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  • Writing into the Unknown: Speculative, Arts-Based Writing as Creative Composition and Design Research Method

    Article thumbnail: Writing into the Unknown: Speculative, Arts-Based Writing as Creative Composition and Design Research Method
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    How do arts-based writing endeavors catalyze generative thinking and support research development in design students’ thesis endeavors? This paper offers reflections from an industrial design masters student, a graphic design masters student, and their arts education professor in a School of Design at a Research I institution. Informed by theoretical and historical contexts of the design discipline and perspectives from composition studies and fine arts practice, we explore the potential of arts-based writing as an evocative, speculative tool and a distinctive form of reflective practice for the development of graduate design research. We suggest that arts-based writing’s iterative process, dialogic engagement, and speculative approach to knowledge-construction provide critical, reflective structures for working through uncertainties and thus are uniquely responsive to the evolving epistemologies of the transdisciplinary university. Three focal questions guide this reflection: What is arts-based writing? What role does arts-based writing play in students’ design research endeavors? How can arts-based writing practices support the growth of speculative and pragmatic design research?
    Creator/Author:
    Daiello, Vittoria; Casey, Davida, and Bruner, Olivia
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    05/11/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Wood, Plywood and Veneer, Cranbrook, the New Bauhaus and the W. P. A.: the Origins of the Eames Chair of 1946

    Article thumbnail: Wood, Plywood and Veneer, Cranbrook, the New Bauhaus and the W. P. A.: the Origins of the Eames Chair of 1946
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Lloyd C. Engelbrecht (born 1927) is Professor Emeritus of Art History at the University of Cincinnati. His article, “Wood, Plywood and Veneer, Cranbrook, the New Bauhaus and the W. P. A.: the Origins of the Eames Chair of 1946,” had its origins in a paper presented at a symposium, “Bauhaus, New Bauhaus, W. P. A.: Chairs for Mid-Century,” October 17, 1981, at the Mid-America Conference of the College Art Association, meeting in Milwaukee. The article was expanded and eventually completed in 1987, but it was never published. The author asked that his late wife, June-Marie F. Engelbrecht (1930-2009), be given credit for her immense amount of help with the research and writing of the article.
    Creator/Author:
    Engelbrecht, Lloyd C.
    Submitter:
    Lloyd C. Engelbrecht
    Date Uploaded:
    10/15/2014
    Date Modified:
    07/27/2016
    Date Created:
    2014-10-15
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • What is worth doing in design research?

    Article thumbnail: What is worth doing in design research?
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    IASDR 2017 Guest Speaker Meredith Davis has taught for forty-seven years and served as head of the Department of Graphic Design, Director of Graduate Programs in Graphic Design, and Director of the PhD Design program at NC State University. She is an AIGA fellow and national medalist, Alexander Quarles Holladay Medalist for Teaching Excellence, and fellow and former member of the accreditation commission of the National Association of Schools of Art and Design, for which she drafted the national standards for the evaluation of college-level design programs. She serves as a member of the education advisory committee of the Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian National Design Museum and is a former president of the American Center for Design. Meredith is a frequent author–including four books on design and design education– and serves on the editorial boards of She Ji and Design Issues. Her research includes a two-year study of design-based teaching and learning for the National Endowment for the Arts, which received a CHOICE award from the National Association of College and Research Libraries. She has served on the development teams for two National Assessments of Educational Progress, most recently for the scenario-based evaluation of 21,500 students in Technology and Engineering Design Literacy. She authored a five-year research study of teaching critical and creative thinking across the college curriculum, featured in a study by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development on the effectiveness of higher education in preparing students for innovation jobs. She has reviewed proposals for the Smithsonian Office of Education and Museum Studies, National Science Foundation, US Department of Education, Institute of Museum and Library Services, and Canadian Foundation for Innovation, and her work has been funded by the Kenan Institute for Engineering, Science and Technology; National Endowment for the Arts; Worldesign Foundation; and several state commissions.
    Creator/Author:
    Davis, Meredith
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    02/05/2018
    Date Modified:
    03/01/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • We're Here For the Humans

    Article thumbnail: We're Here For the Humans
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    IASDR 2017 Guest Speaker Bob Schwartz joined GE Healthcare (GEHC) in December 2007 as General Manager, Global Design & User Experience. With five studios in four countries, Bob is responsible for overseeing the Global Design function encompassing human factors, industrial design, ergonomics, user-interface, environmental design, and design research. As a strategic driver of organic business growth, his team focuses on the look, feel usability and end-to-end experience of GEHC products and services. Bob is also the GE Healthcare Global Executive Sponsor of the People with Disabilities Network. Since 2009, Global Design/UX has been the recipient of 19 medals from the International Design Excellence Awards (IDEA) and was listed, in 2011, by Fast Company magazine as a Corporate Design Stronghold. In 2015, Bob’s career trajectory was cited by Fast Company as among the top Chief Design Officers. In 2015 the Industrial Designers Society of America (IDSA) named him among the 50 most notable industrial designers of the last 50 years. Bob was recently elected Chair of the Board of the Design Management Institute. Continuously engaged in Design education throughout his career, he is a two-term member of the Board of Trustees of the Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design and its Executive Committee and is Chair of its Academic Excellence Committee. Bob is also a member of the Design Management Advisory Board at Northwestern University and has had similar roles at Savannah College of Art and Design and Carnegie Mellon University. Further, he has also held a design faculty appointment at the University of Cincinnati. While at P&G, Bob applied his leadership to developing the School Collaboratives Program there and has created similar relationships in his other roles with academic institutions globally. Bob joined GEHC from Procter & Gamble, where he was a global design leader working to transform the design function there to a strategically relevant capability, which is now comprised of 350 global designers and design managers. Prior to P&G, Bob was Vice President, New Product Development, at Levolor Kirsch, a division of Newell Rubbermaid, where he brought innovation to the home decor industry. At Motorola, Bob was the Director of Design, responsible globally for all key product lines within the Commercial, Government, Industrial and Consumer Products businesses. As Executive Director and COO for the Industrial Designers Society of America (IDSA) Bob forged an unprecedented relationship with Business Week magazine to annually publish the Industrial Design Excellence (IDEA) awards and later the Catalyst Awards. This accomplishment led to Bob receiving a United Nations appointment to the People's Republic of China as Senior Advisor for Design. He has also testified before Congress on a Bill to establish a US Design Center in the Dept. of Commerce. Bob was also the Director, Science and Technology Programs for AdvaMed, where he forged strong partnerships with the FDA, HCFA and Congress and lobbied and directed policy and voluntary standards research for circulatory and cardiovascular devices, healthcare information systems and the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Prior to this, Bob was the head of Corporate Industrial Design and Architecture for the American Red Cross, where he implemented new nation-wide mobile blood collection, tissue banking and disaster services systems and blood center laboratory designs. Most notably, Bob was inducted into the IDSA Academy of Fellows at the 2007 World Congress of Industrial Design, for his outstanding contributions to the industry. Bob has a Masters degree in Industrial Design from the Rhode Island School of Design, where he was a Roddy Scholar, and a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Industrial & Graphic Design from the Kansas City Art Institute.
    Creator/Author:
    Schwartz, Robert
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    03/22/2018
    Date Modified:
    04/05/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Virtual Reality in Healthcare

    Article thumbnail: Virtual Reality in Healthcare
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper presents a prime aspect of Augmented and Virtual Reality development in the field of healthcare. We explored several recent works and articles and a comparison between generic application development and immersive technology-based application is included. The paper talks about more practical approaches that can be taken to enhance the effectiveness of the application. The resources (infrastructure) to complete this study are provided by the University of Cincinnati’s Center for Simulation and Virtual Environment Research (UCSIM). And several experiments and projects in the field of health care are used as a reference to make conclusions.
    Creator/Author:
    Ajmera, Himanshu and Gonen, Bilal
    Submitter:
    Himanshu Ajmera
    Date Uploaded:
    07/22/2019
    Date Modified:
    01/30/2021
    Date Created:
    2019-05-08
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Virtual cybersecurity testbeds for industrial Internet of Things

    Article thumbnail: Virtual cybersecurity testbeds for industrial Internet of Things
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Modern industrial equipment are networked to interact with both internal and external systems, enabling automated decision-making with minimal or no human intervention. While this new environment creates efficiencies, it exposes the environment to cyber threats. This chapter explores the use of cybersecurity testbeds to study best practices in architecting and defending environments that contain industrial systems. Cybersecurity testbeds – physical, virtual, and hybrid – are used in different sectors for research and validation. Virtual testbeds hold promise as they enable design flexibility, reconfiguration, and scale to support various types of research studies. This chapter discusses the value of virtual cybersecurity testbeds and demonstrates a case study on the use of virtual testbeds using a simple industrial control system and a common attack. The concepts apply to more complex set ups and more complex attack structures. Virtual cybersecurity testbed can support researchers, practitioners, and educators interested in defending critical infrastructure environments and industrial systems.
    Creator/Author:
    Mandalapu, Rohit
    Submitter:
    Rohit Mandalapu
    Date Uploaded:
    05/19/2026
    Date Modified:
    05/19/2026
    License:
    Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL)

  • Vibration Control Using Fuzzy-Logic-Based Active Damping

    Article thumbnail: Vibration Control Using Fuzzy-Logic-Based Active Damping
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In this study a general approach is introduced for the design of a robust control law for suppression of structure borne vibration. This control law is based on a passive design in the form of dynamic vibration absorbers. Passive absorbers minimize vibration at a speciŽ c frequency, but their performance is improved by introducing adaptive tuning of the absorber. An adaptive dynamic vibration absorber is tuned to the forcing frequency, using classical methods. The tuning ratio is time varying and adapts itself to variations in the forcing frequency. However, the uniqueness of the approach in this study is that the damping parameter of the absorber is continuously varied by means of a fuzzy-logic control algorithm to provide a lower sound pressure level. The inputs of the fuzzy control law are the displacement and velocity of the main structure. The effectiveness of the control algorithm for active vibration control is demonstrated using MATLAB® simulations of a single-degree-of-freedom plant. This methodology provides superior performance in the presence of signiŽ cant mistuning compared to a more conventional approach.
    Creator/Author:
    Weller, Tanchum; Cohen, Kelly, and Ben-Asher, Joseph Z.
    Submitter:
    Kelly Cohen
    Date Uploaded:
    02/08/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/05/2017
    Date Created:
    2003-04
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Using practice-led industrial/product design research to explore opportunities to support manufacturing-related enterprise in Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) countries

    Article thumbnail: Using practice-led industrial/product design research to explore opportunities to support manufacturing-related enterprise in Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) countries
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The profession of industrial/product design has the capacity to support wealth generation through a product-driven supply chain that extends across services that include manufacturing, distribution, sales and maintenance. Moving away from the more typical manufacturing approaches of developed countries, where the resources available to support designers employ advanced technologies and materials, this paper discusses an on-going UK Arts and Humanities Research Council-funded project to explore ways in which industrial/product design can provide opportunities for entrepreneurship and employment in countries on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee (DAC) List and receive Overseas Development Assistance (ODA). Through practice-lad research with participants from Uganda, Kenya, Indonesia and Turkey; industrial/product design educators/researchers/practitioners shared knowledge and expertise and engaged in creative activity to translate propositions into proposals with the potential for manufacture in each of the four countries. The findings, articulated product visualisations, indicate significant potential to support manufacturing in countries in a variety of levels of economic development by adding value to the packaging of traditional foods; integrating low-cost imported components to add value to indigenous crafts and materials; producing contemporary furniture designs using materials that can be considered as traditional materials; and employing unorthodox and unexpected materials.
    Creator/Author:
    Evans, Mark and Whitehead, Timothy
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • User Operate Consistency of Experience on Daily Commodities

    Article thumbnail: User Operate Consistency of Experience on Daily Commodities
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This research expected to innovation designs can develop by more detail user-experience, that also reduce users unfamiliar and depressed; therefore, we investigated that people cognitive process on operated daily commodities, and we planned a tool to analyze users the area of contact and frequency. In experiment, we selected three objects whose size and shape are similar but haven’t limited way of operation. After that, we excluded feature of shape and make them consistent. We studied 30 participants response to operation and affordance, and analysis that by qualitative and quantitative. The result showed the participants have consistent posture of grasp, area of contact and way of operation in the same experimental situation; in addition, even the grip are the same, but following different functional parts, users still response a corresponding way of operation. So we suggest that shape only be as one of design factors on simple design style, and not the main factor. Designer should find other design techniques to enhance the user’s cognitive operation.
    Creator/Author:
    Yeh, Wen-Dih and Huang, I-Nung
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Use of XFOIL in Design of Camber-Controlled Morphing UAVs

    Article thumbnail: Use of XFOIL in Design of Camber-Controlled Morphing UAVs
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The standard curriculum for Aerospace Engineering students at the University of Cincinnati includes AEEM361 Integrated Aircraft Engineering. The goal of this course is to instruct students in the tools and methodology of aircraft design. The integrated aspects of aircraft design are underscored by introducing prejunior (between sophomore and junior) students to the state-of-the-art morphing technology, inspired by bat and bird flight, which can enable an aircraft to adapt its shape to best suit the flight condition thereby enhancing mission performance. In this article, we present the development of unique software tools, which provide undergraduates an opportunity to design airfoils for morphing aircraft. Morphing is introduced in the form of “on demand” camber as well as sweep change with the aim of improving aerodynamic efficiency for a multiobjective (several design points) mission profile. The Global Hawk UAV mission in general and its LRN1015 airfoil in particular is in focus due to the relative long mission times spent at the two different flight conditions, namely high-speed dash and low-speed loiter. We are using several tools to virtually simulate a morphing wing including XFOIL to perform fast and relatively accurate two-dimensional steady-flow simulations of different morphed configurations using a camber-controlled morphed wing to maneuver. In this article we detail AeroMorph, the educational MATLAB-based tool developed for design of a camber-controlled morphing of airfoils with the aim of improving aerodynamic efficiency and exploration of the basic relationships between flap deflection and airfoil morphing based on a camber change.
    Creator/Author:
    Cohen, Kelly; Abdallah, Shaaban, and LaFountain, Cody
    Submitter:
    Kelly Cohen
    Date Uploaded:
    02/13/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/05/2017
    Date Created:
    2012-12
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • The Unspoken Arms Race: Neurowarfare

    Article thumbnail: The Unspoken Arms Race: Neurowarfare
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    An expanded version of "The Future of Conflict: Neurowarfare", both of which discuss emerging neurotechnology, neuroscience, and their implications for war, politics, medicine, ethics, and society.
    Creator/Author:
    Turner, Grant
    Submitter:
    Grant Turner
    Date Uploaded:
    10/15/2021
    Date Modified:
    10/15/2021
    Date Created:
    2021-10-02
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International

  • Understanding the [design] problem in addressing human-building interfaces

    Article thumbnail: Understanding the [design] problem in addressing human-building interfaces
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    As society shifts towards an increasingly sustainable future, high-performance buildings can provide a means to meet sustainability and energy efficiency goals. Occupants in high-performance buildings are often expected to interact with building systems to maintain individual levels of comfort and productivity. However, the critical role of the human-building interface is often ignored (Day & Heschong, 2016). Too often, building controls are not intuitive and poorly understood by typical users. Conversely, some buildings rely on entirely automated building systems (e.g. lighting, shading, HVAC systems), which take control away from occupants. This approach is largely unpopular with building occupants. The literature suggests people desire and prefer control of their interior environments (e.g., Escuyer & Fontoynont, 2001). Designing a high-performance building that effectively engages users presents a more complex problem than most designers are prepared to handle. Design teams require an ability to see the whole situation—from how the parts of the system work to how users will engage and adapt the system. This ability relies on systematic efforts to understand broad swaths of human behavior and design research, which go beyond computation or modeling (e.g., Huppatz, 2015; Rittel & Webber, 1973). In this context, design and design research supports third order (activities and processes) and fourth order (environments, organizations, and systems) design problems (Buchanan, 1999). Creating design teams, who can comprehend a whole situation, requires reframing how clients and designers understand design problems. This draft paper links theory about design problems with practical processes for using design research to improve the human-building interface.
    Creator/Author:
    Day, Julia and Orthel, Bryan
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    11/17/2017
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Understanding Decision-Making Needs of Open Government Data Users

    Article thumbnail: Understanding Decision-Making Needs of Open Government Data Users
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Open Government Data (OGD) promotes transparency, innovation, and value creation that makes information gathered by the government about the city and community open to all. The City of Cincinnati Open Government Data Portal allows citizens to access local data as part of a local OGD initiative. Although these datasets are available and are used by a broad audience, little is known about how users engage with this data and the general usability of the platforms. To learn more about this audience, this study is conducted in two steps 1)- a think-aloud activity and 2)- an online survey. Through these activities, we aim to gather information about how the users are interacting with the available data and for what purpose are they interacting with different sections of the portal. After gathering relevant data from the think-aloud activity, we aim to generate a questionnaire by analyzing all the information collected in the previous event at a larger scale. Using a web-based survey shared with individuals via Qualtrics, we will explore the use of the portal to gain more insight and knowledge on user requirements and their suggestions. The endpoint of this study is to develop insights that will help us understand user expectations and how changes could benefit the portal.
    Creator/Author:
    Murthy, Svati Sundara
    Submitter:
    Jess Kropczynski
    Date Uploaded:
    05/15/2020
    Date Modified:
    05/15/2020
    Date Created:
    2020-04-14
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Tunisian Victory and Anglo-American Film Propaganda in World War II

    Article thumbnail: Tunisian Victory and Anglo-American Film Propaganda in World War II
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    After the liberation of North Africa, in 1943, it was discovered by policy makers within the Grand Alliance that both the British and Americans were in the process of making documentary films about the Operation Torch campaign. Fearful that separate films would highlight potential dissension with the Anglo-American alliance, the director Frank Capra was dispatched to London to coordinate his U.S. Army documentary with his British counter-parts. Instead of a smooth process, the joint film project bogged down in inter-service and inter-allied rivalry’s that delayed the completion of Tunisian Victory for over a year.
    Creator/Author:
    Krome, Frederic
    Submitter:
    Frederic Krome
    Date Uploaded:
    10/18/2016
    Date Modified:
    05/23/2019
    Date Created:
    1996
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • The True Glory and the Failure of Anglo-American Film Propaganda in the Second World War

    Article thumbnail: The True Glory and the Failure of Anglo-American Film Propaganda in the Second World War
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In an effort to promote an image of Allied unity on the eve of Operation Overlord, the Allied invasion of Western Europe, a Joint Anglo-American Film Commission was established with the goal of making a series of short documentaries on the liberation of the continent. Unfortunately, despite the prior planning, the plans for a series of joint films fell victim to competing ideologies about how to showcase the allied campaign. In an effort to salvage the situation the American film maker George Stevens was brought in to make a single long documentary, highlighting the campaign from D-Day to VE-Day. The resulting film, The True Glory, won an Oscar for best documentary of 1945, but in fact was the result of a failure of Allied film propaganda policy.
    Creator/Author:
    Krome, Frederic
    Submitter:
    Frederic Krome
    Date Uploaded:
    10/19/2016
    Date Modified:
    05/23/2019
    Date Created:
    1998
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Triangulation as an experimental approach: Interpreting the synergistic relationship between the visual syntax, practical mechanisms and theoretical frameworks of typography used in brand marks of cultural festivals

    Article thumbnail: Triangulation as an experimental approach: Interpreting the synergistic relationship between the visual syntax, practical mechanisms and theoretical frameworks of typography used in brand marks of cultural festivals
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Typography is an important visible element of a cultural festival’s brand mark, yet is overlooked within cultural festival research. An abundance of work has been published that examines cultural festivals from cultural, economic, tourism, and place-making perspectives, yet there is a shortfall in scholarly research addressing the key role typography performs to engage audience participation through cultural festivals’ primary brand driver – the brand mark. This paper critically considers triangulation as a constructive and effective research framework for enquiry into typography deployed in the brand marks of cultural festivals and provides a roadmap to further research. Offering an analysis of how and in what way typography is being used in the brand marks for cultural festivals, this paper contributes a discussion of appropriate research methods in the examination of this material. Triangulation is engaged as a research technique combining the methods 1) content analysis, 2) case study (text analysis) and 3) a semiotic analysis of typography as a framework to advantage three perspectives on typography, capturing the complexities of the phenomenon. Through a pilot study of 20 cultural festival brand marks from English speaking countries in 2016, the findings show that triangulation of three methods is beneficial to uncovering a rich and nuanced understanding of the role of typography in brand marks. Although many research methods are available to design researchers, the authors argue that triangulation, is an appropriate method to analyze typography used in the brand marks of cultural festivals as it allows for the emergence of a heterogeneous understanding of the discipline.
    Creator/Author:
    Meyrick, Tonya
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/04/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Transformations in pharmaceutical research and development, driven by innovations in multidimensional mass spectrometry-based technologies

    Article thumbnail: Transformations in pharmaceutical research and development, driven by innovations in multidimensional mass spectrometry-based technologies
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In the pharmaceutical industry, there is a tremendous need for qualitative and quantitative analysis of target analytes such as peptides, proteins, drugs, metabolites, biomarkers, impurities, and degradation products in various mixtures including synthetic reactions, in vitro cultures, biological fluids, drug substances, finished products, and many others. To provide adequate specificity for analysis in these complex mixtures, multidimensional analytical techniques are required. Mass spectrometry plays a central role in many of these multidimensional approaches to mixture analysis because it provides an unparalleled combination of sensitivity and specificity that is useful for both molecular identification and quantitative applications. Recent innovations in mass spectrometry and industrial implementation of these advances have transformed many aspects of pharmaceutical research and development. Data that were previously unattainable, or were not collected due to exorbitant cost or time constraints, can now be obtained using mass spectrometry-based technologies. The impact of these innovations has been most dramatically felt in early stages of discovery, as more data are available to make critical decisions, such as selecting compounds for advancement to costly preclinical and clinical trials. New MS technologies have also accelerated the progression of drug candidates through development and toward regulatory approval. Here, five major categories of pharmaceutical applications of mass spectrometry are reviewed. They are new chemical entity characterization, biomacromolecule characterization, bioanalytical quantitation, metabolite identification, and impurity and degradation product identification. A brief historical perspective and evolution of technologies for each application area are presented. Those discussions are followed with a description of the current strategies for implementation of the tremendous capabilities of the state-of-the-art approaches, along with representative applications. In addition, emerging technologies for each application area are presented to indicate the future directions of instrumentation for mixture analysis in the pharmaceutical industry. (Int J Mass Spectrom 212 (2001) 135–196) © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.
    Creator/Author:
    Harbol, Kevin L.; Greis, Kenneth D.; Hoke, Steven H.; Morand, Kenneth L.; Baker, Timothy R., and Dobson, Roy L. M.
    Submitter:
    Kenneth Greis
    Date Uploaded:
    03/03/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/07/2017
    Date Created:
    2001-11
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Tonken's House

    Article thumbnail: Tonken's House
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Article about Frank Lloyd Wright's designed house in Amberley Village a suburb of Cincinnati.
    Creator/Author:
    Meyer, Elizabeth A.
    Submitter:
    Elizabeth A. Meyer
    Date Uploaded:
    09/22/2021
    Date Modified:
    09/22/2021
    Date Created:
    2018
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Tilt Brush: The Utilization of a Virtual Reality Intervention for Evaluating Self-Reported Anxiety, Depression, & Stress

    Article thumbnail: Tilt Brush: The Utilization of a Virtual Reality Intervention for Evaluating Self-Reported Anxiety, Depression, & Stress
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    With the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among young adult populations, adaptive and innovative treatment options must be considered for the future. While there are various approaches to mental health treatment, art therapy is one traditional method that has been used to treat the symptoms of mental health disorders across various health contexts and populations. Some art therapists have even integrated information and communication technologies (ICTs) into their practices. With these factors in mind and considering the prominence of ICTs use among student populations, this study seeks to understand how the immersion and presence afforded by one such technology, virtual reality (VR), can impact the outcomes of art therapy practices. Through the use of an arts-based VR application, Tilt Brush, this study compares traditional art therapy methods as they are employed in and outside of VR. Through the comparison of self-reported measures, we can better understand the possibilities and effectiveness of art therapy practices delivered via Tilt Brush VR.
    Creator/Author:
    Schaaf, Andrea
    Submitter:
    Jess Kropczynski
    Date Uploaded:
    05/15/2020
    Date Modified:
    05/15/2020
    Date Created:
    2019-04-11
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Systematic evaluation of data-independent acquisition for sensitive and reproducible proteomics—a prototype design for a single injection assay

    Article thumbnail: Systematic evaluation of data-independent acquisition for sensitive and reproducible proteomics—a prototype design for a single injection assay
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Data-independent acquisition (DIA)-based proteomics has become increasingly complicated in recent years because of the vast number of workflows described, coupled with a lack of studies indicating a rational framework for selecting effective settings to use. To address this issue and provide a resource for the proteomics community, we compared 12 DIA methods that assay tryptic peptides using various mass-isolation windows. Our findings indicate that the most sensitive single injection LC-DIA method uses 6 m/z isolation windows to analyze the densely populated tryptic peptide range from 450 to 730 m/z, which allowed quantification of 4465 Escherichia coli peptides. In contrast, using the sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragmentions (SWATH) approach with 26 m/z isolation windows across the entire 400–1200 m/z range, allowed quantification of only 3309 peptides. This reduced sensitivity with 26 m/z windows is caused by an increase in co-eluting compounds with similar precursor values detected in the same tandemMS spectra, which lowers the signal-to-noise of peptide fragment-ion chromatograms and reduces the amount of low abundance peptides that can be quantified from 410 to 920 m/z. Above 920 m/z, more peptides were quantified with 26 m/z windows because of substantial peptide 13C isotope distributions that parse peptide ions into separate isolation windows. Because reproducible quantification has been a long-standing aimof quantitative proteomics, and is a socalled trait of DIA, we sought to determine whether precursor-level chromatograms used in some methods rather than their fragment-level counterparts have similar precision. Our data show that extracted fragment-ion chromatograms are the reason DIA provides superior reproducibility. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Creator/Author:
    Haffey, Wendy D.; Norris, Jeremy L.; McCullumsmith, Robert E.; Heaven, Michael R.; Cobbs, Archie L.; Funk, Adam J., and Greis, Kenneth D.
    Submitter:
    Kenneth Greis
    Date Uploaded:
    03/03/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/07/2017
    Date Created:
    2016-01
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Surveying Stakeholders: Research Informing Design Curriculum

    Article thumbnail: Surveying Stakeholders: Research Informing Design Curriculum
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Fundamental to design education is the creation and structure of curriculum. Neither the creation of design curriculum, nor the revaluation of existing curriculum is well documented. With no clear documentation of precedent, best practices are left open to debate. This paper and presentation will discuss the use of a survey as a research tool to assess existing curriculum at Iowa State University in the United States. This tool allowed the needs and perspectives of the program’s diverse stakeholders to be better understood. Utilizing survey methods, research revealed the convergence and divergence of stakeholders’ philosophies, theories and needs in relation to design curriculum. Accreditation and professional licensing provide base level of guidelines for design curriculum in the United States. However, each program’s curricular structure beyond these guidelines is a complicated balance of resources, facilities, faculty, and the type of institution in which it is housed. Once established, a program’s curriculum is rarely reassessed as a whole, but instead updated with the hasty addition of classes upon an existing curricular structure. Curriculum is infrequently re-addressed, and when it is, it is typically based on the experience and opinions of a select group of faculty. This paper presents how a survey was developed to collect data to inform curricular decision- making, enabling the reduction of faculty bias and speculation in the process. Lessons learned from the development of this research tool will be shared so it might be replicated at other institutions, and be efficiently repeated periodically to ensure currency of a program’s curriculum.
    Creator/Author:
    Quam, Andrea
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/16/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A Study on the Entrepreneurial Path of Design-led Startups in Taiwan

    Article thumbnail: A Study on the Entrepreneurial Path of Design-led Startups in Taiwan
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The phenomenon of design entrepreneurship has received attention in the field of design. The trend of design entrepreneurship emerges in Taiwan and becoming a new career option for designers. Entrepreneurial activities can promote economic growth through innovation and knowledge spillovers. Studies on designer entrepreneurship are warranted because it proposes the possibility of entrepreneurial innovation, contributing to industrial and economic development. A multiple case study was employed, and seven design-led startups were selected as case study subjects to explore and conclude how these firms integrate their own profession and acquire resources to construct the value chain so as to keep the company operational and profitable. According to the results, the value chain of design-led startups is identified. The findings are further discussed to provide a better understanding of the entrepreneurial path of design-led startups in Taiwan.
    Creator/Author:
    Tung, Fang-Wu
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    03/05/2018
    Date Modified:
    03/05/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A Study on Design for Diagnostic Tool for Language Processing Ability with Aging

    Article thumbnail: A Study on Design for Diagnostic Tool for Language Processing Ability with Aging
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The deterioration of linguistic abilities is a natural phenomenon along with aging. Therefore, various assessment tools have been developed to measure linguistic abilities of seniors and diagnose degenerative diseases such as dementia. Although most of the tools are composed of images, there are not many studies focusing on the visual design, which could significantly affect performance of the subject. In this regard, this research aims to suggest a design guideline for linguistic ability assessment tools concerning the key characteristics of the elderly, focusing on visual contents and interface. Existing related researches were mostly conducted in English-speaking countries. In order to assess the language processing abilities of Korean-speaking elders more accurately, it is necessary to develop language processing assessment tools that reflect the unique linguistic features and structure of the Korean language. Regarding the existing tools, there is a lack of research on aging, focusing on ‘verb naming. In the literature review section, the paper investigated the physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics of the elderly and extracted the key elements to consider when designing for the elderly. Also, design principles were found based on case studies and problem analysis of the existing assessment tools for language processing abilities. Lastly, we created a prototype model using ‘verb naming.’ Using the model, we have conducted an experiment and comparative analysis between different age groups to verify the validity of contents. In conclusion, we provided a design guideline for visual contents and interface of linguistic assessment tools, focusing on elderly users.
    Creator/Author:
    Choi, Yoo Mi
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/14/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/18/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Study of the implementability of tactile feedback while operating touch panel device -From two directions of efficacy & feasibility-

    Article thumbnail: Study of the implementability of tactile feedback while operating touch panel device -From two directions of efficacy & feasibility-
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In a few years, the number of apparatuses with touch panel displays like smartphones will increase. People who are visually impaired, hearing impaired and disabled can use tactile feedback for receiving incoming communications. However, opportunities for tactile feedback applications are limited. Our hypotheses follow: as there are haptics patterns suitable for use cases, we will design haptics samples of tactile feedback and inspect their effectiveness. This study focuses on haptics patterns showing a relationship between the user’s impression and various use situations. Previous studies have been insufficient, so our target subjects inspected a limited number of objects. This study consists of two inspections: 1) We collected various haptics patterns that users had defined and analyzed the first inspection. For the next inspection, we manufactured a smartphone prototype. We matched the impression of eight haptics patterns types that we got from the subjects in the first analysis with different situations and tested various replies. Tests were repeated and recorded for various situations. As different haptics vibrations were added to emails, we inspected whether subjects could distinguish a difference in their meanings. Thus, we added different haptics patterns that corresponded to various situations. We concluded the hypothesis was effective for subjects. We could inspect the hypotheses in relation to subjects’ impressions of the haptics pattern. 2) Additionally, we obtained different results between elders and youths. Consequently, we suggested design guidelines for the new tactile feedback of the smartphone application. We suspect that haptics will be possible for a variety of interactive designs.
    Creator/Author:
    Kubo, Masayoshi and Wakasugi, Jien
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/15/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Storytelling Technique for Building Use-case Scenarios for Design Development

    Article thumbnail: Storytelling Technique for Building Use-case Scenarios for Design Development
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Numerous studies have dealt with what kind of value narrative can have for creating a more effective design process. However, there is lack of consideration of storytelling techniques on a stage-by-stage level, where each stage of storytelling technique can draw attention to detailed content for creating use-case scenarios for design development. This research aims to identify the potential implications for design development by using storytelling techniques. For the empirical research, two types of workshops were conducted in order to select the most appropriate storytelling technique for building use-case scenarios, and to determine the relationship between the two methods. Afterwards, co-occurrence analysis was conducted to examine how each step of storytelling technique can help designers develop an enriched content of use-case scenario. Subsequently, the major findings of this research are further discussed, dealing with how each of the storytelling technique steps can help designers to incorporate important issues when building use-case scenarios for design development. These issues are: alternative and competitor’s solution which can aid designers to create better design features; status quo bias of user which can help the designer investigate the occurring reason of the issue; and finally, social/political values of user which have the potential of guiding designers to create strengthened user experience. The results of this research help designers and design researchers concentrate on crucial factors such as the alternative or competitor’s solution, the status quo bias of user, and social/political values of the user when dealing with issues of building use-case scenarios.
    Creator/Author:
    Nam, Ki-young and Jang, Sukwoo
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/20/2017
    Date Modified:
    01/09/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Speed Dating with Design Thinking: An empirical study of managers solving business problems with design

    Article thumbnail: Speed Dating with Design Thinking: An empirical study of managers solving business problems with design
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The concept of design thinking has received increasing attention during recent years, particularly from managers around the world. However, despite being the subject of a vast number of articles and books stating its importance, the effectiveness of this approach is unclear, as the claims about the concept are not grounded on empirical studies or evaluations. In this study, we investigated the perceptions of six design thinking methods of 21 managers in the agriculture industry as they explored employee and business-related problems and solutions using these tools in a 6-hour workshop. The results from pre and post-survey responses suggest that the managers agreed on the value design thinking could bring to their own domains and were able to articulate on how they can use them in solving problems. We conclude by proposing directions for research to further explore adaptation of design thinking for the management practice context.
    Creator/Author:
    Ringholz, David; Dhadphale, Tejas, and McKilligan, Seda
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    12/06/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/15/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Spatio-temporal Estimation Of Wildfire Growth

    Article thumbnail: Spatio-temporal Estimation Of Wildfire Growth
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This work presents a methodology for real-time estimation of wildland fire growth, utilizing afire growth model based on a set of partial differential equations for prediction, and harnessing concepts of space-time Kalman filtering and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition techniques towards low dimensional estimation of potentially large spatio-temporal states. The estimation framework is discussed in its criticality towards potential applications such as forest fire surveillance with unmanned systems equipped with onboard sensor suites. The effectiveness of the estimation process is evaluated numerically over fire growth data simulated using a well-established fire growth model described by coupled partial differential equations. The methodology is shown to be fairly accurate in estimating spatio-temporal process states through noise-ridden measurements for real-time deploy ability.
    Creator/Author:
    Sharma, Balaji R.; Cohen, Kelly, and Kumar, Manish
    Submitter:
    Kelly Cohen
    Date Uploaded:
    02/08/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/05/2017
    Date Created:
    2013-10
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Spatio-temporal estimation of wildfire growth

    Article thumbnail: Spatio-temporal estimation of wildfire growth
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This work presents a methodology for real-time estimation of wildland fire growth, utilizing a fire growth model based on a set of partial differential equations for prediction, and harnessing concepts of space-time Kalman filtering and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition techniques towards low dimensional estimation of potentially large spatio-temporal states. The estimation framework is discussed in its criticality towards potential applications such as forest fire surveillance with unmanned systems equipped with onboard sensor suites. The effectiveness of the estimation process is evaluated numerically over fire growth data simulated using a well-established fire growth model described by coupled partial differential equations. The methodology is shown to be fairly accurate in estimating spatio-temporal process states through noise-ridden measurements for real-time deployability.
    Creator/Author:
    Sharma, Balaji R.; Cohen, Kelly, and Kumar, Manish
    Submitter:
    Kelly Cohen
    Date Uploaded:
    02/03/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/05/2017
    Date Created:
    2013-10
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Spatially Distributed Forcing and Jet Vectoring with a Plasma Actuator

    Article thumbnail: Spatially Distributed Forcing and Jet Vectoring with a Plasma Actuator
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The ability to spatially alter both the amount of body force along the span of a plasma actuator and the angle of the resulting jet relative to the surface has been demonstrated. A dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator consists of two electrodes separated by a dielectric barrier, which imparts momentum to the surrounding fluid parallel to the dielectric. To investigate a technique to shape the spanwise body force created by the plasma actuator, a control volume momentum balance was used. By shaping the buried electrode along the span of the actuator, the local volume of plasma generated can be controlled, which is related to the local body force. Pressure measurements were taken in the boundary layer behind the actuator to calculate the momentum imparted to the flow at various spanwise locations corresponding to different electrode widths. Particle image velocimetry data were then used to show that spatially varying, steady jets could be created with the use of only one actuator by varying the width of the buried electrode in a quiescent flow. The angle of the jet created, relative to the dielectric, by a plasma synthetic jet is also investigated. By pointing two plasma actuators at each other, an inverted impinging jet can be created as a result of the two independent jets colliding. By altering the strength of one of the jets relative to the other, the angle of separation can be changed. Particle image velocimetry data were taken to show the effects of altering the voltage (strength) applied to one of the actuators relative to the other. It was found that, with this method, jet vectoring could be achieved. The angle of the jet could be controlled a full 180 deg through small changes in the voltage applied to the electrodes, also in a quiescent flow.
    Creator/Author:
    Enloe, C. L.; Cohen, Kelly; Porter, C.; McLaughlin, T., and Abbas, A.
    Submitter:
    Kelly Cohen
    Date Uploaded:
    02/13/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/05/2017
    Date Created:
    2009-06
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Solely Magnetic Genetic/Fuzzy-Attitude-Control Algorithm for a CubeSat

    Article thumbnail: Solely Magnetic Genetic/Fuzzy-Attitude-Control Algorithm for a CubeSat
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    A genetic algorithm was used to optimize performance of a fuzzy inference system acting as a controller for a magnetically actuated CubeSat. A solely magnetically controlled satellite is a nonlinear, underactuated system for which the uncontrollable axis varies as a function of orbit position and attitude; variation is approximately periodic with orbit position. Therefore, controllability is not guaranteed, making solely magnetic control a less than ideal option for spacecraft requiring a high degree of pointing accuracy or spacecraft subject to relatively large disturbances. However, for small spacecraft, such as CubeSats, with modest pointing and disturbance rejection requirements, solely magnetic actuation is a good option. The genetic-algorithm-tuned fuzzy controller solution was compared to a similar linear quadratic regulator solution that was tuned to minimize the cost function used by the genetic algorithm. Both were optimized with respect to a single set of initial conditions. The genetic-algorithm-tuned fuzzy controller was found to be a lower-cost solution than the linear quadratic regulator for the optimized set of initial conditions. Additionally, a Monte Carlo analysis showed the genetic-algorithm-tuned fuzzy controller tended to settle faster than the linear quadratic regulator over a variety of initial conditions.
    Creator/Author:
    Cohen, Kelly; Putman, Philip T., and Walker, Alex R.
    Submitter:
    Kelly Cohen
    Date Uploaded:
    02/13/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/05/2017
    Date Created:
    2015-09
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Social Networks of Technology Caregivers and Caregivees

    Article thumbnail: Social Networks of Technology Caregivers and Caregivees
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The paper focuses on exploring the social networks of technology caregivers and caregivees and also work on learning their preferred mode of information exchange. Responses from the participants of the study will throw light on the relationships between different efficacies (discussed in detail in the paper) that may have an impact on an individual’s decision. Participant’s responses are recorded through well constructed surveys that have been distributed around by word of mouth or specific social media platforms which will also prove if being a power user has any effect on the end result. The responses will be analyzed and the various efficacy constructs such as self efficacy, community collective efficacy will be kept in mind.
    Creator/Author:
    Kaushik, Sanjana and Elrod, Nathan J.
    Submitter:
    Jess Kropczynski
    Date Uploaded:
    05/15/2020
    Date Modified:
    05/15/2020
    Date Created:
    2020-04-14
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Snack Food Package Design: Exploratory Study on Children’s Snack Choices and Design Elements

    Article thumbnail: Snack Food Package Design: Exploratory Study on Children’s Snack Choices and Design Elements
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Packaging is an essential element of design for both consumers and businesses. Product packaging functions both as a communication tool for product information and for brand messages. In addition, the role of visual elements and messages on snack packages are not well understood. This is particularly true from the standpoint of influencing the selection of snack food in children, even though there has been growth in the economic power of children as a consumer group. Therefore, this study examines: 1) the role of design variables such as typography, images, and the stylistic combination of these visual elements in affecting children’s snack food selection; 2) the role of health messages on children’s snack food selections; and 3) the role of perceived ‘healthiness’ in influencing children’s snack food selections. Digitally- simulated snack package images were created and sixty children ages 9 to13 were recruited for this study. From these design variables, ‘preferred-selections’ and ‘perceived healthy-selection’ of children in this age group were identified.
    Creator/Author:
    Ladjahasan, Nora and Kang, Sunghyun R.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/18/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Smart Home Repos: Taking Data from Devices

    Article thumbnail: Smart Home Repos: Taking Data from Devices
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This is an ongoing research project focused on creating a framework for capturing various artifacts concerning Internet of Things devices. Research has shown a severe lack of frameworks focusing on collecting data from and about IoT devices. Mozilla’s WebThings Gateway focuses on collecting this information from the devices. This project expects to find methods of IoT data collection through a proposed test-bed utilizing the WebThings Gateway.
    Creator/Author:
    Mahajan, Pranav
    Submitter:
    Jess Kropczynski
    Date Uploaded:
    05/15/2020
    Date Modified:
    05/15/2020
    Date Created:
    2020-04-14
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Setting the Course: Instilling, Comprehension, Curation, and Implementation of Research in Four year, College Graphic Design Programs

    Article thumbnail: Setting the Course: Instilling, Comprehension, Curation, and Implementation of Research in Four year, College Graphic Design Programs
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Graphic design students require a foundation in understanding, utilizing and conducting research. The discipline would benefit from standards for quantitative, qualitative, mixedmethods and practical approaches to graphic design-specific research. This paper examines the role of graphic design research in college-level graphic design pedagogy. This study is motivated by two research questions: [1] what theoretical analysis and practical approaches to graphic design research are graphic design educators currently implementing? [2] How can college-level graphic design educators build a culture of research literacy in graphic design baccalaureate programs? Literature describing the theoretical and practical instruction of graphic design research in college-level graphic design education is limited. The intention of this study is to advance the understanding of how graphic design educators define and implement graphic design research, first through qualitative analysis of a survey of four-year, graphic design degree program professors across the U.S. followed by in-depth interviews with published educators practicing research. The study’s interviews elaborate on the specifics of graphic design research through the lenses of professors developing and implementing graphic design research in four-year undergraduate programs, in their own practices, and in the discipline-wide conversation and study of graphic design research itself. In the study’s conclusion, potential future research is discussed.
    Creator/Author:
    Dersch, Madonna G.
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Service Design as a Way to Engage Communities

    Article thumbnail: Service Design as a Way to Engage Communities
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In an equally distressed and burgeoning community just outside of our major metropolitan city, there is a history of transformation efforts—from creative placemaking, to affordable housing initiatives, to economic re-development—which have all seemed to fall short in the area of community engagement. From the creation of neighborhood festivals that have low resident turnout, to a backlash of discouraged citizens who feel unheard and uninformed, there was a need to re-consider how to involve this unique community—made up of four very distinct neighborhoods— in the imminent re-development of the area in which they live. In the winter of 2016, our service design and creative strategy consultancy was brought in to a city-wide visionary community development project tied to our rapidly approaching bicentennial, in order to utilize service design methodologies as a way to engage communities and to design with organizations and community residents according to their needs and desires. This short paper will highlight a case study of an ongoing collaboration between our consultancy; a non-profit organization dedicated to the growth of it’s community; a higher education institution with a legacy of community engagement; a local office of the country’s largest community development corporation focused on Creative Placemaking and community revitalization; and, most importantly, various residents and stakeholders. The accompanying poster will visualize the process of engagement of various community stakeholders, tailored design research methods, and mechanisms for assessing short- and longterm community impact.
    Creator/Author:
    Wada, Terri and Napier, Pamela
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/28/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/02/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Selective Inhibition of A549 Lung Cancer Stem Cell Tumorspheres by a Bacterial Antibiotic Supernatant

    Article thumbnail: Selective Inhibition of A549 Lung Cancer Stem Cell Tumorspheres by a Bacterial Antibiotic Supernatant
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Non-small cell lung cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer that is responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recurrence and metastasis continue as a major barriers to the successful treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer stem cells are a main contributor to cancer recurrence and metastasis thus, a target for lung anticancer therapy. Evidence that some antibiotics are effective cancer stem cell inhibitors makes the identification of new antibiotic cancer stem cell inhibitors a key area in lung anticancer drug discovery. Previously we isolated antibiotic producing bacteria as a part of the Tiny Earth® network and screened their media supernatants for the ability to inhibit cancer stem cells using a tumorsphere assay. One supernatant inhibited breast, prostate, and lung cancer stem cells. In the present study, we find that this antibiotic active supernatant selectively inhibits A549 lung cancer stem cells over bulk A549 lung cancer cells.
    Creator/Author:
    Shirokawa, Jill M.; Girard, Anne-Lise; Patel, Yatra, and Maiorano, John N.
    Submitter:
    Jill Shirokawa
    Date Uploaded:
    10/01/2026
    Date Modified:
    10/02/2026
    Date Created:
    2025-09-24
    License:
    Attribution 4.0 International

  • Securing A Small Office Home Office Network: Integrating A Supervised Neural Network Algorithm

    Article thumbnail: Securing A Small Office Home Office Network: Integrating A Supervised Neural Network Algorithm
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Small office home office networks have become a target for many threat actors, hackers and cyber attackers and hence there is an urgent need to secure the network from such attackers. Most small office home office network users do not see the need to provide enough security to their networks because they assume no one is going to hack them forgetting that the biggest threat of our small home networks today comes from the outside. The challenge of misconfiguration of routers, firewalls and default configurations in our small home networks renders the network vulnerable to attacks such as DDos , phishing attacks , virus and other network attacks hence the need to implement a detection algorithm to help identify flaws in the pattern of the small office network. It turns out that about 75% of existing approaches focused on intrusion detection in 802.11 wireless networks of a SOHO and not the entire network. These approaches do not efficiently secure the network entirely leaving the rest prone to attacks can occur with or without the internet. This paper proposes to add another layer of security to the other preventive measures in a SOHO network by designing, implementing and testing a supervised neural network algorithm to identify attacks on the small home network and also to send a notification to users to keep them informed of the activities on their network. The supervised neural network algorithm will have a dataset representing both attacks and non-attacks which will be used in the training phase. The system should be able to detect and identify the various attacks and anomalies when they occur on the network and help keep the users informed.
    Creator/Author:
    Azumah, Sylvia Worlali and Li, Chengcheng
    Submitter:
    Jess Kropczynski
    Date Uploaded:
    05/15/2020
    Date Modified:
    05/15/2020
    Date Created:
    2020-04-14
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Scraping The Deep Web: A 3-Dimensional Framework For Cyber-Threat Intelligence

    Article thumbnail: Scraping The Deep Web: A 3-Dimensional Framework For Cyber-Threat Intelligence
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Cyberspace is one of the most complex systems ever built by humans. The utilization of cybertechnology resources are used ubiquitously by many, but sparsely understood by the majority of the users. In the past, cyberattacks were usually orchestrated in a random pattern of attack to lure unsuspecting targets. However, the cyber virtual environment is an ecosystem that provided a platform for an organized and sophisticated approach to launch an attack against a specific target group or organization by nefarious actors. In 2019, the average cost of cyber-attack in the US was about $1.6 million. This paper proposes a 3D framework to signal new threat alert before the actual occurrence of the threat on the surface web to alert cybersecurity experts and law enforcement agencies in preventive measures or means of mitigating the severity of damage caused by cyberattacks. The methodology combines information extracted from the deep web through a smart web crawler with socio-personal and technical indicators from twitter which is mapped with OTX (Open Threat Exchange). The OTX is an open-source cyber threat platform managed by security experts. The OTX endpoint security tool(OTX python SDK) will be used to identify a new type of cyber threats. The effectiveness of the framework will be tested using the machine learning algorithm precision-recall rate.
    Creator/Author:
    Adewale, Adewopo Victor and Gonen, Bilal
    Submitter:
    Jess Kropczynski
    Date Uploaded:
    05/15/2020
    Date Modified:
    05/15/2020
    Date Created:
    2020-04-14
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Scaffold for designing modern products by reinterpreting the technique and philosophy of traditional crafts

    Article thumbnail: Scaffold for designing modern products by reinterpreting the technique and philosophy of traditional crafts
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The technique and philosophy of traditional crafts are relevant aspects of our culture that should be passed on to future generations. However, using traditional crafts in modern life in their original form can be a challenge. It is essential to reinterpret them in the modern context, keeping the essence of tradition. For this purpose, we conducted case studies of Koishiwara and Yame in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, where Japanese traditional crafts are still manufactured. We used Koishiwara Pottery and Yame-Fukushima Buddhist Altar manufacturing as our investigation objects, conducted studies on their historical background and performed detailed observations of manufacturing techniques and processes. Thereafter, we developed the concept of “KATA” in Japanese, generally translated as type or prototype. “KATA” has several other meanings; in this study, we subdivided the concept into three elements, namely, shape, pattern, and style. We used “KATA” to build a framework to be used as a scaffold to help analyze the techniques and background of traditional crafts and reinterpret them to design products in the modern context. Based on reinterpretations, we developed a series of prototypes of modern tableware with the essential techniques of traditional crafts to verify the usefulness of the framework.
    Creator/Author:
    Ikeda, Minako
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/21/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Saints and Sons: Painting Power, Piety, and the Performance of Nobility in Zurbarán’s Saint Peter Nolasco Recovering the Image of the Virgin of El Puig.

    Article thumbnail: Saints and Sons: Painting Power, Piety, and the Performance of Nobility in Zurbarán’s Saint Peter Nolasco Recovering the Image of the Virgin of El Puig.
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The young boy in Francisco de Zurbarán’s (1598-1664) Saint Peter Nolasco Recovering the Image of the Virgin of El Puig (1630) has been suggested to be either Zurbarán’s son, Juan de Zurbarán (1620–1649), or the son of James I of Aragon, Alfonso of Castile (1229–1260). Despite visual dominance, most scholars do not address the boy, and those who do offer conflicting identifications. This paper bridges the gap between these varying opinions, and concretely identifies the most formally important figure in this commission that defined Zurbarán’s career. The argument is built on the writings of Zurbarán scholar Martin S. Soria, as well as a comparison to Zurbarán’s body of work at large, primarily his tendency to create from life, and his suspected self-portrait, The Crucified Christ with a Painter (1650). I conclude that the child in the piece is likely a culmination of Juan and Alfonso and explore the implication of Zurbarán depicting his child in the noble and pious role of James the Conqueror’s son, paying witness to the rediscovery of the Virgin of El Puig. The combined figure of Juan and Alfonso gains significance through an exploration of historical context surrounding the legend of the Virgin of El Puig and its key figures. By drawing parallels between 17th-century Spanish colonialism contemporary to Zurbarán’s time and 13th-century Reconquista depicted in the painting, Zurbarán uses this composite figure to assert a vision of his lineage as triumphant and divinely favoured. Ultimately, this paper continues and expands upon Soria’s writings on the subject, and places Zurbarán within a Baroque tradition of artists, such as Velázquez, who used painting to assert their profession as divinely-inspired, nobel, and distinct from craftsmen.
    Creator/Author:
    Krimmer, Ruby
    Submitter:
    Ruby Krimmer
    Date Uploaded:
    04/28/2025
    Date Modified:
    04/28/2025
    Date Created:
    April 25, 2025
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Sacred Vs. Modern Design A Case from Iraq

    Article thumbnail: Sacred Vs. Modern Design A Case from Iraq
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This project is being built on the site of a thousand-year-old mosque, one of five sacred places in Iraq. People visit the place to pray, not simply because it is an old mosque, but rather because they think that the last descendant of the Prophet Mohammed will eventually be resurrected with Jesus Christ and will pray there. In 2006, an architect was hired to design the building. The premises were: 1) the design should promote the concept of sacredness, 2) this project should show belonging to the society, and 3) it should last for centuries. The results were controversial, however, by the time it was revealed to the public, the foundations had already been casted, in the hopes that people would eventually accept it. On the contrary, visitors and pilgrims became upset and began to protest the design. The construction process was thus halted in 2008, and we were hired to utilize the same foundations for a new design, one that fitted with the pilgrims' notions of “sacredness”. We began the project by surveying people’s ideas about what mosques on “holy” sites might look like, determining what a “sacred” place meant to them, and why some places are “sacred.” We discovered that most people think that “sacred” places should seem old. They also singled out some “sacred” examples for us. All these examples have one characteristic: the all hide “a certain kind of mystery”. We studied those examples and then developed our proposal, it was approved in 2011 and will be opened for public in 2018.
    Creator/Author:
    Falah, Shubber
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    10/04/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • A ROS-activatable agent elicits homologous recombination DNA repair and synergizes with pathway compounds

    Article thumbnail: A ROS-activatable agent elicits homologous recombination DNA repair and synergizes with pathway compounds
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    We have designed ROS-activated cytotoxic agents that are active against AML cancer cells. In this study the mechanism and synergistic effects against cells co-expressing the AML oncogenes MLL-AF9 fusion and FLT3-ITD was investigated. The agent had an IC50 value of 1.8±0.3 μM with a selectivity of 9-fold compared to untransformed cells. Treatment induced DNA strand breaks, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Proteomics and transcriptomics revealed enhanced expression of the pentose phosphate pathway, DNA repair, and pathways common to cell stress. Western blotting confirmed repair by homologous recombination. Importantly, RAC1 treatment was synergistic in combination with multiple pathway targeting therapies in AML cells but less so in untransformed cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that RAC1 can selectively target poor prognosis AML and do so by creating DNA double strand breaks that require homologous recombination.
    Creator/Author:
    Wunderlich, Mark; Mulloy, James C.; Greis, Kenneth D.; Merino, Edward J.; Thowfeik, Fathima Shazna; Wyder, Michael; AbdulSalam, Safnas F., and Kadekaro, Ana L.
    Submitter:
    Kenneth Greis
    Date Uploaded:
    03/03/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/07/2017
    Date Created:
    2015-09
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Research on the user behavior between China and USA elderly people in public space

    Article thumbnail: Research on the user behavior between China and USA elderly people in public space
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The user experience difference between China and USA elderly people in using public space was discussed in this paper based on the questionnaire process. 1960 elderly people were selected from the four cities in Shanghai (China), Wuxi (China), New York City (USA), Cincinnati (USA) to complete the questionnaire, and the result shows the similarities and differences between the elderly people in China and USA. That is: The using frequency of the public space for the former is much higher than the later; the main purpose of the former in public space is sports and fitness, and relaxation is the chief choice of the later; weather condition and easy communication are the key factors for former to participate in public space, while timing is that for the later; all the elderly people in the two countries are favorite on the sports and fitness, but the party chatting is the feature of the former and the sightseeing is the feature of the later; the facility requirement is the most important attributes for the former to the public space, and the interaction design is the unique demands of the later, while the former had no interests on that demands. In the end, the reason for all the similarities and differences were analyzed in this paper, and the culture, the economics, as well as the politics factors were discussed in detail.
    Creator/Author:
    Wei, Na and Xin, XiangYang
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/30/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • The Research on Design Framework for Citizen Science

    Article thumbnail: The Research on Design Framework for Citizen Science
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    Citizen science is a process in which ordinary citizens contribute to scientific research. How to create citizen science design framework to achieve better awareness, initiative and action is our research focus. This paper will explore citizen science design in the context of smart city, on the basis of activity theory and by means of digital social innovation. “Smart City” concept provides new elements including social communication, collaborative design and innovative community to citizen science. With the rapid development of science and information & communication technologies (ICTs) and with the arrival of Web 2.0, social innovation is endowed with digital factors so as to be evolved to digital social innovation (DSI) which gives various design perspectives on citizen science and also plays an important part in establishing citizen science evaluation model. In this paper, a citizen science design framework consisting of citizen science content model, design model and evaluation model is proposed by discussing related theories, models and citizen science cases. It acts as not only design lead to inspire two citizen science case practices, but also an evaluation term in the view of citizen science. The framework and models developed in this research will hopefully be leveraged and refined to support citizen science design in the future.
    Creator/Author:
    Wang, Lu; Fu, Zhiyong, and Lin, Jia
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    11/17/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/05/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Relative Importance of Blockchain in Health Care: Enhancing data sharing and mitigating cyber security crimes

    Article thumbnail: Relative Importance of Blockchain in Health Care: Enhancing data sharing and mitigating cyber security crimes
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This paper looks at the opportunities and challenges of implementing blockchain technology across the medical sector and provides a clear view which can enable blockchain for more extents. After a notable research on underlying blockchain technology which offers distributed governance, immutable audit trail, provenance of data, robustness and privacy, we contrasted blockchain innovations and identified prominent applications of it in historically decentralized healthcare sectors. As the healthcare industry faces many challenges like unauthorised data sharing, lack of data transparency, ransomware, data breaches and cyber crimes, blockchain is one of the best ways to enhance data sharing and to mitigate prominent cyber crimes. By proper designing of a decentralized and immutable blockchain network where the data is dispersed among credentialed social insurance experts guarantees that cybercriminals cannot touch single patient’s confidential data, which facilitates encryption or cryptography of personal data where no patient’s emergency data is at extreme hazard. Blockchain trust-worthy cloud is one of the most powerful and secure ways of storing high confidential data. After analysing Blockchain implementations and identifying its potential in healthcare, we conclude with several promising directions for future research.
    Creator/Author:
    Ponnakanti, Hari Priya; Ozer, Murat, and Gonen, Bilal
    Submitter:
    Jess Kropczynski
    Date Uploaded:
    05/15/2020
    Date Modified:
    05/15/2020
    Date Created:
    2020-04-14
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Refined Structure of the Lipophosphoglycan of Leishmania donovani

    Article thumbnail: Refined Structure of the Lipophosphoglycan of Leishmania donovani
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    The primary structure of the major surface glycoconjugate of Leishmania donovani parasites, a lipophosphoglycan, has been further characterized. The repeating PO4-6Galp beta 1-4Man disaccharide units, which are a salient feature of the molecule, are shown to terminate with one of several neutral structures, the most abundant of which is the branched trisaccharide Galp beta 1-4(Manp alpha 1-2)Man. The phosphosaccharide core of lipophosphoglycan, which links the disaccharide repeats to a lipid anchor, contains 2 phosphate residues. One of the core phosphates has previously been localized on O-6 of the galactosyl residue distal to the lipid anchor; the second phosphate is now shown to be on O-6 of the mannosyl residue distal to the anchor and to bear an alpha-linked glucopyranosyl residue. Also, the anomeric configuration of the unusual 3-substituted Galf residue in the phosphosaccharide core is established as beta. The complete structure of the core is thus PO4-6Galp alpha 1-6Galp alpha 1-3Galf beta 1-3[Glcp alpha 1-PO4-6]Manp alpha 1-3Manp alpha 1-4GlcN alpha 1-. This further clarification of the structure of lipophosphoglycan may prove beneficial in determining the structure-function relationships of this highly unusual glycoconjugate.
    Creator/Author:
    Ferguson, Michael A. J.; Turco, Salvatore J.; Thomas, Jerry R.; Gorin, Philip A. J.; Homans, Steven W.; McConville, Malcom J.; Greis, Kenneth D., and Thomas-Oates, Jane E.
    Submitter:
    Kenneth Greis
    Date Uploaded:
    03/01/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/07/2017
    Date Created:
    1992-05
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • Re-clarifying Design Problems through Questions for Secondary School Children

    Article thumbnail: Re-clarifying Design Problems through Questions for Secondary School Children
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    It is believed that secondary school students often define design problems in the design coursework superficially due to various reasons such as lack of exposure, inexperience and the lack of research skills. Questioning techniques have long been associated with the development of critical thinking. Based on this context and assumption, the current study aimed to explore the use of questioning techniques to enable pre-tertiary students to improve their understanding of design problems by using questions to critique their thinking and decision-making processes and in turn, generate more effective design solutions. A qualitative approach is adopted in this study to identify the trajectories of students during design problem identification and clarification process. Using student design journals as a form of record for action and thoughts, they are analysed and supplemented by hearing survey with the teacher-in-charge. From the study, the following points can be concluded: 1) questions can be a useful tool to facilitate a better understanding of the design problem. 2) The process of identification and clarification of design problem is important in the development of critical thinking skills and social-emotional skills of the students. 3) It is important that students are given time and opportunity to find out the problems by themselves. 4) Teachers can be important role models as students may pick up questioning techniques from teacher student discussions. 5) Departmental reviews and built-in professional development time for weekly reviews on teaching and learning strategies are necessary for the continual improvement D&T education.
    Creator/Author:
    Wei Leong, LEE; Hwee Mui, Grace KWEK, and Wei Leong, Leon LOH
    Submitter:
    Lora Alberto
    Date Uploaded:
    12/01/2017
    Date Modified:
    02/08/2018
    Date Created:
    2017-10-31
    License:
    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

  • Reassessing US Grand Strategy – Part 1: The Current State of US Grand Strategy

    Article thumbnail: Reassessing US Grand Strategy – Part 1: The Current State of US Grand Strategy
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    This is part one of a mini-series attempting to grapple with US grand strategy and the potential need for its re-assessment. The goal of this series is to introduce readers to grand strategy, ideally prompting more to grapple with US grand strategy and grand strategy more broadly. The author is fleshing out their own ideas, so don’t take the work as gospel, but rather as a starting point for your own journey. In part one, an overview of the current state of US grand strategy is given. In part two, grand strategy is defined as a concept, a more detailed argument for the need of reassessment is put forth, and resources on grand strategy are listed for interested readers. In part three, four typologies of US grand strategic thought are summarized and contrasted with what US grand strategy has arguably been since the end of WWII. In part four, some general thoughts on the means and ends of reassessing US grand strategy will be described. Additional articles on grand strategy may appear over time.
    Creator/Author:
    Turner, Grant
    Submitter:
    Grant Turner
    Date Uploaded:
    09/18/2021
    Date Modified:
    09/18/2021
    Date Created:
    2021-08-11
    License:
    Attribution 4.0 International

  • Purification and Characterization an Extracellular Phosphoglycan from Leishmania donovani

    Article thumbnail: Purification and Characterization an Extracellular Phosphoglycan from Leishmania donovani
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    An extracellular phosphoglycan (exPG), present in the culturem edium of the promastigote form L oefi shmania donovani, was purified and structurally characterized. The purification scheme included ethanol precipitation of the culture medium, anion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose, and preparative polyacrylamgeild e electrophoresis. Structural analysis by ‘H-’H NMR, methylation linkage analysis, and glycosidase digestion revealed that the exPG consisted of thfoel lowing structure: (CAP)+[P04-6Galp@1-4Manpal]lo-11-POr6GalpB1-4Man. The capw as found to be ones eovf eral small, neutral oligosaccharides, the most abundant of which was the trisaccharide Galp@l-4(Manpal-2)Man. The results indicated structural analogy to the cellular-derived lipophosphoglycan (LPG) from L. donovani. The important exceptions are a lacko f the lipid anchor, the entire phosphosaccharide core, and several of the repeating disaccharide units. Although the function of exPGis presently unknowni,t may play a protective role for the promastigote in the insect vector or during infection of a mammalian host
    Creator/Author:
    Turco, Salvatore J.; Thomas, Jerry R.; Homans, Steven W.; Ferguson, Michael A.; McConville, Malcolm J., and Greis, Kenneth D.
    Submitter:
    Kenneth Greis
    Date Uploaded:
    03/01/2017
    Date Modified:
    04/07/2017
    Date Created:
    1992-04
    License:
    All rights reserved

  • The Pulse of a Nation: A Study on the Cybersecurity Issues Plaguing the Healthcare Industry

    Article thumbnail: The Pulse of a Nation: A Study on the Cybersecurity Issues Plaguing the Healthcare Industry
    Type:
    Article
    Description/Abstract:
    In this paper, I study how medical records are being used by cyber-criminal for financial gain and patient manipulation. I studied what kind of criminal organizations may be involved in these operations and confirmed incidents from the black market. I conducted a literature review which generated several sources from online databases. I determined five major criminal factions that are most likely to use compromised medical records, determined possible motivations and looked at several cases of medical records being sold on the black market. The healthcare industry’s digitization efforts have left it tremendously ill-equip to combat emerging threats. It is evident that the healthcare industry must take extreme measures in order to counteract the evolving threat landscape. It is my hope that the findings of paper will being to shed light on these issues and help healthcare professionals understand what kind of threats the industry is facing.
    Creator/Author:
    Angel, William
    Submitter:
    William Angel
    Date Uploaded:
    10/10/2018
    Date Modified:
    10/10/2018
    Date Created:
    2018-04-23
    License:
    All rights reserved