creator/Author:
    Falah, Shubber
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/04/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Rewarding Risk: Exploring How to Encourage Learning that Comes from Taking Risks

    T722h880z?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    High-stakes testing that became the norm after the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 helped condition students to strive for correct answers for clear problems, all on the first try. However, the iterative process inherent in designing requires risk-taking to conduct a trial-and-error process of defining problems and exploring possible solutions. This design research project was operated with Miami University Graphic Design students to test their willingness to take risks in their coursework to achieve their self-defined measures of success. Students identified that improving their skills was how they defined success. An interaction design assignment involving front-end coding was modified to test students’ comfort taking risks to grow their skills. Most students took risks in the assignment to grow their interaction design skills. The project revealed that closer attention to student motivation when developing learning experiences could help students make the transition to practicing design as an iterative process fraught with risk.
    Creator/Author:
    Cheatham, Dennis
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Research on the user behavior between China and USA elderly people in public space

    Gf06g267d?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The user experience difference between China and USA elderly people in using public space was discussed in this paper based on the questionnaire process. 1960 elderly people were selected from the four cities in Shanghai (China), Wuxi (China), New York City (USA), Cincinnati (USA) to complete the questionnaire, and the result shows the similarities and differences between the elderly people in China and USA. That is: The using frequency of the public space for the former is much higher than the later; the main purpose of the former in public space is sports and fitness, and relaxation is the chief choice of the later; weather condition and easy communication are the key factors for former to participate in public space, while timing is that for the later; all the elderly people in the two countries are favorite on the sports and fitness, but the party chatting is the feature of the former and the sightseeing is the feature of the later; the facility requirement is the most important attributes for the former to the public space, and the interaction design is the unique demands of the later, while the former had no interests on that demands. In the end, the reason for all the similarities and differences were analyzed in this paper, and the culture, the economics, as well as the politics factors were discussed in detail.
    Creator/Author:
    Wei, Na and Xin, XiangYang
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Research on the Edge: Incorporating new research methods in standard corporate research practices

    05741r719?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Outside of academia, it is often hard for researchers to find the opportunity to continue our scholarship. As graduate students and PHD fellows, we spent years creating and testing our hypotheses, designing new methods, approaches and technologies and we are anxious to ascertain if our theories can survive in the real world. How does a lone researcher engage the business community and convince them to test and use new cutting-edge research methods? The flipside is also true, you are a corporate researcher who would like to engage new methods and approaches to advance learnings, but you have limited resources and a business that demands results. How can you trust new methods and engage in new approaches while minimizing risk and exposure? The authors will give a 50,000-foot view of a new design research methodology, The FlashDraw, and how it can be complimentary alongside traditional research methods. An overview and example of the research process will be illustrated. The poster will also explore the challenges and successes of the partnership between two researchers, a recent graduate student and a corporate researcher, and their on-going journey to explore and establish best practices for researching on the “edge of the new”.
    Creator/Author:
    Hertz, Tricia and Lutz, Eva
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/11/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • The Research on Design Framework for Citizen Science

    6395w7085?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Citizen science is a process in which ordinary citizens contribute to scientific research. How to create citizen science design framework to achieve better awareness, initiative and action is our research focus. This paper will explore citizen science design in the context of smart city, on the basis of activity theory and by means of digital social innovation. “Smart City” concept provides new elements including social communication, collaborative design and innovative community to citizen science. With the rapid development of science and information & communication technologies (ICTs) and with the arrival of Web 2.0, social innovation is endowed with digital factors so as to be evolved to digital social innovation (DSI) which gives various design perspectives on citizen science and also plays an important part in establishing citizen science evaluation model. In this paper, a citizen science design framework consisting of citizen science content model, design model and evaluation model is proposed by discussing related theories, models and citizen science cases. It acts as not only design lead to inspire two citizen science case practices, but also an evaluation term in the view of citizen science. The framework and models developed in this research will hopefully be leveraged and refined to support citizen science design in the future.
    Creator/Author:
    Wang, Lu; Lin, Jia, and Fu, Zhiyong
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/05/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Research of the New Space in Vernacular Dwellings of Jiangnan Area during Mid- Ming Dynasty

    Ft848q61x?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In recent years, architecture culture study is a popular direction in traditional vernacular dwelling research of China. Architectural culture, as the metaphysical part of a building, not only influences the formation of the building in design period, but also dominates the usepattern of the building after construction. However most of studies started with material form of dwelling from architectonic prospective ignored that architecture is a phenomenon of culture. The study of vernacular dwelling from cultural and other related academic fields is very necessary. Bei-nong is a transportation space in traditional vernacular dwelling of Jiangnan area in China. This paper tried to use the methods of urban history research to investigate this space. First of all, the particular time and region of bei-nong appearance has been observed and defined from historical and cultural background. Then, appearance reasons have been analyzed based on the social context and mainstream philosophy during the scope of time and region. In the end, the physical and social functions and the architecture construction of bei-nong have been summarized and ratiocinated from the former conclusions according to inductive reasoning theory. A real and comprehensive bei-nong is showed in the result of research, not only the physical form and history of architecture but also a history story about that place and time.
    Creator/Author:
    Wei, Na; Guo, Weiming, and Huang, Ying
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/21/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Re-clarifying Design Problems through Questions for Secondary School Children

    W0892992w?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    It is believed that secondary school students often define design problems in the design coursework superficially due to various reasons such as lack of exposure, inexperience and the lack of research skills. Questioning techniques have long been associated with the development of critical thinking. Based on this context and assumption, the current study aimed to explore the use of questioning techniques to enable pre-tertiary students to improve their understanding of design problems by using questions to critique their thinking and decision-making processes and in turn, generate more effective design solutions. A qualitative approach is adopted in this study to identify the trajectories of students during design problem identification and clarification process. Using student design journals as a form of record for action and thoughts, they are analysed and supplemented by hearing survey with the teacher-in-charge. From the study, the following points can be concluded: 1) questions can be a useful tool to facilitate a better understanding of the design problem. 2) The process of identification and clarification of design problem is important in the development of critical thinking skills and social-emotional skills of the students. 3) It is important that students are given time and opportunity to find out the problems by themselves. 4) Teachers can be important role models as students may pick up questioning techniques from teacher student discussions. 5) Departmental reviews and built-in professional development time for weekly reviews on teaching and learning strategies are necessary for the continual improvement D&T education.
    Creator/Author:
    Wei Leong, Leon LOH; Wei Leong, LEE, and Hwee Mui, Grace KWEK
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    12/01/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International