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  • Investigating Ideation Flexibility through Incremental to Radical Heuristics

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Ideation flexibility is the ability to shift between a designer’s preferred and non-preferred ways of generating solutions as required by the presented task. There are many tools that exist to support ideation; however, there is a lack of research defining how to facilitate ideation flexibility and how to support designers in this process through use of such tools. In this paper, we report on the development of a new tool, the "Incremental to Radical Heuristics" (I2Rh), which may provide inspiring prompts for ideation, ranging from more incremental to more radical examples. We tested the use of this I2Rh with a small set of industrial design and architecture students and aim to report on ways in which designers with varying cognitive styles perceive and apply these heuristics and further the impact of the heuristics on the students’ problem solving processes and ideation outcomes. Preliminary results demonstrate that more innovative students found the adaptive applications of the heuristics to trigger more novel solutions, whereas the more adaptive students found that the innovative applications to be more inspiring. Ideation is critical as it allows designers to form many diverse ideas to choose from and eventually test and validate them (Sheppard, Macatangay et al. 2009). However, in many cases, designers find it difficult to come up with many diverse ideas as a result of fixation they experience on particular ideas (Crilly 2015). Being a flexible designer means being able to move from one solution to another, in order to produce the most promising solutions for the given context. In this movement, idea generation methods play a critical role as facilitators of this movement while pushing designers to think differently (Silk, Daly et al. 2014). The focus of the proposed work is ideation flexibility (Yilmaz, Daly et al. 2014), defined as the ability to ideate in both incremental and radical ways – or, more precisely, to ideate along a continuum of thinking between the two, depending on the needs of the problem. Building on the theoretical foundation of Kirton’s adaption-innovation theory (Kirton 1976), we defined the ideation success as a designer’s ability to move between his/her preferred and nonpreferred ways of generating ideas as required in the design brief. To specifically target ideation flexibility, we took an empirically-driven and validated ideation tool, Design Heuristics (Yilmaz, Seifert et al. 2016), and modified it based on the Kirton’s adaptiveinnovative theory. This revised set, called the "Incremental to Radical Heuristics" (I2Rh), illustrates heuristics’ application both incrementally and radically to the same example design problem. I2Rh is intended to help designers execute an ideation strategy based on prompts, examples, and directions to incorporate more incremental or more radical changes to their naturally preferred ways of generating ideas, through facilitating flexible thinking. Our goal in this paper was to investigate how designers with different cognitive styles perceive and apply these revised heuristics and their impact on the students’ ideation outcomes.
    Creator/Author:
    Baker, Ian; Sevier, Daniel; McKilligan, Seda; Jablokow, Kathryn W.; Daly, Shanna R. and Silk, Eli M.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    09/20/2018
    Date Modified:
    06/28/2019
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • All4One: A Moderated Sketching Tool for Supporting Idea-Generation with Remote Users

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Despite the increased popularity of online tools for remote teamwork and meetings, moderated collaborative activities between multiple users in early conceptual design stages, such as brainstorming sessions, are yet not well supported. In this paper, we introduce All4One, a networked system that enables multiple remote users to participate in a moderated visual sketching session. Each participant can independently draw and share sketches using a tablet, and a moderator uses a set of tangible tools to arrange and manipulate sketches that are displayed in real-time on a whiteboard. We present our prototype in detail and the results from a workshop study simulating a brainstorming session with designers who tested the system in practice. Results show several usage patterns and the potential of All4One for use in early design stages, and the importance of the role of the moderator as the facilitator of the design process. The paper concludes by identifying weaknesses and strengths of the current system and possible directions for future work.
    Creator/Author:
    Je, Seungwoo ; Bianchi, Andrea, and Lee, Hyelip
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Solution Generation Design Profiles: Reflection on "Reflection in Action"

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Solution-generation design behavior in general, and "reflection-in-action" in particular, can serve to differentiate designers, recognizing their personal reflecting when designing. In psychology, reflection is found a more robust tool to enhance task performance after feedback from a personal "device" that generates the process itself while interacting with visual representation. Differences among students' interior design processes appear in their solution-generation design behavior. A “think aloud” experiment identified solution-generation behavior profiles. Qualitative and quantitative methodologies showed how design characteristics unite, forming patterns of design behavior. A comprehensive picture of designers’ differences emerged. The research aimed:  to identify individual design students’ solution-generation profiles based on design characteristics.  to show how reflection-in-action appearing in the profiles can serve to predict how novice designers learn and act when solving a design problem.  to enhance the uniqueness of reflection-in-action for designers as distinct from reflection in other fields. Four distinct solution-generation profiles emerged, each showing a different type of reflective acts. Identifying reflection-in-action type can robustly predict how designers develop design solutions and help develop pedagogical concepts, strategies and tools.
    Creator/Author:
    Bar-Eli, Shoshi
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Craft and Design for Sustainability: Leverage for Change

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Traditional craft has been relegated to the margins in modern culture, being perceived as out step with technological, economic and societal progress. However, emergent research is rediscovering the nature of craft and its potential for contributing to design practice in conjunction with developments in science and technology. Through the analyses of craft and sustainability, strong connections are revealed as well as some incompatibilities. The contribution of this paper is to a) map a systemic view of craft and b) establish a theoretical understanding of the relationship between craft and a holistic understanding of sustainability. Drawing on recent research that proposes three areas of leverage for sustainability, we argue that craft, as a system of making, knowing and being, has significant potential to contribute actively and tangibly to the transitional conditions, thereby serving as an agency for sustainable transformation.
    Creator/Author:
    Zhan, Xiaofang
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    03/01/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Incorporating Co-Design Thinking to Understand Current and Future Experiences of Veterans in a University Environment

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The purpose of this research was to utilize co-design thinking to investigate and understand the experiences of veteran students entering into college at The Ohio State University (OSU) after military service, and to assist the university in improving those transition experiences. The research significance is that an increasing number of post 9/11 era veterans are utilizing the educational benefits earned through their service. Many of these service members have spent years inside a military culture, which has inadequately prepared them for a transition to the civilian and academic environments. It has been found that veteran students often self-segregate due to age differences, and their experiences gained through military service. Additionally, while OSU’s Office of Military and Veteran Services (OMVS) has been doing incredible things to help veteran students transition away from the military and into OSU, many of their practices tend to promote self-segregation rather than integration. Although it is not true across the entire population of veteran students, the research conducted showed that many sought opportunities for improved social integration programs. Opportunities lie in finding a balance between the culture that veteran students share, and integration into the civilian culture they are now part of. Additionally, veteran students could benefit from additional support in regards to academics and logistics when navigating through OSU. The study conducted was comprised of preliminary interviews with a director of the OMVS, an initial survey, four co-design sessions with volunteer veteran students, and an evaluative survey to gain deeper insight into the possible new service concepts generated during the co-design sessions. Based on the research results, proposed new services and improvements to existing ones were presented to OSU’s OMVS.
    Creator/Author:
    Morrow, Joshua B.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    12/06/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/16/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Issues of Devices and Applications for Supporting Walking in Older People - Focus on the Information Provision

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Japan has become a super-aging society, with the number of older people (over the age of 65) at a historical high both in absolute numbers (33 million) and as a proportion of the total population (26.0%). Walking is known to be associated with positive psychological improvements such as in subjective sense of wellbeing, life satisfaction, and a sense of purpose in life, as well as improvements in physical and mental function, such as arm/leg muscle strength and standing balance. In this study, we focus on information about functions for assisting walking, comparing and contrasting the information provided by existing products that support walking with the goal of clarifying issues from an information-provision viewpoint. We conducted interviews with eight older people who go for walks on a daily basis, asking about their thoughts before, during, and after walking. From 110 total comments, we obtained 30 comments relating to the action of walking. Furthermore, we investigated the functions of 11 devices and 20 applications that support walking, and from 24 functions, we focused on 20 functions relating to the action of walking. By comparing and contrasting the twin perspectives of “information items” and “information content” with visualization levels identified in the field of management, we clarified issues relating to devices and applications for supporting walking among older users, from the viewpoint of information provision.
    Creator/Author:
    Ariyoshi, Yohei and Tamura, Ryoichi
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    03/22/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Using Frame Analysis to Organize Designers’ Experience on the Cloud

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper demonstrates how Goffman’s frame analysis is applied in a research on designers’ experience with Cloud based digital tools. At the base of Goffman’s structure is the ‘primary frame’ - in this case designers’ experience with computer based digital tools. These tools’ transition to the Cloud initiated by businesses are called ‘fabrications’. Goffman’s ‘structural issues in fabrication’ such as ‘retransformations’ and the ‘nature of recontainment’ are also discussed through contemporary examples. These fabrications are used or ‘keyed’ by ‘active agents’ from various design fields. The data collected showed different levels of understanding of Cloud technology and the application of various tools in everyday design practices. Thus, the interviewees were clustered into three groups - designers, developers and artists. Their experiences form the creative, technology and experimental frame derived from keying of the primary frame. Design researchers can selectively borrow elements from frame analysis’ complex structure to build an effective user experience narrative.
    Creator/Author:
    Naskova, Julija
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/11/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Animation as a Creative Tool: Insights into the Complex

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Case studies are discussed, from Northumbria University’s practice-led Centre for Design Research (CfDR) that demonstrate how visualising concepts and designs through digital animation can enable effective communication of ideas and interactions, which in turn enables creative leaps in thinking, understanding and decision-making. Animation is a tool that can unlock the comprehension into what is and what could be. This paper reflects on a number of collaborative projects between the CfDR and several scientific communities, demonstrating and focusing in particular on the process of visualisation, designing digital animations to communicate complex processes, ideas and interactions. An approach and understanding has been developed about how to effectively communicate potentially complex, scientific and technical concepts for the benefit of the client and the end user, in particular the lay audience whose knowledge of the subject may be limited or non-existing. Findings indicate that the process of constructing simple digital animated stories becomes a learning process for both designer and client. Critical discussions during collaborative meetings develop shared understandings: helping clients to think more creatively about communication (appreciating the benefits of manipulating a truth to position to waylay contextual confusion), and making implicit knowledge belonging to the client explicit to the designer. It is important to state that this negotiation is more effective when the designer is a layperson with respect to the complex implicit knowledge of the client. During these collaborative conditions the untangling of complex ideas have achieve the a-ha moments in the animations’ audiences.
    Creator/Author:
    Hewitt, Ian Balmain ; Hilton, Kevin H. , and Parkinson, David A.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Writing into the Unknown: Speculative, Arts-Based Writing as Creative Composition and Design Research Method

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    How do arts-based writing endeavors catalyze generative thinking and support research development in design students’ thesis endeavors? This paper offers reflections from an industrial design masters student, a graphic design masters student, and their arts education professor in a School of Design at a Research I institution. Informed by theoretical and historical contexts of the design discipline and perspectives from composition studies and fine arts practice, we explore the potential of arts-based writing as an evocative, speculative tool and a distinctive form of reflective practice for the development of graduate design research. We suggest that arts-based writing’s iterative process, dialogic engagement, and speculative approach to knowledge-construction provide critical, reflective structures for working through uncertainties and thus are uniquely responsive to the evolving epistemologies of the transdisciplinary university. Three focal questions guide this reflection: What is arts-based writing? What role does arts-based writing play in students’ design research endeavors? How can arts-based writing practices support the growth of speculative and pragmatic design research?
    Creator/Author:
    Bruner, Olivia; Daiello, Vittoria, and Casey, Davida
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    05/11/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Product Identity Footprint: A Set Of Tools To Clarify The Front End Of Industrial Design Projects In Order To Start And Develop Products The Right Way.

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Having observed that many industrial design projects are started with the wrong approach, producing loss of resources, time, and professional relationships, this article presents a set of three tools that enables a clearer view of the Fuzzy Front-end (Vogel, Cagan). The first tool helps to understand the design order (Buchanan) of the product to be developed, and to place it in the utilitarian product universe (practical and economically biased), the transitional-wholistic product universe (practical, economic, and emotionally balanced), or the emotional product universe (viscerally and symbolically biased). The second identifies a product’s global purpose composed by its practical, economic, and emotional purposes, as well as the value factors they include (practical and indicative function, usability, practical or emotional cost-benefit, visceral appeal, and symbolic meaning). The third tool involves the type of project to be undertaken (vision, new development, major enhancement, or minor enhancement). Applicable to all disciplines of design, the three tools comprise the product identity footprint, which helps inform the selection of appropriate strategies to start a project the right way. It can increase the efficiency of the product development process by providing an agreed view that can be shared with all the development team, from the project sponsor to the engineering, marketing, planning, and creative departments.
    Creator/Author:
    Islas Munoz, JA and Rodriguez Cuevas, JM
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/30/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • EV 3.0: A Designg driven Integrated Innovation on Rapid Charging Model BEV Mobility

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This submission reports a design-driven integrated innovation on EV mobility, EV 3.0, as a collaboration between design research institution and a small BEV company in China. The on-going project provides a novel vision and design strategies of Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and mobility and has achieved a key technological performance on rapid charging of BEV. The current situation of BEV Industry and their recharging patterns show a big gap of new energy mobility. Key issues of BEV and mobility are defined by analysis of users’ need of mass market and a case study of a leading BEV. Usability of charging is identified as a bottleneck of BEV industry. Hence a new vision and scenario of rapid charging are defined, leading to respective design strategies and technological routines. With a long term investigation and iterative prototyping, an established prototype is developed and officially tested in the National Center of Supervision and Inspection on New Energy Motor Vehicle Products Quality in Shanghai. The test result indicates that the prototype has 431 km range in speed of 80km/h with only 15 minutes’ recharging, which provides a valid routine to break bottleneck of BEV industry .
    Creator/Author:
    Gong, Miaosen; Zhou, Xiang; Liang, Qiao, and Xu, Juanfang
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Rewarding Risk: Exploring How to Encourage Learning that Comes from Taking Risks

    T722h880z?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    High-stakes testing that became the norm after the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 helped condition students to strive for correct answers for clear problems, all on the first try. However, the iterative process inherent in designing requires risk-taking to conduct a trial-and-error process of defining problems and exploring possible solutions. This design research project was operated with Miami University Graphic Design students to test their willingness to take risks in their coursework to achieve their self-defined measures of success. Students identified that improving their skills was how they defined success. An interaction design assignment involving front-end coding was modified to test students’ comfort taking risks to grow their skills. Most students took risks in the assignment to grow their interaction design skills. The project revealed that closer attention to student motivation when developing learning experiences could help students make the transition to practicing design as an iterative process fraught with risk.
    Creator/Author:
    Cheatham, Dennis
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Changing the Perceptions of Making

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Traditional Industrial Design sponsored studios (when a corporation partners with a student design studio) can quickly become design for hire studios which limit student learning outcomes as well as successful outcomes for the Sponsor. In assessing instruction practices in sponsored studios, traditionally success is limited to products moving directly into production. By reframing the studio into an incubator and in-line studio setting students could work in the same fashion as an in-house design studio, with mass diminutive ideation focusing on performance initially rather than aesthetics causing an increased standard for success. Because students would be concentrating on editing down a mass amount of variables with swift precision using raw but effective mockups, time would not be wasted on improving the craft of an initial, potentially ill- developed concept, leading to more risk projects with market disrupting potential rather than just an aesthetic or materials update going into production. In a multi-disciplinary studio setting students from Industrial Design, Apparel Merchandising and Design, and Kinesiology, partnered with a corporate sponsored studio instructed in the framework premised above. The outcomes were a success with the studio functioning beyond a studio for hire scenario to learning objectives being met as well as aspects of projects moving forward into to development and projects moving directly into production as well as applications for patents. This paper investigates how studio culture can be reframed to create a diverse range of success as well as what specific instruction techniques, making techniques, and studio culture lead to this success.
    Creator/Author:
    Barnhart, Betsy
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/14/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/16/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Design Process Depiction for Richer Process Experience

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Design processes are so complex that it is not easy to remember, reflect and record in detail after the actual processes are over. This paper proposes a notation to depict a design process as a whole while keeping its original complexity in terms of visual and structural aspects. The notion affords two types of structures to represent design processes, through activity units, a series of actions of the same kind, and design elements including ideas, prototypes and theories emerged, created, and applied during the design process. We use a design process of an actual design workshop as a case to derive the notation while using the online presentation tool “Prezi” as an interaction framework. We then investigated the depicted design process by re-experiencing the process as a first-person engagement using the designed notation. Prezi's animation mode allowed us designate a sequence along which viewers can experience the design process by zooming in some activity units and design elements, and its presentation mode allows us to look back the design process from the start to the end by following activity units arranged in the temporal order. Following the transitions among some design elements allows us to focus on essential objects in the design process. The depicted process illustrate that the two structures of activity units and design elements are not corresponding to but independent of each other.
    Creator/Author:
    Nakakoji, Kumiyo; Kutomi, Nozomu; Kita, Yusuke, and Sakaguchi, Tomohiro
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/04/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Let’s Get Divorced: Pragmatic and Critical Constructive Design Research

    Cn69m4128?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Over the last two decades, constructive design research (CDR) — also known as Research through Design — has become an accepted mode of scholarly inquiry within the design research community. CDR is a broad term encompassing almost any kind of research that uses design action as a mode of inquiry. It has been described as having three distinct genres: lab, field, and showroom. The lab and field genres typically take a pragmatic stance, making things as a way of investigating what preferred futures might be. In contrast, research done following the showroom approach (more commonly known as critical design (CD), speculative design, or design fictions) offers a polemic and sometimes also a critique of the current state embodied in an artifact. Recently, we have observed a growing conflict within the design research community between pragmatic and critical researchers. To help reduce this conflict, we call for a divorce between CD and pragmatic CDR. We clarify how CDR and CD exist along a continuum. We conclude with suggestions for the design research community, about how each unique research approach can be used singly or in combination, and how they can push the boundaries of academic design research in new collaboration with different disciplines.
    Creator/Author:
    Koskinen, Ilpo; Forlizzi, Jodi; Zimmerman, John, and Hekkert, Paul
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/02/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Psychological Effects of an Art Program with Feed Back Systems Reflecting Achievement Levels in Rehabilitation Exercises -Development of a VR Device Encouraging Squatting Movements -

    Jw827b65j?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    We developed an art program that connects rehabilitation exercises with the creation of art. The quality and level of rehabilitation exercise achieved in the outcome of the resulting artwork is reflected as feedback to encourage patients to perform their rehabilitation exercises. The art program is called “Let’s stand up and draw art in the sky!” and utilizes a virtual reality (VR) head-mounted display device to create a landscape image in the device’s display area, through the movements of sitting down and standing up. To replicate the rehabilitation movement of standing then sitting on a chair, a squat exercise experiment was conducted with and without the art program, using university student subjects, and the results were compared between the two trials. When the subjects used the program they reported a significant increase in the "Level of Vitality" and the "Level of Pleasure", compared to when they performed the exercises without the art program.
    Creator/Author:
    YOSIHOKA, Kiyomi
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/16/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Raising Crime Awareness through ‘Design Thinking’ within a High Street Retailer in the United Kingdom

    1c18df77c?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Since the 1800’s, England became an industrialised country and experienced extensive urban growth, so sales associates chose this location to establish large stores. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the aim was to create the stores to entice customers through space, impressive architecture, interior design and the elegant display of merchandise. At the same time, the display techniques were growing to promote sales. Therefore, more retail equipment manufactured and supplied for displaying products in the stores. This significant variation led the retail industry as that goods could be touched by the customers and they were not accessible only through retail assistant anymore (Whitaker, 2011). Since then due to this new differentiation, retailers have been experiencing a significant change in their customer’s behaviour. Now the retailers are trying to give a brilliant shopping experience to their customers with more reason to increase the sale (Ebster, Garaus 2011). However, there are some restrictions to this strategy that afford excellent opportunities for shoplifters and opportunist criminals. Store design can be a fantastic and efficient tool to increase sales. Also, it could significantly increase the chance of retail crime. This paper examines how to minimise criminal activity in retail environments to reduce loss prevention and retail shrinkage by raising awareness through design thinking. Therefore, interviews, observation and exploration were done based on the experience of employees and customers in ‘The High Street Retailer’. The research project outcome included as over, a creative retail crime learning package and a digital platform to raise awareness and improve communication.
    Creator/Author:
    Parivar, Meg and Hands, David
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/11/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Proposal for Design Support Application Based on Extended ADT Model

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Understanding the user’s situation is very important in the design process. There are many ways to understand a user’s situation – a designer might observe a user’s situation or a user might record their own situation in Human Centered Design (HCD) file. However, the latter of these methods has not been very popular mainly because of the burden it place on the users. This research proposes a new smartphone-based design support application, named “HN camera”, which can be used to record the users’ situation, without any additional burden on them. This application is based on the ‘Extended Alethic/Deontic/Temporal (ADT) model’ concept. A user or a designer can understand and record the user’s situation based on the Physical factor, the Kansei factor, and the Cultural factor using HN Camera. The application was used in visualizing and analyzing tourists’ travel as a service design. Through this, the effectiveness of the proposed application was clarified.
    Creator/Author:
    Kang, Namgyu
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/23/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Taking aim at ‘wicked problems.’ A practical philosophy for educating designers in the making of wise decisions

    Rj4304528?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Today’s design pedagogies lack the characteristics for redressing the nature of the ‘wicked problems’ they attempt to solve, such as sustainability. We argue it is not fair for future generations to suffer the systemic effects of our unsustainable consumer culture, partly resulting from today’s design professionals’ decisions, which ensue because design is an amoral discipline lacking a systemic perspective. To rectify design’s characteristic failings, as part of a PhD study, we report a new pedagogical architecture founded as the synthesis of the practices of design and civics, forming the relationship design-as-civics (DaC): a practical philosophy. We position DaC as a reflexive, systemic radical political praxis for every citizen, possessing the explicit teleological goal to achieve the ‘good life’ for all. DaC takes a transdisciplinary approach. It integrates the discoveries of cognitive science and linguistics to expose how we construct our understanding of the world interpreting metaphors and frames, which we utilise to ‘aim’ DaC. Alongside shared social practice theory (SSP) and insights from developmental psychology that reveal the distinctly human capacity of “shared intentionality” engendering humankind’s willingness for cooperation and empathy for fairness. That living in a fairer society is desired by people from rival political perspectives, with egalitarian societies reporting lower environmental impact lifestyles and more willingness for transitioning towards sustainment. Thus, it is humankind’s cooperative behaviour and aligning values that provides the foundational rationale of DaC’s SSP goal to achieve the ‘good life’ through the ongoing critical examination of its ‘aim’ of resolving ‘fairness between citizens.’
    Creator/Author:
    Young, Robert and Emmerson, Paul
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Design Proposal for Notification of Dangerous Water Levels

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    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    To limit the harm and damage caused by river flooding, signs to indicate dangerous water levels are placed along the river, particularly where there is a danger of overflow. However, the general level of awareness of such signs is low. In this study, we examined ways to efficiently convey information that people have little interest in and find difficult to understand. Dangerous water levels are quantified and communicated using colors to indicate the degree of danger, and this information is conveyed to the public with signs on bridge piers and slopes. Various other measures are also employed, e.g., adding evacuation pictograms to signs, displaying signs separate from graduated water level indicators, and providing detailed information via the river office website. In addition to using Internet channels such as websites and Facebook, it is common to create and distribute pamphlets and other kinds of printed notifications to communicate such important information as widely as possible. Nevertheless, information that is essential in an emergency but unnecessary at ordinary times is difficult to communicate widely and effectively, even if all these measures are taken. This is because even if people accept that such information must be understood, they remain uninterested and find the information difficult to understand. To solve this problem, we created a story featuring mascot characters for each danger level. This story, presented as a picture book, overturns the conventional attitude toward such information. We thereby developed a medium for communicating important information in a way that better captures people’s interest.
    Creator/Author:
    Sugimoto, Yoshitaka; Sogabe, Haruka, and Morita, Yoshitsugu
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    03/01/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Comparative research of childcare systems between Finnish Neuvola Service Design with Japanese services

    Vh53wv730?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The Japanese government has planned by 2020 to introduce the Finnish Neuvola System, a fundamental social childcare system that covers the period of pregnancy to child care. The purpose of this research is to clarify the conditions for high quality of Neuvola service, comparing childcare of Finland and Japan. First, the social systems of Finland and Japan, legal actions and other related social backgrounds are covered. Following this, the results are analyzed. Secondly, the results of interviews in Finland with Neuvola public health nurses and three typical Neuvola users, including a father, mother, and pregnant woman are presented. As a result of survey, six conditions were identified as the basis of Neuvola services: personal health checks, facility preparation, pleotropic care, communication through mutual dialogue, customized information and management of service provider quality. In a society where nuclear families are increasing, it is harder to care for children without someone’s support. In comparing Finnish and Japanese childcare systems, the Finnish system perceives childcare as a social matter. In the Neuvola System, people are always open to discuss about any worries or queries. In Japan, the system is closed toward personal matters and private treatment options are not adequate. This is a major factor in larger problems that exist in the Japanese system. The results are discussed in relation to previous studies of participatory roles in social health care services in the Japanese government and users of these services, leading to the proposal of a Japanese childcare service design.
    Creator/Author:
    MORITA, Yoshitsugu; SHIMOMURA, Moe, and HIRAI, Yasuyuki
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    12/06/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/30/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • What the Font

    Ws859f652?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The ethical dimensions of basing a typeface on existing faces are unclear. Commentary about “clones” from critics and type designers alike are confused and contradictory. Few writers consider the issues systematically. Misunderstanding of copyright law and unreflective versions of moral rights claims dominate discussion. Open discussion of the models for a type design avoid claims of plagiarism and also affect the reception of the new typeface.
    Creator/Author:
    Swanson, Gunnar
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Service Design as a Way to Engage Communities

    2801pg33n?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In an equally distressed and burgeoning community just outside of our major metropolitan city, there is a history of transformation efforts—from creative placemaking, to affordable housing initiatives, to economic re-development—which have all seemed to fall short in the area of community engagement. From the creation of neighborhood festivals that have low resident turnout, to a backlash of discouraged citizens who feel unheard and uninformed, there was a need to re-consider how to involve this unique community—made up of four very distinct neighborhoods— in the imminent re-development of the area in which they live. In the winter of 2016, our service design and creative strategy consultancy was brought in to a city-wide visionary community development project tied to our rapidly approaching bicentennial, in order to utilize service design methodologies as a way to engage communities and to design with organizations and community residents according to their needs and desires. This short paper will highlight a case study of an ongoing collaboration between our consultancy; a non-profit organization dedicated to the growth of it’s community; a higher education institution with a legacy of community engagement; a local office of the country’s largest community development corporation focused on Creative Placemaking and community revitalization; and, most importantly, various residents and stakeholders. The accompanying poster will visualize the process of engagement of various community stakeholders, tailored design research methods, and mechanisms for assessing short- and longterm community impact.
    Creator/Author:
    Napier, Pamela and Wada, Terri
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/02/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Look Around You, Look Inside You: Exploring Heritage in the Design Classroom

    3r074t937?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    How can students at a federally-designated Hispanic-serving institution understand and express culture and diversity through art and design? In order to address this inquiry and to exemplify a method that introduces students to critical thinking in the context of design, I am presenting a case study based on the primary results of a project implemented at an introductory graphic design class, which is part of a multidisciplinary arts program. In this project, students learn basics of design research and auto ethnography in a studio setting, in order to explore heritage and culture, their context of living, family history, and personal connections with their past, present, and future. Results from this discovery stage inform brainstorming, sketching, design, and production of a book that contains multiple visual explorations on “Heritage.” Some of the most memorable and productive conversations and interactions between students took place not only during the development of the project, but at the final project presentation, which exposed their capacity to develop greater tolerance and a more empathic view of the other, to be open to reanalyze their context and personal interactions, to better evaluate the design abilities of their peers as they respond to their own individual approach to the topic, and to develop a better and safer sense of place in the classroom.
    Creator/Author:
    Hernández, Maria Gabriela
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/12/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Future Propositions for How People Use Technology: Designing Through Ethnographic Research Methods

    05741r680?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Carnegie Mellon University's School of Design partnered with Cognizant Technology Solutions on a design project for a semester-long elective course called UX Design Tools. The intent was broad in its inception: identify emergent opportunities where technology will play a significant role in people's interactions and experiences. What is the future of physical space? How are advancements in IoT, augmented reality, and telematics influencing how we experience environments? Students were asked to anchor their problem solving in evolving human needs and to understand the role technology plays. Cognizant's human-centered development approach relies primarily on ethnographic inquiry. This evidenced through integrating their anthropologists from acquired firm Idea Couture, and associates from strategic partner ReD Associates. The interdisciplinary majors from upper-level undergraduate to graduate level students learned to use and create multi- method research approaches to identify unique opportunities. Seven teams created future scenarios with newly developed physical product designs, digital interfaces, and new service strategies utilizing various technologies. Three case studies highlight a trio of observed emotional themes in relation to how people utilize technology to benefit their daily life or work: self- election, introduction-exchange, and co-dependency. This poster presentation will showcase three projects that will serve as examples of how industry and academia act as research and development entities; how to approach research as a fundamental tenet for innovation and design; and show how breadth and depth of interdisciplinary skills and experience is a necessity in an ever expanding climate of technology push.
    Creator/Author:
    Burton, Carly and Chung, Wayne
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/12/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Collaborative design education with industry: Student perspective by reflection

    2n49t1699?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This study suggests that student reflection on academic and industry collaborative projects can enhance student’s understanding on the design process to solve live industry problems. It contributes to the body of design literature to support students learning of explicit and implicit knowledge (Boling et al., 2016; Land et al., 2016; Salama, 2015). A 2017 learning- by-making (LBM) unit in the School of Architecture and Design, at the University of Tasmania, Australia, developed a unit for students to collaborate with Neville Smith Forest Products Pty. Ltd. (NSFP). NSFP is a local Tasmanian timber product manufacturer who currently stockpiles out-of-grade timber that has limited market applications. Undergraduate design students from second and third year Furniture, Interior and Architecture degrees collaborated with NSFP to value-add to their out-of-grade resource in the LBM unit. A series of design challenges, observations of industry practice and access to out-of-grade timber from NSFP exposed students to live industry problems and provided them the opportunity to build professional design skills. Students reflected on the collaborative LBM unit in a reflection journal, which was used to provide evidence of their learning experiences. The collaborative environment between academia and industry allowed students to acquire an understanding of timber product manufacturing that helped them develop empathy towards the industry problem and influence the development of new products. This study presents how student reflections influenced a change in their design process as they progressed through sequential design challenges to address an industry problem by adopting Valkenburg and Dorst (1998) reflective learning framework.
    Creator/Author:
    Kotlarewski, Nathan; Lee, Michael ; Nolan, Gregory; Last, Megan , and Wallis, Louise
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    05/23/2019
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • How to Teach Industrial Design? : A Case Study of College Education for Design Beginners

    Rf55z7692?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Industrial design education has existed for a long time as part of the university system, but the curriculum and contents of each subject vary considerably from school to school. In recent years, the introduction of new concepts that change the definition of design has blurred the boundaries of design, making the curriculum different. Establishing a standard curriculum to address these challenges is an important task, but it is necessary to fully understand how design education actually takes place and to share content with educators. This paper aims to contribute to the debate on industrial design education by fully disclosing the process and results of the first stage of industrial design education of a university by autobiographical method. The first course, Product Design Practice 1, is a studio class based on a task feedback iteration system. Students are required to submit assignments showing weekly progress. The instructor reviewed the assignments submitted before the class and gave written comments in class. In addition, details of the design process and method that are difficult to identify as novice students are learned through twelve case studies and applied to the project. This Task Feedback Repeating Class system gives students the opportunity to implement design ability while gaining detailed skills with a comprehensive view. Through this process, the researcher got a reflection on the class and implications for the improvement of the class.
    Creator/Author:
    Rhi, Joomyung
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/15/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Breaking through Fuzzy Positioning: Diverse Design Communication Strategies for Older Adults’ Healthcare Wearables

    2f75r804x?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In this study, based on the perception of older adults, fuzzy positioning of healthcare wearables and impacts of differentiated product positioning on human considerations and design communication strategies are studied. Empirical researches are performed by adopting both quantitative research (248 questionnaires for clustering and regression analysis) and qualitative research (15 cases for in- depth interview). The perceptions of older adults on product positioning are divided into three types: Tech-Aid, Fash-Acc, and Fash-Tech. Results indicate that the influential human considerations for each positioning were different from each other. Through coding and storyline analysis, diverse communication strategies are found for each positioning. The outcomes for each type are as follows. For Tech-Aid, wherein older adults lay emphasis on usefulness, ease of use, and privacy, the designers can adopt a calm communication strategy by giving priority to older adults’ control power, fitting symptoms, user-friendly, and cautious interconnection. For Fash-Acc, wherein older adults focus on personal image, aesthetic appearance, and ease of use, an active communication strategy for modeling a style for elderly fashion that agrees with aesthetic appreciation and simplified operation can be adopted. For Fash-Tech, wherein older adults require to integrate usefulness, ease of use, aesthetic appearance, comfort, privacy, and self-image, a persuasive communication strategy can be used, through which designers can offer older adults more data insights and entertainment, along with data association, and in the meantime, reduce data interferences and pay attention to style modality and appropriate display with context fusion and contact comfort.
    Creator/Author:
    Li, Chen and Lee, Chang – Franw
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Storytelling Technique for Building Use-case Scenarios for Design Development

    1z40ks800?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Numerous studies have dealt with what kind of value narrative can have for creating a more effective design process. However, there is lack of consideration of storytelling techniques on a stage-by-stage level, where each stage of storytelling technique can draw attention to detailed content for creating use-case scenarios for design development. This research aims to identify the potential implications for design development by using storytelling techniques. For the empirical research, two types of workshops were conducted in order to select the most appropriate storytelling technique for building use-case scenarios, and to determine the relationship between the two methods. Afterwards, co-occurrence analysis was conducted to examine how each step of storytelling technique can help designers develop an enriched content of use-case scenario. Subsequently, the major findings of this research are further discussed, dealing with how each of the storytelling technique steps can help designers to incorporate important issues when building use-case scenarios for design development. These issues are: alternative and competitor’s solution which can aid designers to create better design features; status quo bias of user which can help the designer investigate the occurring reason of the issue; and finally, social/political values of user which have the potential of guiding designers to create strengthened user experience. The results of this research help designers and design researchers concentrate on crucial factors such as the alternative or competitor’s solution, the status quo bias of user, and social/political values of the user when dealing with issues of building use-case scenarios.
    Creator/Author:
    Jang, Sukwoo and Nam, Ki-young
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/20/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • An Analysis of the Educational Value of PBL Design Workshops

    7d278t024?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The purpose of this study is to plan and operate design-workshops based on project-based learning (PBL), and examine their educational value for students. The PBL workshop encour- ages direct participation from students and produces educational value, and it is important to raise the interest level of workshops to elicit proactive participation. The workshop in this study was carried out over two weeks in January 2017 at Korea’s Yonsei University. The workshop was composed of eight teams of students from three countries, including Korea, China, and Japan, and the course was primarily divided into two sessions. The workshop participants examined in this thesis were notably satised with the elements of the course meant to garner interest. In the questionnaire results, participants also indicated that they obtained ample educational value through the workshop. An important element of the workshop was to connect the participants with businesses, which is also an important component of design education. Despite this, participants expressed a relatively lower level of satisfaction com- pared to other elements of the workshop. The results and analysis of this study will hopefully become a meaningful resource for educators when designing workshops in the future.
    Creator/Author:
    Hwang, Suhong and Chang, Ikjoon
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Designing Supportive Technology for Teaching Assistants Monitoring Collaboration

    3484zg88m?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Decisions made by user interface designers play an influential role in how people interact with software, this is especially true when it comes to the creation of tools to support teaching. As technology continues to play a more prominent role in schools, it poses an important question about how the design of learning tools influence what teachers do in classrooms. Data analytics is one opportunity technology offers for teachers to foster collaboration in student groups. Data analytics have the potential to provide teachers with a live view of what students are doing when using technology, which research shows is challenging to implement in classrooms. This paper focuses on the process to design a tool that assists engineering discussion session teacher assistants (TAs) to monitor collaboration within groups. We report on findings from interviews with TAs on what they anticipate they would need in order to support group work, and discuss how their responses influenced the design of this tool.
    Creator/Author:
    Lawrence, LuEttaMae
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/27/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Challenges and Lessons: Embracing Design Thinking Practices for Website Innovation in South Korea

    F4752g73w?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This research aims to investigate how Korean digital agencies practice design thinking for their website innovation. Based on a literature review on the design- thinking-driven web development process, multiple case studies of award-winning website projects were undertook. Through analyses of these cases, the following challenges and lessons were disclosed: (1) challenges – building a long-term, playful partnership with clients, leveraging decision-making executives’ design thinking awareness, and coping with limited resources (design thinking practitioners, budgets, and schedules) and (2) lessons – cross-functional collaboration, agile mobile-first development process, powerful visual storytelling, and compelling UX strategies and UI guidelines. Moreover, distinct approaches of design thinking practices were identified according to two website types: a brand promotion website – killer branding content-driven approach, and a service channel website – better UI/UXdriven approach.
    Creator/Author:
    Kim, Yujin
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/21/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Innovative Handle Design and Evaluation of Woks for Middle-Aged and Elderly People

    Rj430453j?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    With the enhancement of medical technology and human living standards, the world is showing a trajectory towards an aging society. The elders generally suffer from degeneration, which may cause problems in their daily lives. Aging has since become a major issue of scientific researches. Elders in Taiwan mostly live alone or with a partner. Because eating out is not a habit, cooking often plays an important role in their lives. Due to the degeneration happening to their bodies, the danger during cooking activities increases. Therefore, it is necessary for them to seek help from assistive devices. In this research, we will make assistive design models that help elders use woks. The designs are for the task we have chosen from our investigation. We will also evaluate the effect of the aids objectively using the EMG system, and collect the iEMG value for evaluation. The iEMG values were collected from four muscles (FDC, FCR, Biceps and Deltoids). Eight middle-aged participants who will become elders in the near future were invited to participate in the experiment. Four design solutions were chosen from seven working models. The design solutions were all helpful to the task, and the performances of the stove design solutions are significantly better than the original wok. The degrees of hand trembling while performing tasks were also measured, however the differences were not significant.
    Creator/Author:
    Lin, Yu-Chi ; Wu, Fong-Gong , and Sun, Hsiao-Han
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Entrepreneurial universities meet their private partners: towards a better embedding of the outcomes of cross-sector collaborations.

    Th83kz323?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In the past decades, universities’ involvement in socio-economic development, which goes along with their teaching and researching activities, has defined a new role for them in society’s ecosystem. This new role is often referred with the term of “entrepreneurial” university, whose objectives are positive societal, economic and environmental impacts. In order to fulfil such objectives, entrepreneurial universities might engage in cross-sector collaborations with external organisations. Despite the great contributions that cross-sector collaboration can give to the partners involved, the outcome is mostly unfocussed and rarely embedded. This paper explores the outcome embedding in the cross-sector collaboration between entrepreneurial universities and the private sector. To this end, we provide the case of the collaboration between a Dutch airline company and four Dutch entrepreneurial research and teaching institutions. We aim to uncover hindering and enabling factors to the outcome embedding in order to design an interaction platform, design it together. This platform will be a tool to encourage the outcome embedding, moving from being inspired by to the actual implementation of the cross-sector collaboration. In order to fulfill this goal, this study employs a research through design methodology. This approach is a generative process, where cyclic loops of iterations and evaluations with stakeholders tend to the research goal. The solution is a digital platform, co-created with all stakeholders. This study can inspire practitioners and future research on the problem of unsuccessful cross-sector collaborations, between entrepreneurial universities and external organisations, with more emphasis on the value of embedding and translating the outcomes.
    Creator/Author:
    De Lille, Christine; Baldini, Luca, and Calabretta, Giulia
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Transportation Assistive Device for the Elderly Based on Service Design

    Zg64tk941?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Commercial products specially designed for the elderly have assumption of user disability and focus on assistive tools design. However, recent studies show aged people gradually stay healthy condition because of modern advanced medical technology and service. There so- called “platinum society” that describes a group of aged people live in a community where they have to take care of themselves under healthy condition. To respond to above situation, this study applies service design model to explore daily life requirement of the elderly and proposes a new transportation assistive device design located aside the bus station. From empathy map analysis, point of view definition, requirement-and-function deployment, to service model construction, real daily life activity and movement of the elderly are collected and analyzed. A participative design approach is applied to involve senior citizen participation that is helpful to retrieve their intangible needs. In this proposed design, it includes an information interface and an exercise assistive device for the elderly to use during the waiting period when they stay at the bus station. It provides required information for transportation purpose as well as simple exercise movement that make it form an area of social connection. Instead of boring waiting time wasted at the station, it enhances interaction between the elderly through uncomplicated stretch movement and conversation. A scaled prototype is implemented to simulate and test the scenario and interview is executed to collect feedback from the elderly. Ongoing progress show a feasible application can be achieved by integrating with current environment.
    Creator/Author:
    Wu, Hsien-Jung ; Chien, Chia-Yu ; Chou, Yu-Ting , and Chu, De-Fang
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/22/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Enhancing Creative Confidence through Sketchnoting, A Foundational Research Exploration

    Bn999672v?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Sketchnoting, if seen as a methodology, exhibits potential for systematic and methodical research. It provides a framework to communicate visually through simple shapes, breaking complex forms down into combinations of dots, lines, squares, triangles, and circles. Situated at the lower end of the visualization spectrum, which ranges from napkin style sketching to photo-realistic rendering, it has low barriers to putting pen on paper. In the context of an industrial design graduate course originally introduced as a gateway to traditional visualization in design, sketchnoting exhibited greater potential to not only lower the threshold of sketching, but in addition, to foster creative, and in some cases, even boost design confidence. These anecdotal observations revealed several overarching opportunities for a larger, cross-disciplinary research, which would begin with exploring the ability to foster creative confidence through lowering the inhibition threshold to drawing for designers and non-designers alike. Proceeding to explore the potential of sketchnoting (due to its dual coding nature) becoming an entry point to employing all modes of thought processing, deductive, inductive and abductive logic as they pertain to divergent and convergent thinking. Ideally setting up this framework to be investigated as a means to improve student engagement and general learning behaviors. The long-term and underlying goal is to change how people see and solve problems and to diversify stakeholders involved in the development processes. This paper discusses the underlying concept as well as the originally observations, closing with the above-mentioned series of research opportunities.
    Creator/Author:
    Paepcke-Hjeltness, Verena and Cyamani, Aziza
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/11/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Interaction Design and Use innovation for Interactive products

    Df65v784d?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Product use innovation is a means to facilitate the design-driven innovation approach. We explore how the mode-of-use concept may apply to state-of-the-art product interactions to enhance user experience and provide opportunities for design-driven innovation within the interactive product space. To achieve this we apply taxonomy of interactions to classify interaction styles as along the two dimensions explanatory or exploratory and discrete or composite. Adopting the research-through- design approach two interactive mood lamps were developed and expressed as high-fidelity prototypes. These were then used as stimuli to evaluate the influence of interaction style on product experience. Results indicated the touch-free magic interaction style, an interaction providing explorative and composite modes of interaction, was initially considered more innovative in terms of use. However, participants also expressed negative emotions related to dissatisfaction and embarrassment towards the touch-free magic interaction due to an inability to intuitively understand the use functions. Implications for the application of use innovation within the interactive product context are finally discussed.
    Creator/Author:
    Self, James and Jeong, Geehyuck
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Sparking potential ideas of ‘best-fit’ for design- work: a conceptual model for research

    S4655g578?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    There is considerable interest within the design research domain in the possible cognitive functions and actions as ‘design thinking’ is used. This proposal commences with reference to Senge who suggests, “Truly creative people use the gap between vision and current reality to generate energy for change”. He drew from the musician Fritz, who proposed, “It’s not what the vision is but what the vision does,” (1990, p.153). The imagined ideal in a vision seems to act like a spike setting off self-urging creative intuitions and insights and instinctive reactions. A conceptual series of diagrams will develop these insights where an imagined ideal is to be set up as the vision as the anticipated experience of a ‘best-possible-self’ with success, where emergent ‘ideas-of-best-fit’ closely match the designer’s goals and desires. The triggering mental actions required are similar in form to De Bono’s technique based on ‘Six Colored Hats’ (1985). In this project, however, the practitioner adopts an overarching meaningful ideal for a ‘hat’ in the form of an experiential clear sense of success as motivating ideations emerge, such that these closely match their goals and desires as a ‘best-possible-fit’. The model is also potentially transformative as the visioning ideal could be framed such that any emergent effects of encoded formed bias or a self-limiting psychology could be effectively reduced or eliminated through the applied created differential as a ‘generative gap’ for the self. This paper will further suggest how this envisaged ideal of success could be experientially explored through co-creative action cycles of research in different design-thinking domains.
    Creator/Author:
    Easterley, Marieka
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/19/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • From Software Engineering to Information Design

    2b88qc16g?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Most academic methodologies are developed from a prescribed methodological process that is limited to a specific area of study. However, the disciplinary landscape in which the knowledge is established is being rapidly reconfigured. Given the vast varieties of practices and knowledge base required from information designers, it is even more crucial for them to look outside of the traditional visual design fields and seek diversities for better research and creation methods. The two disciplines, software engineering and information design, are often perceived as one provides technical solutions to the other. This essay intends to move beyond the common perception, and identify relevant issues in software engineering design that resonate with the information design process. The issues include the multi-component planning approach; the human-oriented agile method; design concepts such as abstraction, decomposition, component modularity, hierarchical relationship, and extensibility. The perspectives from software engineering design and information design is examined through units of analysis, terminology explanations, and forms of communications. The collective design methods and principles provide a systematic framework to the methodological thinking in information design. The discussion serves the purpose of encouraging more conceptual-based conversations between information design and other disciplines, especially in the fields of science and technology.
    Creator/Author:
    Shen, Yvette
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Dada posters in a post-colony

    S1784k73d?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Graphic design is often seen in the commercial context and is discussed through topics linked to software and technology. When we look around us we can realise that billboards, banners, posters and most of the print that surround us in the public space are delivering messages of marketing, corporations, consumerism and other commercially inclined narratives. This, however, is not the only way to comprehend the practice of a graphic designer. Graphic design can take a socio-pedagogical and historical role and distribute alternative messages in the society which are not linked to money and consumption, unless education, reading and studying are considered consumption of sorts. It is obvious that graphic design is a powerful tool that shapes our understanding of reality. This happens through being exposed to the work. Posters are claimed to mirror societies by many theorists and most visual communication is mediated by a graphic designer. Thus, Bonsiepe stated already in 2005 in his speech Design and Democracy that there is an absence of questioning activities linked to design production. It is yet a relevant theme that research needs to approach; also in a post-colony where the printed poster is ubiquitous. A simple sheet of printed paper. A very simple but extremely complex and powerful. There lies an investigation that this paper will start. The outcome of this paper to share knowledge within the researchers about creating new meaningful pathways in understanding globally important practice of graphic design. Art and design are universally important.
    Creator/Author:
    Turtola, Niina
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    12/06/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Empowering the Preschool Children: A Service Platform Design Aiming at the Communication of Balanced Diet Information

    1544bp120?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Childhood obesity increases the risk of obesity in adulthood and is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing in China. It is necessary to develop an intervention project for preschool children. Based on a service design project aiming at the communication of balanced diet information to the preschool children in China, this paper discusses how to take advantage of the digital platform and game-based learning to empower the preschool children. It argues for the importance of the DIKW hierarchy for empowerment. It also proposes an innovative model to involve new stakeholders into the whole system and to improve the viability of the project.
    Creator/Author:
    Zhou, Xing
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    01/09/2018
    Date Modified:
    10/15/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Taxonomy of Interactions and the Design of the Airport Passenger Screening Process

    9p290933j?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper presents a case study analysing the interactions of nine security officers during the mandatory passenger screening process at an Australian international Airport. Eye-tracking glasses were used to observe the visual, physical and verbal interactions of security officers while they performed the x-ray task. Stationary video recording devices were used to record physical and verbal interactions performed by security officers during the load, search and metal detector tasks. Six taxonomic groups were developed that define the different types of interactions performed by security officers during each task. Each taxonomic group is comprised of several discrete interactions specific to each of the tasks observed. Through analysing the composition of interactions and the relationships between interactions in different tasks, this paper highlights the prominence of interactions that security officers perform with passengers and their belongings. These interactions play an important role in the first and last stages of the passenger screening process, as well as influence the functioning of the overall passenger screening process. Due to this, they have substantial effect on passenger experience, throughput efficiency and security efficacy. In response to these findings, we draw from emerging security technologies and persuasive design principles to present potential design solutions for optimising the passenger screening process. These are presented in the context of a preliminary framework with which to inform the design of current and future passenger screening processes.
    Creator/Author:
    Mason, William ; Swann, Levi ; MacMahon, Benjamin , and Popovic, Vesna
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Systematizing Public Signage Systems for Smooth Urban Pedestrian Movement

    G445cd121?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    While it is common for landscaped and well-marked urban streets to have sufficient identification signs, which display place or street names, they often face issues regarding the provision of information (e.g., in sign placement) and inadequate orientation signs, which play an indispensable role in facilitating pedestrian movement. Insufficient signage can be partially addressed by supplementing signs with non-informational urban elements, such as streetlights or other urban features that provide different sorts of information. In order to result in smooth urban pedestrian movement, public signage systems require a balance between districts and streets and a system for presenting linked information. This study proposes that an urban element design system can be applied to the construction of public signage systems for pedestrians. There are several methods by which to accomplish this; each fulfills the needs of different districts and streets. For example, some strategies suggest ways to integrate information in areas with many urban elements, such as public signage, while others offer strategies for adding pedestrian signs and other elements alongside vehicular signs in areas with insufficient information. This article proposes a distribution graph of public signage as a concrete method for organizing the construction of public signage. Such a distribution graph is a way to visualize different distributions of sign type, and see clusters of street patterns. It is an effective way not only to planning new pedestrian signage systems, but also for revising plans with biased or insufficient signage distribution.
    Creator/Author:
    SOGABE, HARUKA and MORITA, YOSHITSUGU
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/28/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • "Fast" and "Slow" Fashions as seen through the Millennial Mindset

    Nv9352859?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The term “slow fashion” was coined by Kate Fletcher to counter the growing trend of the “fast fashion” industry. In recent years, the clothing industry has been dominated by fast fashion that has spurred overconsumption whereby people buy more than they need. This study aims to develop a critical-creative thinking framework based on the understandings and insights of how Millennials view apparel consumption. Lynda Grose and Kate Fletcher’s chapter “Transforming Fashion Product” from their book Fashion & Sustainability: Design for Change (2012) provided useful information regarding the fashion process, helping to reveal new patterns to frame how participants of this study view apparel consumption. This research investigated the way in which consumers viewed material, consumer care, and disposal of their clothing. In order to understand the Millennial mindset with regard to apparel consumption, responses were collected from over a hundred Millennials through an online survey (Phase One), where they discussed their reasons for placing themselves along a scale from slow to fast fashion. The findings uncovered a new group of consumers, the undecided+exploring, who identified with both slow and fast fashion. Valuable insights extracted from the survey informed the development of a research toolkit for a series of participatory workshops (Phase Two) with the goal to construct a conceptual model of Millennial apparel consumption. Further understanding of slow fashion, as seen through the Millennial mindset, will inspire and guide designers, manufacturers, and consumers to make more sustainable decision when developing, selling, and buying clothing items.
    Creator/Author:
    Hernández, Abel
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/23/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Finding the Expectations of Smart Home and Designing the Meaningful Technology for Delivering Customers’ Satisfaction

    Dj52w4709?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Smart home is becoming a focus in both literature and product development practices. The current study employed a human-centered design approach to understand users desires and expectations from their living context. Six critical themes were developed via in-deep interview, field observation, and data analysis. They are house as a supportive friend, atmosphere generator, theme songs for every moment, coordinator and reminder, life memory collector, and routine builder for young generations. Those concepts were partially integrated to define the value proposition for the target user group of parents with young children. This guides the design ideation and video prototyping to illustrator the user experiences. Through a focus group discussion, the design concepts were validated with six potential customers. The results also show that the design concept has the potential to motivate children’s behaviors, help to build their routine, and has the flexibility to fulfill different needs toward the changes of the family’s life cycle.
    Creator/Author:
    Chuang, Yaliang ; Chen, Yu-Shan Athena , and Chen, Lin-Lin
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • (Un)intended Value Implications of Graphical Representations of Data

    1v53jw97x?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The design of meaningful graphical objects to represent collection items must balance the following: amount of useful information that can be communicated through the object’s graphical form, meaningful graphical difference between individual items or groups of items, and restraint in form complexity to allow for the simultaneous display of numerous collection items at a small size. How the user interprets difference and sameness and, more importantly, whether the user attaches hierarchical value to the emergent categories, may play a significant role in determining whether that user focusses attention on one set of data over another, on one set of processes over another, and ultimately, on one set of tasks over another. This paper examines the significant consequences for the understanding of the user resulting from representation of data, files, and other objects in a human-computer interface (HCI), and proposes that new approaches may be indicated, given the growing complexity of what is being represented and how what is represented can be used.
    Creator/Author:
    Radzikowska, Milena and Ruecker, Stan
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Humanizing an Organization through Digital Experiences

    6w924b80w?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Student life at a large institution like University of California, Berkeley, is challenging in many ways. Along with the often extreme academic demands, students must discover and navigate numerous services while simultaneously integrating themselves into formal and informal campus communities. Historically, core student services were delivered in a piecemeal and disjointed way via a dozen or more websites. A large investment in a Student Information Systems (SIS) replacement project has since unified these service experiences through CalCentral, a Berkeley-developed service portal, and created with a significant focus on user experience design. While significant strides have been made to improve and simplify how services are delivered to students, the design team has been challenged to push their vision of the service ecosystem further, to “humanize the institution.” The vision goes through the SIS project and beyond, by first switching mindsets from service producers to service providers, and second by looking at how deeper relationships can be created digitally between students and the institution. The research, with students and different stakeholder groups, shows that beyond usability and learnability, there are greater opportunities through service design to contribute to students’ senses of agency, inclusion, connectedness and wellbeing. The design team is codifying new design principles and developing prototype experiences that look more closely at tone, behavior and contributing to a positive emotional state of mind. The service delivery through CalCentral is humanized and augmented in affirming ways, to use language that is accessible, and to guide students through complex paths.
    Creator/Author:
    Hollowgrass, Rachel ; Geuy, Bernadette , and Jylkäs, Titta
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/11/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Participatory Design for Behaviour Change: An Integrative Approach to Healthcare Quality Improvement

    Zs25x8453?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Behaviour insights have been extensively applied to public policy and service design. The potential for an expanded use of behaviour change to healthcare quality improvement has been underlined in the England’s National Health Service Five-Year Forward View report, in which staff behaviour is connected to the quality of care delivered to patients and better clinical practice (NHS, 2014). Improving the quality of healthcare service delivery involves adopting improvement cycles that are conducted by multiple agents through systematic processes of change and evaluation (Scoville et al., 2016). Despite the recognition that some of the recurring challenges to improve healthcare services are behavioural in essence, there is insufficient evidence about how behavioural insights can be successfully applied to quality improvement in healthcare. Simultaneously, the discussion on how to better engage participants in intervention design, and how to better enable participation are not seen as fundamental components of behaviour change frameworks. This paper presents an integrative approach, stemming from comprehensive literature review and an ongoing case study, in which participatory design is used as the conduit to activate stakeholder engagement in the application of a behaviour change framework, aiming to improve the processes of diagnosing and managing urinary tract infection in the emergency department of a hospital in England. Preliminary findings show positive results regarding the combined use of participatory design and behaviour change tools in the development of a shared-vision of the challenges in question, and the collaborative establishment of priorities of action, potential solution routes and evaluation strategies.
    Creator/Author:
    Carvalho, Fernando ; Jun, Gyuchan Thomas , and Mitchell, Val
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Understanding Everyday Design

    R207tp34z?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The more society gets complicated and developed, the more demand for various products. As a result, we are living in a flood of various products. However, considering how people consume and use products in their daily life, it is not difficult to find people transforming, changing the original purpose or adding value to existing products instead of buying new ones. This phenomenon has been defined as everyday design. In a sense that everyday design provides a better understanding of actual uses in real context, it deserves to be studied. Therefore, this paper attempts to figure out an underlying mechanism of everyday design. For this, a conceptual framework was developed, whose focus was on what triggers everyday design, what goals are set, and how a product is transformed. The conceptual framework was validated with a photographic inventory of users’ everyday design in our daily life. The conceptual framework could provide a better understanding of everyday design in a systematic way. If it is considered in the product development process, it could contribute to an increase of use satisfaction as well as sustainable design. The limitations and a further study are discussed at the end of the paper.
    Creator/Author:
    Kim, Soyoung; Cho, Kwangmin , and Kim, Chajoong
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A new role for designers through meta (open) design

    8336h189t?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The growing speed with which consumers discard artifacts is a significant but regrettable part of the capitalist economy. High consumption rates are accelerated by contemporary society, which is based on a model of values that link the notion of well being to profit generation and consumption of material goods. This exacerbated consumption cycle perpetuates environmental damage. In this context, proposing sustainable solutions involves new ways of thinking and doing that are distant from the practices of the current model of consumer society. This paper reflects on the necessity to implement changes into the design process, production, and consumption modalities. These changes propose a “new” role for designers as professionals, and as individuals in society at large. This research connects the concepts of metadesign and opens design- enabling system awareness. Metadesign can be considered critical and reflexive thinking about the boundaries and scope of design, but also, as the prefix “meta” implies, it can be understood as the design of the design process, in a critical and reflective way. Open design implies the openness of the design project for multiple actors (including consumers), information sharing, and building knowledge between them. As a result, design can lead to consumption modalities situated in slow culture, transforming the relationship between users and artifacts.
    Creator/Author:
    Boff Ferronato, Priscilla and Ruecker, Stan
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Collecting Insights from Experience Group Sessions™ to Better Inform Design and Strategy for a Pediatric Asthma Integrated Practice Unit

    J3860692c?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The purpose of Experience Group Sessions is to identify the health and lifestyle challenges that make it difficult for patients and families to manage chronic medical conditions. The Innovation Engine at Carolinas HealthCare System worked with pediatricians to identify and recruit patients with chronic asthma. Experience Group Sessions were a way for families and patients to share their experiences managing asthma and allowed facilitators to gather insights about what does and does not happen in their daily lives. The key themes and quotes collected from the Experience Group Sessions were grouped into three categories of outcomes that define success with health: capability, comfort and calm. The results of the analysis were shared with the workgroup to inform the design and strategy for an integrated practice unit. Integrated practice units are intended to bring together a full range of providers and services to specifically address a certain medical condition, in this case, pediatric asthma at Carolinas HealthCare System. This integrated practice model will be reorganized around patient-centered care and value to improve overall health for children with asthma.
    Creator/Author:
    Baek, Sally
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Conference Exhibit: Dread & Desire- Urban Futures at the Scale of the Human Body

    Mk61rg97b?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    It was late on a Friday evening. A great time to avoid crowds. Most people were dining and drinking, absorbing the city’s capacity for pleasure, or maybe relaxing at home. That left the supermarket to me and others whose lives are synchronized differently. But as I stumbled my way through those harshly lit corridors of obscene American consumption, I realized I was among some highly unusual company. In every aisle, there were people—people?—clad in blue uniforms with devices attached to their forearms and fingertips, cables and wires dangling, each methodically filling large specialized carts. These were not shoppers like me. They were employees of the grocery chain operating— operated by?—new software for online ordering and curbside pickup. Surely, this wasn’t such a strange scene in contemporary stores around the world. Yet, it did raise strange—radical? — possibilities: a specter of “before” for an unforeseeable and potentially unpleasant “after.” The unity of the human and the machine, not implanted but merged in the operation, made me wonder: Are they cyborgs? Incipient cyborgs? Is this still a supermarket? Or an altogether different kind of space? One in the process of becoming? But becoming what? The image that flashed to mind was that of an Amazon fulfillment center: a million acres of non-stop conveyor belts with robots finding and retrieving machine-labeled products and filling yellow bins under the supervision of a handful of humans. Robotic automation creating efficiency while eliminating the unpredictable and unproductive complexities of human labor and interactions. Perhaps, supermarkets are undergoing a transformation from spaces where humans browse, compare, select, and purchase to cyborg-operated warehouses. Perhaps this rapid and fundamental revision of function is an inevitable result of the increasing rate of technical reformation of everyday life. Then again, perhaps my lucid vision of this scene as a new-reality- becoming is an example of what has been called “dystopian imagination”—an imaginary projection of “ethical and political concern” [Baccolini & Moylan, 2]. Or maybe it’s only a personal paranoia about the brave new world unfolding.
    Creator/Author:
    Wizinsky, Matthew
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    01/23/2018
    Date Modified:
    04/24/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Research on the user behavior between China and USA elderly people in public space

    Gf06g267d?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The user experience difference between China and USA elderly people in using public space was discussed in this paper based on the questionnaire process. 1960 elderly people were selected from the four cities in Shanghai (China), Wuxi (China), New York City (USA), Cincinnati (USA) to complete the questionnaire, and the result shows the similarities and differences between the elderly people in China and USA. That is: The using frequency of the public space for the former is much higher than the later; the main purpose of the former in public space is sports and fitness, and relaxation is the chief choice of the later; weather condition and easy communication are the key factors for former to participate in public space, while timing is that for the later; all the elderly people in the two countries are favorite on the sports and fitness, but the party chatting is the feature of the former and the sightseeing is the feature of the later; the facility requirement is the most important attributes for the former to the public space, and the interaction design is the unique demands of the later, while the former had no interests on that demands. In the end, the reason for all the similarities and differences were analyzed in this paper, and the culture, the economics, as well as the politics factors were discussed in detail.
    Creator/Author:
    Wei, Na and Xin, XiangYang
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Mapping for Mindsets of Possibility During Home Downsizing

    D791sg170?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    How can design orient people to an expanded sense of future possibility? Design researchers are beginning to recognize design’s potential role not solely in producing products, services and strategies but, instead, in shifting mindsets and behaviors. This shift requires a different view of the design practice, from engaging users to gather insights to be implemented, to that process as the actual material of the design. Borrowing from the framework of practice-oriented design, a first step in these processes is expanding participants’ understanding of future possibilities. In opening future possibilities, one recognizes an expanded range of futures and, ideally, engages in dialog with other people and their range of possibilities. This paper introduces mapping activities that are intended to reframe participants’ perception of possible futures. This study conducted pilot workshops with participants who were downsizing their home and struggling with decisions about their things and spaces. This paper argues that working with people already engaged in life transitions such as downsizing presents a rich opportunity for these futuring methods, as they are already beginning to grapple with designing for possible futures. These methods provide a stake in the ground for future exploration of potential methods to engender mindsets of possibility and engage in trialing methods like living labs.
    Creator/Author:
    Otto, Lisa
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A New Method for Project-Based Learning in International Design Workshop Setting

    M326m174z?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Design oriented educational institution around the world, project based learning is well practiced in local setting as well as global setting. Communication is one of the significant aspect in this learning settings. Currently, many design projects are implemented by members beyond their belonging organization, creating difficulties in face to face communication, especially when members are in different countries. This study proposes a new method for project-based learning in design education program implemented on international design workshop and discuss about outcome through empirical program. This method is composed in three phases. First phase is online pre-workshop session using SLACK, where each member do their own researching and surveying on the specific topic related to the project, share and discuss them with other members. The second phase is face to face workshop, which all members gather in one place to work on the project intensively to make their group design proposal. The lastly in the post workshop phase, each member get back online to make reflection on the project, feedback them on the proposal, and make improvements. Also, compile and publish a project reports on the overall program for documentation. Through out the program, SLACK platform is used for basic communication and sharing data and information. S This program are operated in an international design workshop called “Global Design Workshop” of Chiba Institute of Technology(CIT, Chiba, Japan), with students from Chiba University(CU, Chiba, Japan) and Tunghai University(THU, Taichung, Taiwan) . The theme of the workshop was “New work place, space, style using IoT technologies.
    Creator/Author:
    Oda, Hirokazu; Inasaka, Akiyoshi; Nagao, Toru, and Ishizuka, Akio
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/01/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Setting the Course: Instilling, Comprehension, Curation, and Implementation of Research in Four year, College Graphic Design Programs

    Tb09j5643?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Graphic design students require a foundation in understanding, utilizing and conducting research. The discipline would benefit from standards for quantitative, qualitative, mixedmethods and practical approaches to graphic design-specific research. This paper examines the role of graphic design research in college-level graphic design pedagogy. This study is motivated by two research questions: [1] what theoretical analysis and practical approaches to graphic design research are graphic design educators currently implementing? [2] How can college-level graphic design educators build a culture of research literacy in graphic design baccalaureate programs? Literature describing the theoretical and practical instruction of graphic design research in college-level graphic design education is limited. The intention of this study is to advance the understanding of how graphic design educators define and implement graphic design research, first through qualitative analysis of a survey of four-year, graphic design degree program professors across the U.S. followed by in-depth interviews with published educators practicing research. The study’s interviews elaborate on the specifics of graphic design research through the lenses of professors developing and implementing graphic design research in four-year undergraduate programs, in their own practices, and in the discipline-wide conversation and study of graphic design research itself. In the study’s conclusion, potential future research is discussed.
    Creator/Author:
    Dersch, Madonna G.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • From ANT to Material agency: a design and science research workshop

    6h440s441?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper studies a design workshop that investigates complex collaboration between fundamental physics and design. Our research focuses on how students create original artefacts that bridge the gap between disciplines that have very little in common. Our goal is to study the micro-evolutions of their projects. Elaborating first on Actor Network Theory (Latour, 1996; 2005) we study how students’ projects evolved over time and through a diversity of inputs and media. Throughout this longitudinal study, we use then a semiotic and pragmatic approach to observe three “aesthetical formations”: translation, composition, and stabilization. These formations suggest that the question of material agency developed in the field of archeology and cognitive science (Knappett & Malafouris, 2008) need to be considered in the design field (Renon, 2016) to explain metamorphoses from the brief to the final realizations.
    Creator/Author:
    Gentes, Annie; Renon, Anne-Lyse, and Bobroff, Julien
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/30/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Qualities of Public Health. Towards an Analysis of Aesthetic Features of Public Policies

    P5547r392?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Design is gaining popularity as a way to address complex social problems in various fields of practices. Strangely, public health which, by nature, is concerned by such kinds of problems, remains foreign to this way of thinking. Building on the increasing popularity of design in policy making, we stress that public health could also benefit from this conceptual yet pragmatic framework. To open a critical perspective about the potential of design for public health, we examine four design projects that address social determinants of health and whose outcomes promotes healthy living habits. Finally, we argue that the interest of design for public health lies on its concern for the users’ æsthetic experience emerging of its encounter with the touchpoints that embody health policies. This contribution ought to act as a stepping stone to open a debate about design as offering a critical perspective for the practice and study of public health.
    Creator/Author:
    Proulx, Sébastien ; Gauthier, Philippe , and Hamarat, Yaprak
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    01/12/2018
    Date Modified:
    01/16/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Mapping Communication Design through the Web

    1544bp11q?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Design is by nature an interdisciplinary, dynamic, and fluid discipline (Cross, 1982; Friedman, 2003). To define what design is has proved to be a very difficult—if not impossible and meaningless—exercise (Friedman, 2000), making also the understanding of the evolution of both the design discipline and practice a complex challenge. A rapidly changing technological landscape increases the breadth of design both in geographical terms and by extending to new domains, merging with different and new disciplines. Communication Design especially, being closer to the information and the media spheres, is the most sensitive and receptive design area. Communication Design finds online a fertile ground for its growth and developments, thus the online environment and the Web especially can be explored, dug, and mapped as mirrors of that evolution. The aim of our research is to map through the Web the complexity of the intersections between design as a discipline and design as a field of practice. Our exploration and representation of the online design territory covered four online environments: Behance, Wikipedia, Google, and the websites of the top one hundred design universities. The study has been conducted by using digital, statistical, and visualization methods. This exploration seeks neither to confirm theories nor predict the future, rather, it wants to make explicit and observable what Communication Design has become today. It aims to screenshot the state of the art, the emerging paths, in order to understand where and how it is going to develop. The attempt is to make design as a complex phenomenon visible, through the construction of a set of maps and representations for professors, students, and associations. These representations are tools to trigger reflections on the discipline
    Creator/Author:
    De Rossi, Giulia and Ciuccarelli, Paolo
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    01/09/2018
    Date Modified:
    10/15/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Design pedagogy in symbology: denotative and connotative interpretation

    3j333225q?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This study introduces a new perspective on the design pedagogy in learning symbol design. A new experimental discipline implemented by the design methods demonstrates positive learning outcomes for students on the development of symbol study. Understanding denotative and connotative interpretation in visual literacy is essential in order to convey not only a clear message but also distinctive recognition as the nature of symbol quality. Students executed design experiments with design theories and methods for understanding design fundamentals of the denotative symbol and explored a matrix table for cultivating connotative symbols. This pedagogical strategy applied to the expansion of visual concepts with progressive experiments on each stage; 1) analyzing perceptive characteristics, 2) simplifying visual construction, 3) developing a visual concept with connotative meaning, and 4) configuring visual balance and enhanced quality based on design principles. With examples of student outcomes, this paper explains an analysis of functional expression and interpretation applied by design methods. This study discovered that earlier teaching of design fundamental disciplines with theories and methods in the graphic design major gave students better opportunities to pursue their further study more effectively and productively.
    Creator/Author:
    Seo, Sang-Duck
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • The Development of Modern Design Methods through an Actor-Network Theory (ANT) Analysis of the Pre-modern Social Customs of Japan

    Sq87bt630?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    We analyze life in urban district on the outskirts of Tokyo by ANT. This research is used to identify social and technological elements that are regarded as essential in the modern day and to develop methods that will link to a practical approach. Our presentation describes these methods in detail. We believe that it may be possible to identify particularly important elements in design methods that respond to the complications of the modern day in early modern wisdom and customs, which until now have been overlooked. Today, as the foundations of social norms and traditions that have previously been regarded as self-evident are swaying and the risk society is advancing, these new design methods can be used to respond to an array of issues with a high degree of complication, such as the deterioration of the mental environment and environmental problems without any discernible solution. Since the modern era began, design has solved social problems through the development of objects and systems. However, in terms of the problems stated above, it can also be pointed out that design is both unable to suggest basic solutions and, in addition, forms a part of the social structures that cause these problems. Approaches that follow laws of causality tied to modern methodology cannot be applied to complicated problems where the relationship between cause and effect is unclear. The use of new design methods makes it possible to decipher complicated relationships and apply pre-modern systems to modern life.
    Creator/Author:
    Miyata, Masako ; Nambu, Ryuichi , and Mizuuchi, Tomohide
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/23/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Designing Physical Interventions to Improve Gestural Interactions with Science Simulations

    Mk61rg94h?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper explores the collaborative process of designing a physical object to support a National Science Foundation funded educational research project. Researchers involved with this project are exploring the ways in which gesture can aid in a explanations of science phenomena, particularly ones that have unseen structures and unobservable mechanisms. In order to manipulate the science simulations, a motion sensitive device captures students’ hand gestures. It can be difficult for students to know how to engage with this device, which impedes both student learning and associated research. In order to reduce usability challenges and enhance the connection between a student’s gestures and the scientific concepts presented on the simulation screen, a collaborative and iterative design process was conducted to create a designed form that would assist students in productively engaging with the simulations. The iterative development process of this project is an exemplar of how designed items can be developed to support multidisciplinary research projects, while also creating new fields of research. Future exploration of this device’s impact on student interaction and learning may bring to light how objects can change how people gesture in learning contexts, leaving a lasting imprint on their understanding and memory.
    Creator/Author:
    Lindgren, Robb and Henderson, Amanda
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/12/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A Study on Design for Diagnostic Tool for Language Processing Ability with Aging - Focused on ‘Verb naming’

    Qb98mf449?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The deterioration of linguistic abilities is a natural phenomenon along with aging. Therefore, various assessment tools have been developed to measure linguistic abilities of seniors and diagnose degenerative diseases such as dementia. Although most of the tools are composed of images, there are not many studies focusing on the visual design, which could significantly affect performance of the subject. In this regard, this research aims to suggest a design guideline for linguistic ability assessment tools concerning the key characteristics of the elderly, focusing on visual contents and interface. Existing related researches were mostly conducted in English speaking countries. In order to assess the language processing abilities of Korean-speaking elders more accurately, it is necessary to develop language processing assessment tools that reflect the unique linguistic features and structure of the Korean language. Regarding the existing tools, there is a lack of research on aging, focusing on ‘verb naming. In the literature review section, the paper investigated the physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics of the elderly and extracted the key elements to consider when designing for the elderly. Also, design principles were found based on case studies and problem analysis of the existing assessment tools for language processing abilities. Lastly, we created a prototype model using ‘verb naming.’ Using the model, we have conducted an experiment and comparative analysis between different age groups to verify the validity of contents. In conclusion, we provided a design guideline for visual contents and interface of linguistic assessment tools, focusing on elderly users.
    Creator/Author:
    Choi, Yoo Mi and Kim, You Ri
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Discourses on Japanese lifestyle in early modern design: A turning point from Westernization to modern design

    Cj82k728n?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Low-seated chairs for tatami mats that are characteristic of Japanese-style interior appeared after late 1940s. This article focuses on the ambivalence between Western lifestyles and Japanese lifestyles by tracing the comments of designers, critics, magazines, and so forth to clarify a background of them. The introduction of chairs in Japan was actually involved, by definition, in a dichotomy between sitting on the floor and in chairs, which therefore was far from the domestic practicality of lifestyles among the public. Then we have to observe the two points for the introduction of chairs to break through this rigid situation: (1) how did the public establish definition of chairs outside the Westernization? This article grasps the fact that the artisans and early designers accumulated their experience of producing chairs from scratch, through trial and error. (2) How did the relation between sitting on the floor and in chairs break out of the dichotomy, through ambivalence? This article focuses on the fact that the public enjoyed the physical relaxation offered by the mix of sitting on the floor and in chairs. This constituted the domestic practicality of chairs for the Japanese. Therefore, such experiences of making and using chairs can be summarized as the awakening of a universe in the distance between the floor and the seat-height of Western chairs. It was a new frontier for Japanese designers, and low-seated chairs were born in this space. This article concludes that it marked the transition from Westernization to Japanese modern design.
    Creator/Author:
    Ishikawa, Yoshimune
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/14/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Sensory Reflection towards Product Design Ideation

    V405s938k?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    As humans’ information processing abilities, have become more and more disconnected from their senses due to an increasing quantity of abstract information, so have design processes. There is a demand for designers to include human sensation as part of engaging product forms and experiences. This qualitative case study explores the role of senses and their potential use in design ideation. A literature review of related theoretical and pragmatic perspectives and a survey of 15-20 product examples that provide unique sensory experiences are analyzed and sorted through four sensory design strategies: Sensory Augmentation, Conversion, Transition and Isolation. Using the four strategies as core concepts, a Sensory Reflective Framework with a mindful focus on sensory appreciation and translation is proposed to support designers’ ideation in creating unique product forms and experiences. The paper reports the process and findings of a sensory ideation workshop which was conducted based on the framework, and further discusses the development and implications of the framework in supporting designers’ sensory ideation.
    Creator/Author:
    Daiello, Vittoria ; Prabhakar, Pratiksha, and Jung, Heekyoung
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Interaction between client and design consultant: The stance of client to design consultant and its influence on design process

    3n203z12q?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Design is essential in product development but several small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) relatively capable of manufacturing are suffered from lack of in-house design ability. For new product design, these SMEs typically employ external designers. In this clientdesigner interaction, designers propose design solution alternatives to their clients, which clients may accept or reject. In some cases, clients provide designers further design requirements. A study on how interactions are performed and what effects these interactions have on the results of product development is essential to determine what is needed to achieve successful collaborative relationships. Thus, this study analyzed three design development cases that were previously performed to understand how interactions work between clients and designers and its effect on the outcomes. In all cases, the design team developed designs for the clients based on their technological requirements. This study focused on the effect of client stance on the process and deliverables. Clients usually take various actions that accept or reject design solutions or give additional demands. This is because clients take initiative in decision making. Clients' stance was divided into receptive and expressive stances. As a result, a receptive stance ensured the design capabilities of design consultants, whereas expressive stance confined design capabilities to some extent but a new design direction may be proposed based on a client's knowledge, information, and judgment.
    Creator/Author:
    Lee, Haebin
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Building capacities to author change: community-based participatory design as a form of positive youth development and adolescent sexual and reproductive health care intervention design

    Qb98mf45k?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The term “community-based participatory design” (CBPD) recently emerged as a distinctive space in the Participatory Design tradition (DiSalvo, Clement & Pipek, 2013; LeDantec, 2016). This move marks a shift from treating the process of design primarily as a product development method, to one that builds social and technical capacities – or infrastructures – of individuals and communities (Björgvinsson, Ehn, & Hillgren 2010; Karasti 2014; LeDantec 2016). This paper describes participant gains from a design workshop conducted as part of a research collaboration involving a university-based research center, and four NGOs, the participatory design workshop aimed to: (1) build the capacities of young people; (2) guide young people in the creation of novel and locally relevant gender and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) solutions; and, (3) bring voices of young people into research and programmatic questions around gender and SRH in the public health domain. The workshop was conducted with 31 young people aged 15-25, over 2.5 weeks, in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The evaluation demonstrates that the workshop resulted in exposure to working in mixed-gender teams, developing problem-solving skills, and increasing SRH awareness and knowledge. The workshop produced six low-fidelity prototypes, five of which were subsequently refined and piloted by three Lucknow NGOs.
    Creator/Author:
    Gilliam, Melissa; Geppert, Amanda; Bansal, Suchi, and Yan, Shirley
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/23/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Beyond Forecasting: A Design-inspired Foresight Approach for Preferable Futures

    Ks65hc20t?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper engages with the literature to present different perspectives between forecasting and foresight in strategic design, while drawing insights derived from futures studies that can be applied in form of a design-inspired foresight approach for designers and interdisciplinary innovation teams increasingly called upon to help envisage preferable futures. Demonstrating this process in applied research, relevant examples are drawn from a 2016 Financial Services industry futures study to the year 2030. While the financial services industry exemplifies an ideal case for design-inspired foresight, the aims of this paper are primarily to establish the peculiarities between traditional forecasting applications and a design-inspired foresight visioning approach as strategic design activities for selecting preferable futures. Underlining the contribution of this paper is the value of design futures thinking as a creative and divergent thought process, which has the potential to respond to the much broader organizational reforms needed to sustain in today’s rapidly evolving business environment (Buchanan, 2015; Irmak, 2005; Muratovski, 2016).
    Creator/Author:
    Koskinen, Ilpo and Buhring, Jorn
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/15/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Nature-inspired organizational design framework for open collaboration platform development

    05741r701?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Over the last two decades, for-profit and non-for-profit organizations have increasingly adopted open collaboration, such as open innovation and crowdsourcing, as a strategy for innovation. Information and communication technology (ICT) has played a major role in forming open collaboration communities, but organizational design also needs to be considered to encourage the active participation and collaboration of actors. Nonetheless, organizational design aspect has seldom been addressed in developing open collaboration platforms. In this research, an organizational design framework for open collaboration was developed through a nature-inspired design approach. This framework suggests that the self-organization mechanism of social insects provides inspirations for the design of the platform, especially in terms of setting simple rules to induce behaviors of the actors and facilitating interactions among them. Since the open collaboration strategy depends on external actors who are not in employment relationship, an organization cannot force their contribution. Accordingly, the organization’s capability to induce the spontaneous participation of actors is essential, and it implies the potential role of designers in platform design based on a thorough understanding of actors. We thus claim that designers can bring a new perspective to organizational design. Open collaboration platforms serve as an exemplar in which designers contribute to the design of an organizational environment that fosters collaboration.
    Creator/Author:
    Baek, Joon Sang and Kim, Sojung
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Collaborating Design Risk

    44558d306?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The “Safety Grand Challenge” is a collaborative research project between the Royal College of Art (RCA) School of Design, and the Lloyd's Register Foundation (LRF). The maritime industry is dominated by “grandfathering” leading to a slow-pace of adopting innovations that can reduce risk and save lives at sea. We describe how impact was achieved through collaboration and design innovations that bridged the risk gap between technologies and human behaviours. Starting from the project brief we designed a collaborative platform that supported a constructive dialogue between academia and partner organisations that aimed to foster innovative design approaches to risk and safety. The project generated an engaged community with diverse expertise that influenced the outcomes which included seven prototypes designed by a group of thirty students from across the RCA. Throughout the course of the project the network extended to other partners beyond the initial ones that included the RCA, LRF and Royal National Lifeboat Institution. The “Safety Grand Challenge” demonstrates how research can be an explorative platform that offers opportunities to analyse and design solutions to real life safety problems in mature industries through the prototypes that reflect the sophistication of the project’s collaborations. Our conclusions support how design research helped identify the value of design for safety in tackling complex issues that intertwine human, environmental and commercial views and can shape new forms of collaborative research between academia and industrial partners.
    Creator/Author:
    Lee, Chang Hee ; Hall, Ashley; Kann, Mike , and Ferrarello, Laura
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • An Interdisciplinary Exploration of an Analog Tool to Elicit Socio-Cultural Narratives

    Bn999675p?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Eliciting multiple stakeholder narratives is a critical factor when designing systems, services or products. This research explores how the use of an analog tool (the picture postcard) in the digital age can be used to elicit socio-cultural stories to support design for ‘social practice’. The process combines people and things by using a participatory design approach and material culture studies to design, explore and analyze the complex nature of interactions between social ideals and the artefact. The study emphasizes ‘slow immersion and design’ by creating prolonged interactions that allow people to sit with someone else’s perspective while also introspecting about their own. In an age of echo-chambers, the research examines the impact of reducing the risk of fragmentation (where people assign themselves into homogenous groups leading to an amplification of pre-existing views (Sunstein, 2001)) on participants’ ability to generate and sustain a healthy exchange of honest, social narratives. The research findings reveal a deep bonding between participants and a reduction of implicit biases that initiates a broader range of discussions within a given socio-cultural topic. The space for ‘elastic interaction’ (articulation of ideas without fear of judgment; when and how they want it to be expressed) allows honest thoughts to manifest. The findings also reveal that this process slowly allows for an empathetic acceptance of another’s perspectives. The poster illustrates the research through these various approaches: the process of slow immersion and design research with a combination of postcard exchanges, one-on-one interviews and participatory design research activities to help elicit the stories for a sociocultural co-design space.
    Creator/Author:
    Venkataraman, Hemalatha
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    02/12/2018
    Date Modified:
    02/12/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Expert Opinion on the Barriers to Communicating Excellent Research in

    44558d29f?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Effective university-industry collaboration has become a major focus for governments in recent years. Universities are increasingly expected to play a greater role in the innovation system and evidence their contribution to economic development. At the same time, the growth in research quality assessment exercises makes it imperative that the excellence of research conducted in commercially-driven activities can be appropriately evaluated. This paper explores the challenge of reconciling commercially-focused activity and research quality assessment in design. Semi- structured interviews were conducted with thirteen experts including representatives from the design discipline, other applied academic disciplines, research quality assessment leaders and commercial designers. The interviews identified a number of barriers to demonstrating research excellence in commercially-driven projects. These were classified as barriers resulting from: the nature of industry/academic relationships; the nature of the project; and the nature of the research quality assessment. It is concluded that there is a need to build a simple, easily usable framework for assessing the research potential of commercially-driven design projects from the outset to ensure that the appropriate processes are put in place to communicate research conducted within them.
    Creator/Author:
    Beverley, Katie ; Walters, Andrew , and Al Batlouni, Dana
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • IASDR 2017 Conference Proceedings

    Np193916n?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Document
    Description/Abstract:
    Full papers submitted
    Creator/Author:
    Alberto, Lora
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/14/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/14/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • The Extent of Transformation: Measuring the Impact of Design in Voluntary Community Sector Organisations

    M900nt41q?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    A Design for Service (DfS) approach has been linked with impacts that significantly alter touchpoints, services and organisational culture. However, there is no model with which to assess the extent to which these impacts can be considered transformational. In the absence of such a model, the authors have reviewed literature on subjects including the transformational potential of design; characteristics of transformational design; transformational change; and organisational change. From this review, six indicators of transformational change in design projects have been identified: evidence of non-traditional transformative design objects; evidence of a new perspective; evidence of a community of advocates; evidence of design capability; evidence of new power dynamics; and evidence of new organisational standards. These indicators, along with an assessment scale, have been used to succesfully review the findings from a doctoral study exploring the impact of the DfS approach in Voluntary Community Sector (VCS) organisations. This paper presents this model as a first-step to establishing a method to helpfully gauge the extent of transformational impact in design projects.
    Creator/Author:
    Warwick, Laura and Young, Robert
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    03/01/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Preserving Public Health: A Literature Review

    5m60qr91n?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    We recognize our past—history and heritage—as crucial to who we are (Grenville, 2007; Lowenthal, 2008; Nietzsche, 1874/1980). Significant regulatory and popular effort is expended in protecting places, buildings, and behaviors that link us to this past. International governance organizations recognize free association with history as a fundamental human right (e.g., Blake, 2011). Tangible representations of the past (e.g., objects, buildings, landscapes) are preserved as reminders of this past. Given the broad agreement that connections to the past are important parts of human existence, what are the connections between individuals’ security in knowledge of their own history and measures of public health? The literature connecting preservation and public health is neither direct nor voluminous. A search for literature revealed a gap in knowledge about ways that preservation and public health relate. While some literature demonstrates possible connections between the two fields, no identified articles argue for the connection. Two examples from the preservation literature (Appler, 2015; Kearney & Bradley, 2015) explain situations where preservation issues have affected public health concerns, but do not acknowledge public health as part of their discussion. This exploratory essay briefly outlines core principles of public health and a review of literature from the public health and preservation and heritage fields that aligns with these principles. The essay concludes targeted research into the relationship preservation-public health is needed.
    Creator/Author:
    Orthel, Bryan D.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/04/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Scaffold for designing modern products by reinterpreting the technique and philosophy of traditional crafts

    Pc289j050?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The technique and philosophy of traditional crafts are relevant aspects of our culture that should be passed on to future generations. However, using traditional crafts in modern life in their original form can be a challenge. It is essential to reinterpret them in the modern context, keeping the essence of tradition. For this purpose, we conducted case studies of Koishiwara and Yame in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, where Japanese traditional crafts are still manufactured. We used Koishiwara Pottery and Yame-Fukushima Buddhist Altar manufacturing as our investigation objects, conducted studies on their historical background and performed detailed observations of manufacturing techniques and processes. Thereafter, we developed the concept of “KATA” in Japanese, generally translated as type or prototype. “KATA” has several other meanings; in this study, we subdivided the concept into three elements, namely, shape, pattern, and style. We used “KATA” to build a framework to be used as a scaffold to help analyze the techniques and background of traditional crafts and reinterpret them to design products in the modern context. Based on reinterpretations, we developed a series of prototypes of modern tableware with the essential techniques of traditional crafts to verify the usefulness of the framework.
    Creator/Author:
    Ikeda, Minako
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Biometrics For Babies- Human Centered Technology Design to support infant immunization and healthcare delivery in resource limited settings.

    B8515n36q?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Identifying Infants can be harder than it seems. Particularly in remote and limited resources settings, rapid and accurate identification of infants presents an unsolved complex sociotechnical problem. Imagine a long line of caregivers, each carrying several children, waiting outside in heat and humidity for required vaccinations. Caregivers may only know the infant's given names: how can the they be identified for record keeping? Vaccination cards are notoriously unreliably and easily lost, mistakes abound. Recent technologycentered attempts th In order to develop a new, infant-centered solution from the ground up, we assembled a diverse team of engineers, clinicians, ethnographers and designers and followed a Human Centered Design (HCD) approach of ethnography, rapid prototyping and testing. We examined all common modalities used in adult biometrics-- ear, iris, retina, face, foot, palm and finger recognition and compared technical feasibility, usability and acceptability for the infant use case. We prototyped many infant-centric devices and arrived at lead candidates using modified contact vs non contact palm and finger scanning. Frequent design-test cycles were critical as the complexity and changing nature of infant physiology, behavior and caregiver dynamics could not be predicted, only tested with subjects. This was compounded by moving targets of evolving infant-centric software, hardware and device design. In summary, we report here an HCD based approach to infant biometrics. We developed and tested robust, socially acceptable technologies that adapt to the tiny, sensitive yet changing fingers of very young infants.
    Creator/Author:
    Forster, Deborah and Demolder, Carl
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Surveying Stakeholders: Research Informing Design Curriculum

    44558d285?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Fundamental to design education is the creation and structure of curriculum. Neither the creation of design curriculum, nor the revaluation of existing curriculum is well documented. With no clear documentation of precedent, best practices are left open to debate. This paper and presentation will discuss the use of a survey as a research tool to assess existing curriculum at Iowa State University in the United States. This tool allowed the needs and perspectives of the program’s diverse stakeholders to be better understood. Utilizing survey methods, research revealed the convergence and divergence of stakeholders’ philosophies, theories and needs in relation to design curriculum. Accreditation and professional licensing provide base level of guidelines for design curriculum in the United States. However, each program’s curricular structure beyond these guidelines is a complicated balance of resources, facilities, faculty, and the type of institution in which it is housed. Once established, a program’s curriculum is rarely reassessed as a whole, but instead updated with the hasty addition of classes upon an existing curricular structure. Curriculum is infrequently re-addressed, and when it is, it is typically based on the experience and opinions of a select group of faculty. This paper presents how a survey was developed to collect data to inform curricular decision- making, enabling the reduction of faculty bias and speculation in the process. Lessons learned from the development of this research tool will be shared so it might be replicated at other institutions, and be efficiently repeated periodically to ensure currency of a program’s curriculum.
    Creator/Author:
    Quam, Andrea
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Developing design criteria for iPad stands to meet the needs of older adults in group settings

    Bk128991k?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper details the evaluation process undertaken to create criteria for the development of an iPad stand for elderly users. Emphasis is on the requirements elicitation stage with end users in the field. 32 elderly participants taking part in the activity group as part of the Ageing-Well program of a City Council in a cosmopolitan area in Australia were part of an evaluation in which three existing iPad stands were trialled. While commercially available stands are abundant, specific problems such as reduced grip, basic technical understanding of the stand, and concerns surrounding stability were encountered within the group. Observation and semi-structured interviews were undertaken with the cohort to determine factors surrounding the suitability and uptake of these stands by elderly users – most of them with some disabilities - with findings suggesting that current tablet stands require fine levels of dexterity, which may not be appropriate for elderly users where such a device is needed. While usability in setting up the stand and use is a strong factor, aesthetics and material qualities are equally important for enjoyable use. In addition, the use of iPads in social activities between two or more older adults has specific demands in terms of visibility of screen, sturdiness and easy movement that is not considered by current tablet stands. The paper ends with proposing design recommendations. Further research is required to develop a suitable solution and refines these
    Creator/Author:
    Beh, Jeanie ; Renda, Gianni ; Wright, Emily , and Pedell, Sonja
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    01/16/2018
    Date Modified:
    01/16/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Co-creation supporting collaboration across cultural contexts: Recommendations for improving in flight packaging for ageing populations

    Tq57nr00k?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Increasingly universities are adopting a collaborative approach to ensure research outcomes have industry-relevant impact. This collaboration has known challenges given the complexity of the process which requires successful negotiation across the needs of various stakeholders, disciplinary knowledges and cultural contexts. A co-creation approach in collaborative research can assist in navigating these challenges by empowering all stakeholders including industry, the academy and the community. This paper presents a case study of an industry engaged research project that employed this approach. Partnering with a northern European international airline and universities from Australia and Singapore, the project investigated opportunities for innovation around the ageing population’s user experience with in-flight packaging. Applying case study method, data collected included in-flight observations, expert interviews, co-creation workshops and prototyping. Challenges as well as opportunities are identified around how the co-creation approach supported the industry relevant outcomes of the project. The findings suggest that co-creation supports better outcomes for collaboration across the complexity of industry engaged cross-cultural research projects.
    Creator/Author:
    Wright, Emily
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    01/09/2018
    Date Modified:
    01/12/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Opening a Design Education Pipeline from University to K-12 and Back

    F1881k909?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    To prepare students to imagine desirable futures amidst current planetary level challenges, design educators must think and act in new ways. In this paper, we describe a pilot study that illustrates how educators might teach K-12 students and university design students to situate their making within transitional times in a volatile and exponentially changing world. We describe how to best situate students to align design thinking and learning with future foresight. Here we present a pilot test and evaluate how a university-level Dexign Futures course content, approach, and scaffolded instructional materials – can be adapted for use in K-12 Design Learning Challenges. We describe the K-12 design-based learning challenges/experiences developed and implemented by the Design Learning Network (DLN). The Dexign Futures course we describe in this paper is a required course for third year undergraduate students in the School of Design at Carnegie Mellon University. The “x” signifies a different type of design that aligns short-term action with long-term goals. The course integrates design thinking and learning with long-horizon future scenario foresight. Broadly speaking, we ask how might portions of a design course be taught and experienced by teachers and students of two different demographics: within the university (Design Undergraduates) and in K-12 (via DLN). This pilot study is descriptive in nature; in future work, we seek to assess learning outcomes across university and K-12 courses. We believe the approach described is relevant for lifelong learners (e.g., post- graduate-level, career development, transitional adult education).
    Creator/Author:
    Wells-Papanek, Doris ; Wasserman, Arnold ; Brooks, Judy , and Scupelli, Peter
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/30/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Applying Design Thinking for Business Model Innovation for a Nonprofit Organization – Case Study: Art á la Carte

    Rb68xb87r?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The challenges facing many small nonprofit organizations are increasing at a greater rate than the internal capacities of many within this sector are able to address effectively. This situation has small nonprofits questioning their sustainability and ability to deliver their services in the long term. Often these small nonprofit organizations are working within a business model and communications paradigm that has remained unchanged for decades and one which is proving no longer effective in attracting awareness, engagement, and support. Many of these organizations are facing a critical failure requiring significant business model innovation to achieve both their short-, mid- and long-term goals. Design thinking is an avenue for nonprofits to achieve business model innovation by developing new, unique concepts supporting an organization’s viability and the processes for bringing those concepts to fruition. This case study outlines the design thinking process applied to business model innovation for a small, 22-year old, nonprofit approaching critical business failure.
    Creator/Author:
    Miyauchi, Alison and Cressman, Scott
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Design Infrastructuring Toward A Utopian Economy

    Rj430454t?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The political rhetoric of today economy has framed innovation as reproduced and reserved by specific people in specific locations. This framing has shaped the discourse of who is deserving and who is not deserving and gradually sets the foundation of social discrimination, inequality, and exploitation as part of the neoliberal economy. Given the claim that entrepreneurs are inventing the future, this paper envisions alternative futures in which performing economy contributes to socio-technical transformation. To that end, this paper focuses on two community- based initiatives in Chicago that their contribution to economy is not recognized due to incompatibility with mainstream narrative. In these counter-hegemonic exemplars, different but potentially related future-making practices occur; they are shifting the emphasize from individual entrepreneur to a collective economic development and moving forward the discussion of entrepreneurship to the kind of society and the kinds of citizens that it is creating. By conducting ethnographic study on these exemplars, patterns have emerged that are informative to design strategies for infrastructuring and socio-material negotiations.
    Creator/Author:
    Heidaripour, Maryam
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/21/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Cultural Differences in Aesthetic Preferences: Does Product-to-Context Match Matter?

    Ks65hc22c?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Western cultures focus on salient objects and use categorization for purposes of organizing the environment (an analytic view), whereas, East Asians cultures focus more holistically on relationships and similarities among objects when organizing the environment (a holistic view). Previous research has shown that cognitive approaches differ between cultures: European Americans prefer an analytic style, and East Asians tend to use a holistic style. However, little is known about how cultural differences in cognition relate to aesthetic preferences. In this paper, we explored whether cultural differences arise in preferences for products set in matching vs. mismatching contexts. Participants in a laboratory experiment included European Americans and East Asians. Individually, they viewed images of a variety of furniture products (chairs, coffee tables, and floor lamps) and rated their aesthetic appeal. Each product type appeared in three different contexts: matching (target product shown in its usual in-home context); mismatched (target product shown in an unusual in-home context), and neutral (the target product shown on a white background). For both cultural groups, products were judged to be more aesthetically pleasing in the matching than in the mismatched context. However, ratings for products in mismatching contexts were significantly higher among East Asians. Our findings suggest that those with holistic views (East Asians) are more tolerant of mismatches than are those with more analytic views (European Americans). The implications for product and marketing design include greater attention to context presentation.
    Creator/Author:
    Kitayama, Shinobu ; Seifert, Colleen ; Yoon, Carolyn , and Chiu, Tseng-Ping
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Architectural, interior architectural and industrial design in the last phases of life: Design for wellbeing in palliative care

    9z902z84b?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The environment in which patients (need to) reside has a great influence on their wellbeing (Ulrich, 1991). That is why introducing ‘Design for Wellbeing’ is key in the design of palliative environments. People in the last phase of their life become more receptive to environmental stimuli. From our perspective, this triggers design to become even more relevant in such contexts. People’s search for subjective well-being (SWB) has promoted a change in vision in the design of new products, services and environments, with a focus not only on material properties, but also on the personal values that trigger actions that can contribute to people’s SWB. Such considerations contribute also to proposing answers to the question of how design can support people to have a meaningful life and ‘be well’ in the best possible way, according to the circumstances. The purpose of this paper is firstly, if design for wellbeing can be performed in the context of palliative care, and secondly, how research could be set up in such a precious context. A thorough literature review will be performed to answer these questions. The value of this study lies in aiming to try to enable terminally ill patients and people from their immediate surroundings to cope with these events via design, and to stimulate people to be able to perform activities that they like (most) and which contribute to their SWB.
    Creator/Author:
    Petermans, Ann ; Vanrie, Jan; Gil Huerta, Ammin , and Poldma, Tiiu
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/14/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/11/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Designing One-flat church as small-scale community space in densely populated urban environment to perform both sacred and contemporary functions

    6m311p28w?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This research is based on the scenario in the context of Hong Kong, in which church has been built in densely populated urban environment restricted in flat space. The research objectives were: 1) firstly to investigate the relationship between theology and spatial design in Hong Kong Protestant church; 2) secondly, to analyse the issue of the lack of design with respect to sacred identity in the church of Hong Kong that leads to an unappealing and non-sacred appearance of Protestant church; 3) and finally, to establish theoretical standpoints on designing sacred space with contemporary quality without surrendering of the sacred identity. The aims of the research were to understand the influence of secularisation to the rationale of church design and to generate an appropriate identity of church with a theoretical standpoint to serve the contemporary community effectively. In order to meet these objectives, the study comprised of a qualitative site observations of 171 churches, which provided comparative figures for the study of churches incorporated with design elements or no design elements. In Hong Kong approximately 775 one-flat churches, which are 66% of the total number of Protestant churches, are located in different layers of vertical space within this vertical city. When churches provide social services in the same limited space, the identity of church is surrendered to the need of the social community. This study endeavours to facilitate church design with the focus on the immanence quality in order to encounter the different spatial limitations in church design.
    Creator/Author:
    Poon Shek Wing, Louis
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • The Research on Design Framework for Citizen Science

    6395w7085?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Citizen science is a process in which ordinary citizens contribute to scientific research. How to create citizen science design framework to achieve better awareness, initiative and action is our research focus. This paper will explore citizen science design in the context of smart city, on the basis of activity theory and by means of digital social innovation. “Smart City” concept provides new elements including social communication, collaborative design and innovative community to citizen science. With the rapid development of science and information & communication technologies (ICTs) and with the arrival of Web 2.0, social innovation is endowed with digital factors so as to be evolved to digital social innovation (DSI) which gives various design perspectives on citizen science and also plays an important part in establishing citizen science evaluation model. In this paper, a citizen science design framework consisting of citizen science content model, design model and evaluation model is proposed by discussing related theories, models and citizen science cases. It acts as not only design lead to inspire two citizen science case practices, but also an evaluation term in the view of citizen science. The framework and models developed in this research will hopefully be leveraged and refined to support citizen science design in the future.
    Creator/Author:
    Wang, Lu; Lin, Jia, and Fu, Zhiyong
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/05/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Creating Different Modes of Existence. Towards an Ontological Ethics of Design

    3r074t92z?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper will address some design concerns relating to philosopher Étienne Souriau’s work Les différents modes d’existence (2009). This has important bearings upon design because, first, this philosophical attitude thinks of designing not as an act of forming objects with identity and meaning, but rather as a process of delivering things that allow for a multiplicity of creative remodulation of our very existences. Secondly, Souriau unpicks the concept of a being existing as a unified identity and redefines existence as a creative act of nonstop production of a variety of modes of existence. In doing this he not only moves ontological considerations to the fore of philosophical discussions away from epistemological ones, but does so in such a way as to align with attitudes to ethics that relate it to ontology – notably the work of Spinoza. (This places Souriau in a philosophical lineage that leads back, for example, to Nietzsche and Whitehead, and forward (from his era) to Deleuze and Guattari.) In thinking both ontology and ethics together, this paper will introduce a different approach to the ethics of design.
    Creator/Author:
    Brassett, Jamie
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Re-clarifying Design Problems through Questions for Secondary School Children

    W0892992w?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    It is believed that secondary school students often define design problems in the design coursework superficially due to various reasons such as lack of exposure, inexperience and the lack of research skills. Questioning techniques have long been associated with the development of critical thinking. Based on this context and assumption, the current study aimed to explore the use of questioning techniques to enable pre-tertiary students to improve their understanding of design problems by using questions to critique their thinking and decision-making processes and in turn, generate more effective design solutions. A qualitative approach is adopted in this study to identify the trajectories of students during design problem identification and clarification process. Using student design journals as a form of record for action and thoughts, they are analysed and supplemented by hearing survey with the teacher-in-charge. From the study, the following points can be concluded: 1) questions can be a useful tool to facilitate a better understanding of the design problem. 2) The process of identification and clarification of design problem is important in the development of critical thinking skills and social-emotional skills of the students. 3) It is important that students are given time and opportunity to find out the problems by themselves. 4) Teachers can be important role models as students may pick up questioning techniques from teacher student discussions. 5) Departmental reviews and built-in professional development time for weekly reviews on teaching and learning strategies are necessary for the continual improvement D&T education.
    Creator/Author:
    Wei Leong, Leon LOH; Wei Leong, LEE, and Hwee Mui, Grace KWEK
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    12/01/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Developing a Matrix for ‘Designerly Way of Creating Shared Value’ (DCSV): Four examples of CSV via perspectives of design

    37720c73c?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Today, while profit maximization is still the bedrock of the capitalist model, people have embraced the idea of social contribution as a useful strategy in businesses. In this recent movement, Creating Shared Value (CSV) strives for a win-win solution that creates both social and business value. While in its early stage, CSV is showing promise and potential; society is witnessing a paradigm shift from practices of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) to CSV which is more sustainable and effective approach. Since Porter and Kramer originally introduced the concept in 2011, CSV’s application has expanded to many areas of business management, but it has not been discussed comprehensively in design research as of yet. The title of this paper, “Designerly Way of Creating Shared Value” (DCSV) is inspired by Nigel Cross’s famous book, Designerly Way of Knowing (2006). ‘Designerly’ is an adjective describing ‘how’ designers think and behave that is different from professionals in scientific disciplines. The aim of this paper is to propose a new matrix illustrating the link between creating shared value and design, and to systemically describe the existing examples of DCSV (Cross, 2016). The paper will begin with an introduction to the concept of CSV followed by a brief literature review on CSV in design research. The second part will focus on demonstrating the new DCSV matrix by illustrating the four examples that exemplify it.
    Creator/Author:
    Kim, Kyulee
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/06/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A Study on the Entrepreneurial Path of Design-led Startups in Taiwan

    08612n598?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The phenomenon of design entrepreneurship has received attention in the field of design. The trend of design entrepreneurship emerges in Taiwan and becoming a new career option for designers. Entrepreneurial activities can promote economic growth through innovation and knowledge spillovers. Studies on designer entrepreneurship are warranted because it proposes the possibility of entrepreneurial innovation, contributing to industrial and economic development. A multiple case study was employed, and seven design-led startups were selected as case study subjects to explore and conclude how these firms integrate their own profession and acquire resources to construct the value chain so as to keep the company operational and profitable. According to the results, the value chain of design-led startups is identified. The findings are further discussed to provide a better understanding of the entrepreneurial path of design-led startups in Taiwan.
    Creator/Author:
    Tung, Fang-Wu
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    03/05/2018
    Date Modified:
    03/05/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Kids Design Association Japan: Regulating and Promoting Children Oriented Design Practices in Japan

    3t945q80c?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Different associations are important for regulating and promoting good practices of sustainable product development. On the case of children products, there are many considerations to take, such as mental and physical development or safety. Knowing this broad challenge, how can associations better aid on the development of Design Guidelines for children? In Japan, the country’s context and challenges have led to the development of the Kids Design Association, or KDA, a Non-Profit organization dedicated on the achievement of three missions: “Contribute to children’s safety”; “Develop children’s capabilities, encouraging creativity and sensitivity”; and “Support caregivers during pregnancy, birth and child raising”. Based on an investigation period, the following paper is a case study of the Kids Design Association, exposing its story, goals, relation with society, growth, and performed activities, especially the “Kids Design Award”, a commendation program for acknowledging design practices that takes children needs and standpoints in consideration. We aimed to observe design trends and challenges regarding both Japanese Society and the association. As results, although some of the procedures are oriented exclusively for Japan, we found that the KDA approach could effectively bridge companies with academic knowledge and social demands.
    Creator/Author:
    Tsutatani, Kunio ; Fernandes, Rodrigo ; Bao, Suomiya , and Yamanaka, Toshimasa
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A Content Analysis of Wired Magazine and Self-Tracking Devices

    T148fh12j?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Living in a modern society is becoming more complex, so in order to keep up with, a person should accomplish various kinds of task at once. Daily life requirements, obligations and the capacity of human memory lead us to collect and control our behaviors, bodies and lives through self-tracking devices. Aim of this paper analysis of emerging digitalized self-tracking trend through content analysis of Wired Magazine. Wired Magazine, both in printed and online, monthly, publish technology related articles how emerging technologies affect culture, the economy and politics. It reaches more than 30 million people each month through wired.com, digital edition. Since the term 'quantified self' emerged for the first time in Wired Magazine, for this reason Wired Magazine is one of the most important sources to be used for content analysis. This present study carries out a content analysis of all the issues until December 2016 through 'self-tracking' and two other related terms: 'quantified self' and 'lifelogging'. The usage period and popularity of these terms and, the relation network with the main topics and the subtopics are examined. As a result, it is possible to define wired magazine as a medium in which industry-academia and users come together and, feed each other reciprocally. Wired Magazine have contributed significantly and continues to contribute to the development of the digitalized self-tracking trend in terms of its content.
    Creator/Author:
    Akyaman, Serefraz
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Beyond Greener Things: sustainability within communication design practice

    D791sg188?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper reviews contemporary communication design practice in Australia through a series of interviews with practitioners, conducted to better understand the place of sustainability in contemporary practice. It is especially concerned with the expectations and experience of designers, and their attitudes towards sustainability in practice, and the contrast between designing ‘greener things’ and establishing more sustainable outcomes for their clients through deeper collaboration. The paper is part of a larger PhD project attempting to establish ways of expanding the understanding of sustainability for communication designers.
    Creator/Author:
    Crocker, Robert and Wallace, Niki
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Moving graphic design forward with service design methods: Diversifying the role of graphic design among small local industry projects

    5425k9692?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The field of graphic design has continually evolved to encompass a wide scope of skills. From designing graphics to designing business strategies, graphic designers can be incorporated into all stages of industry projects. For some graphic designers around the world, broad uses of design practices are recognised as significant and are being applied to a breadth of large scale business and community sector frameworks. However, these skills are frequently underutilised and their value overlooked among small business projects. Perth-based design jobs, for example, are commonly outcome-driven and graphic designers are typically hired by clients at the end stage of business projects to only make project artefacts such as websites, business cards or brochures. Gjoko Muratovski, Director of The Myron E. Ullman, Jr. School of Design at DAAP, University of Cincinnati, puts forth that big businesses has benefitted greatly from integrating design’s intrinsic methods into all aspects of product and service development. In his paper titled Paradigm Shift: Report on the New Role of Design in Business and Society he states that “With the growing reputation of design as a catalyst for business innovation, designers are being invited to take on executive roles. Jonathan Ive (Apple, Inc.), Mark Parker (Nike, Inc.), David Butler (The Coca-Cola Company), and Todd Simmons (IBM Corporation) are perhaps the most notable examples of this emerging trend” (2015, p. 121). Literary statements such as this one, depict the rise of design using corporate giants as example. A discussion about the expansion of design amongst smaller business sectors, however, appears to be lacking. This report looks to explore this as the broad idea of my PhD. My paper views that there is gap in Perth local graphic design profession – graphic designers are not engaging with broader and more holistic design strategies such as those employed in service design. As part of my PhD project, this paper will discuss the literature review, research methods and design philosophy relevant to design strategies and processes used in graphic designers in Perth.
    Creator/Author:
    Ormsby, Erica
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    05/23/2019
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Designing Information for Artificial Intelligence: Path Recommendation and User Acceptance in a Virtual Space

    8w32r5616?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In this study, the authors propose two information layout strategies (informative layout and decisive layout) that influence the user acceptance rate on recommended information. The informative layout is the degree of descriptions in the recommendation process. The decisive layout is the degree of choices in recommendations. Thus, the objective of the paper is to discover how users’ acceptance of a recommendation changes when the recommendation is displayed in different degrees of informative and decisive layouts. To this end, we have conducted the following tasks: 1) Sophisticated software was created with Javascript to conduct experiments with users online; 2) Experiment subjects (N=247) with various education and demographic levels were recruited; 3) User acceptance rate depending on the information layout strategy was collected; 4) The relationships between information layout strategy and user acceptance of the recommended information were computationally analyzed. The results of the study indicate that the information layout strategy proposed in this research significantly influences user acceptance of the recommended information. Also, this research identified effective combinations of informative and decisive layouts to maximize the user acceptance.
    Creator/Author:
    Lee, Jong Myoung and Hyun, Kyung Hoon
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/21/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Prototyping the not-yet-existing for research and innovation: a possible process model for design research.

    Rv042t04f?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Design argument and ability to recognize complex systems (Rittel & Webber, 1973) and find a way to modify them, has led other disciplines to try to understand design process and apply it to other areas of knowledge. Creative solutions and ability to innovate (Verganti, 2009) have made design a valuable resource on the contemporary economy. Nevertheless, there is still a polemic about the meaning and model of the process of academic research in the field of design (Muratovski, 2015), the ways in which design research should be conducted and the specific knowledge that is produced with the design research process. This paper tries to recognize the prototype as a basic element of the process of design, since is connected to a specific type of knowledge and based on that; it also proposes a model of the use of prototypes as a research tool based on four different theoretical concepts which importance in the field of design have been strongly stablished by different academic communities around the world.
    Creator/Author:
    de la Rosa, Juan
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/04/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Health Education that Breaks Through Language Barriers Prototyping and Evaluation of Childcare-related ICT Self-learning Resource –

    4m90dv490?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper explores the findings of a study into the telecommunications environment in Mongolia. It was hoped that an effective self-learning resource for the prevention of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants for distribution to parents in that country could be created and evaluated using these findings. Based on a field survey conducted in Mongolia, the most effective format this resource should take was identified. A prototype was created that featured video taken from both a third-person and parent’s (first person) perspective. After further evaluation, this prototype is to undergo revisions that will be assessed in Japan and Mongolia before a final version is distributed utilizing information and communication technologies (ICT). It was found that a visual message that did not rely on written language was the most effective means of communicating the desired message. With input from nursing staff in Mongolia, the Sapporo City University School of Design and School of Nursing came to leverage their respective strengths to create an effective prototype that will be used as the basis for a resource for relaying this preventive information to the target audience.
    Creator/Author:
    Mikami, Tomoko; Anzai, Toshinori; Yakubo, Takanobu; Matsuura, Kazuyo, and Uemura, Kouta
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    01/30/2018
    Date Modified:
    05/23/2019
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Developing DIVE, a design-led futures technique for SMEs

    X059c733k?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Futures techniques have long been used in large enterprises as designerly means to explore the future and guide innovation. In the automotive industry, for instance, the development of concept cars is a technique which has repeatedly proven its value. However, while big companies have broadly embraced futures techniques, small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have lagged behind in applying them, largely because they are too resource- intensive and poorly suited to the SMEs’ needs and idiosyncrasies. To address this issue, we developed DIVE: Design, Innovation, Vision, and Exploration, a design-led futures technique for SMEs. Its development began with an inquiry into concept cars in the automotive industry and concept products and services in other industries. We then combined the insights derived from these design practices with elements of the existing techniques of critical design and design fiction into the creation of DIVE’s preliminary first version, which was then applied and evaluated in two iterations with SMEs, resulting in DIVE’s alpha version. After both iterations in context, it seems that DIVE suits the SMEs because of its compact and inexpensive activities which emphasize making and storytelling. Although the results of these activities might be less flashy than concept cars, these simple prototypes and videos help SMEs internalize and share a clear image of a preferable future, commonly known as vision. Developing DIVE thus helped us explore how design can support SMEs in envisioning the future in the context of innovation.
    Creator/Author:
    Mejia Sarmiento, Ricardo; Jan Stappers, Pieter ; Jan Hultink, Erik, and Pasman, Gert
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    12/01/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A Matching Test of Task-Gesture on Tablet for Mid-older and Young Adults

    B8515n370?file=thumbnail
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Due to the intuitive controllability and easy to learn the tablet is a very popular nowadays. Many touch gestures are introduced to enhance the convenience usage on the tablet. However, how these gestures match with the tasks? Are they understood by the “technological alienation” of the elderly users? Is there difference existing between the elderly and younger people? This study aims to answer these questions. Seven basic gestures and their correspondent tasks were selected from top 3 operation systems. Thirty mid-older subjects including 15 expert users and 15 novice tablet users and thirty young subjects were recruited to do matching test. As a result, we found that the correct rate of the mid-older is significantly lower than the young. Experience in using might affect the correct rate. Certain intuitive gestures including Tap, Swipe, Pinch and Rotation had higher correct rate were considered to be acceptable for both mid-older and young subjects according to the ISO standard. However, only the Pinch gesture for novice mid-older is acceptable. The research suggests that more coaching might be needed for novice mid-older adults on the use of gestures.
    Creator/Author:
    Huang, Chiwu
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    01/16/2018
    Date Modified:
    01/16/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International