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1. Writing into the Unknown: Speculative, Arts-Based Writing as Creative Composition and Design Research Method

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: How do arts-based writing endeavors catalyze generative thinking and support research development in design students’ thesis endeavors? This paper offers reflections from an industrial design masters student, a graphic design masters student, and their arts education professor in a School of Design at a Research I institution. Informed by theoretical and historical contexts of the design discipline and perspectives from composition studies and fine arts practice, we explore the potential of arts-based writing as an evocative, speculative tool and a distinctive form of reflective practice for the development of graduate design research. We suggest that arts-based writing’s iterative process, dialogic engagement, and speculative approach to knowledge-construction provide critical, reflective structures for working through uncertainties and thus are uniquely responsive to the evolving epistemologies of the transdisciplinary university. Three focal questions guide this reflection: What is arts-based writing? What role does arts-based writing play in students’ design research endeavors? How can arts-based writing practices support the growth of speculative and pragmatic design research?
Creator/Author:: Bruner, Olivia; Daiello, Vittoria, and Casey, Davida
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 05/11/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

2. What is worth doing in design research?

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: IASDR 2017 Guest Speaker Meredith Davis has taught for forty-seven years and served as head of the Department of Graphic Design, Director of Graduate Programs in Graphic Design, and Director of the PhD Design program at NC State University. She is an AIGA fellow and national medalist, Alexander Quarles Holladay Medalist for Teaching Excellence, and fellow and former member of the accreditation commission of the National Association of Schools of Art and Design, for which she drafted the national standards for the evaluation of college-level design programs. She serves as a member of the education advisory committee of the Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian National Design Museum and is a former president of the American Center for Design. Meredith is a frequent author–including four books on design and design education– and serves on the editorial boards of She Ji and Design Issues. Her research includes a two-year study of design-based teaching and learning for the National Endowment for the Arts, which received a CHOICE award from the National Association of College and Research Libraries. She has served on the development teams for two National Assessments of Educational Progress, most recently for the scenario-based evaluation of 21,500 students in Technology and Engineering Design Literacy. She authored a five-year research study of teaching critical and creative thinking across the college curriculum, featured in a study by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development on the effectiveness of higher education in preparing students for innovation jobs. She has reviewed proposals for the Smithsonian Office of Education and Museum Studies, National Science Foundation, US Department of Education, Institute of Museum and Library Services, and Canadian Foundation for Innovation, and her work has been funded by the Kenan Institute for Engineering, Science and Technology; National Endowment for the Arts; Worldesign Foundation; and several state commissions.
Creator/Author:: Davis, Meredith
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 02/05/2018
Date Modified:: 03/01/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

3. We're Here For the Humans

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: IASDR 2017 Guest Speaker Bob Schwartz joined GE Healthcare (GEHC) in December 2007 as General Manager, Global Design & User Experience. With five studios in four countries, Bob is responsible for overseeing the Global Design function encompassing human factors, industrial design, ergonomics, user-interface, environmental design, and design research. As a strategic driver of organic business growth, his team focuses on the look, feel usability and end-to-end experience of GEHC products and services. Bob is also the GE Healthcare Global Executive Sponsor of the People with Disabilities Network. Since 2009, Global Design/UX has been the recipient of 19 medals from the International Design Excellence Awards (IDEA) and was listed, in 2011, by Fast Company magazine as a Corporate Design Stronghold. In 2015, Bob’s career trajectory was cited by Fast Company as among the top Chief Design Officers. In 2015 the Industrial Designers Society of America (IDSA) named him among the 50 most notable industrial designers of the last 50 years. Bob was recently elected Chair of the Board of the Design Management Institute. Continuously engaged in Design education throughout his career, he is a two-term member of the Board of Trustees of the Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design and its Executive Committee and is Chair of its Academic Excellence Committee. Bob is also a member of the Design Management Advisory Board at Northwestern University and has had similar roles at Savannah College of Art and Design and Carnegie Mellon University. Further, he has also held a design faculty appointment at the University of Cincinnati. While at P&G, Bob applied his leadership to developing the School Collaboratives Program there and has created similar relationships in his other roles with academic institutions globally. Bob joined GEHC from Procter & Gamble, where he was a global design leader working to transform the design function there to a strategically relevant capability, which is now comprised of 350 global designers and design managers. Prior to P&G, Bob was Vice President, New Product Development, at Levolor Kirsch, a division of Newell Rubbermaid, where he brought innovation to the home decor industry. At Motorola, Bob was the Director of Design, responsible globally for all key product lines within the Commercial, Government, Industrial and Consumer Products businesses. As Executive Director and COO for the Industrial Designers Society of America (IDSA) Bob forged an unprecedented relationship with Business Week magazine to annually publish the Industrial Design Excellence (IDEA) awards and later the Catalyst Awards. This accomplishment led to Bob receiving a United Nations appointment to the People's Republic of China as Senior Advisor for Design. He has also testified before Congress on a Bill to establish a US Design Center in the Dept. of Commerce. Bob was also the Director, Science and Technology Programs for AdvaMed, where he forged strong partnerships with the FDA, HCFA and Congress and lobbied and directed policy and voluntary standards research for circulatory and cardiovascular devices, healthcare information systems and the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Prior to this, Bob was the head of Corporate Industrial Design and Architecture for the American Red Cross, where he implemented new nation-wide mobile blood collection, tissue banking and disaster services systems and blood center laboratory designs. Most notably, Bob was inducted into the IDSA Academy of Fellows at the 2007 World Congress of Industrial Design, for his outstanding contributions to the industry. Bob has a Masters degree in Industrial Design from the Rhode Island School of Design, where he was a Roddy Scholar, and a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Industrial & Graphic Design from the Kansas City Art Institute.
Creator/Author:: Schwartz, Robert
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 03/22/2018
Date Modified:: 04/05/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

4. A Virtual Wisdom Mining ‘Pan’ For Connecting Retired Experts With Currently Active Professionals

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Proceedings of the 2018 Information Technology Research Symposium
Creator/Author:: Information Technology Research Symposium
Submitter:: Jess Kropczynski
Date Uploaded:: 08/21/2018
Date Modified:: 05/23/2019
Date Created:: 2018-04-10
License:: All rights reserved

5. Virtual Reality in Healthcare

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This paper presents a prime aspect of Augmented and Virtual Reality development in the field of healthcare. We explored several recent works and articles and a comparison between generic application development and immersive technology-based application is included. The paper talks about more practical approaches that can be taken to enhance the effectiveness of the application. The resources (infrastructure) to complete this study are provided by the University of Cincinnati’s Center for Simulation and Virtual Environment Research (UCSIM). And several experiments and projects in the field of health care are used as a reference to make conclusions.
Creator/Author:: Gonen, Bilal and Ajmera, Himanshu
Submitter:: Himanshu Ajmera
Date Uploaded:: 07/22/2019
Date Modified:: 07/22/2019
Date Created:: 2019-05-08
License:: All rights reserved

6. Using practice-led industrial/product design research to explore opportunities to support manufacturing-related enterprise in Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) countries

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The profession of industrial/product design has the capacity to support wealth generation through a product-driven supply chain that extends across services that include manufacturing, distribution, sales and maintenance. Moving away from the more typical manufacturing approaches of developed countries, where the resources available to support designers employ advanced technologies and materials, this paper discusses an on-going UK Arts and Humanities Research Council-funded project to explore ways in which industrial/product design can provide opportunities for entrepreneurship and employment in countries on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee (DAC) List and receive Overseas Development Assistance (ODA). Through practice-lad research with participants from Uganda, Kenya, Indonesia and Turkey; industrial/product design educators/researchers/practitioners shared knowledge and expertise and engaged in creative activity to translate propositions into proposals with the potential for manufacture in each of the four countries. The findings, articulated product visualisations, indicate significant potential to support manufacturing in countries in a variety of levels of economic development by adding value to the packaging of traditional foods; integrating low-cost imported components to add value to indigenous crafts and materials; producing contemporary furniture designs using materials that can be considered as traditional materials; and employing unorthodox and unexpected materials.
Creator/Author:: Evans, Mark and Whitehead, Timothy
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 10/08/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

7. User Operate Consistency of Experience on Daily Commodities

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This research expected to innovation designs can develop by more detail user-experience, that also reduce users unfamiliar and depressed; therefore, we investigated that people cognitive process on operated daily commodities, and we planned a tool to analyze users the area of contact and frequency. In experiment, we selected three objects whose size and shape are similar but haven’t limited way of operation. After that, we excluded feature of shape and make them consistent. We studied 30 participants response to operation and affordance, and analysis that by qualitative and quantitative. The result showed the participants have consistent posture of grasp, area of contact and way of operation in the same experimental situation; in addition, even the grip are the same, but following different functional parts, users still response a corresponding way of operation. So we suggest that shape only be as one of design factors on simple design style, and not the main factor. Designer should find other design techniques to enhance the user’s cognitive operation.
Creator/Author:: Huang, I-Nung and Yeh, Wen-Dih
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 02/08/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

8. Urban Planning in the Middle East: Analyzing Al-Tahrir Square as a Public-Political Space in Iraq

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Al-Tahrir Square, surrounded by commercial crowded streets, financial headquarters, and governmental institutions is one of the most iconic squares in Baghdad. It is part of daily life for many Iraqi people due to its central location, which is characterized by busy roads with honking cars. In this essay, I am going to explore Al-Tahrir Square in Baghdad, Iraq as a venue of rebellion for Iraqi people. Since 2015, Iraqi people from diverse backgrounds have been gathering in the square to protest for their rights every Friday. It has been the site of many historical events in Iraq although it has been established as a social place. I will explore the sociopolitical significance of Al-Tahrir Square by connecting the history of the place with how it has been changed since 1961 when the Freedom Monument was first open to the public. The research addresses the urban landscape of Al-Tahrir Square and its transformation over time, taking into consideration the political issues that affect it. I will analyze policies and regulations that have discouraged people from gathering in the Square to prevent political threats to the government and suggest ways to create safer spaces and mixed used attractions, modify the natural landscape of Al-Ummah Garden to make it more connected to the Square, and revitalize the existing kaleidoscope for closer proximity to Tigris River. Keywords: Al-Tahrir Square, Freedom monument, Al-Ummah Garden, Al-Rasheed Street, and urban planning Al-Tahrir Square has a complicated history. It was a parking lot in the 1950s, but in 1961, it use shifted and it became the location of the Freedom Monument. This shift marked AlTahrir Square as evidence of the Iraqi people’s journey of struggle and victory that designated it as a symbol of a new era of liberation from British colonialism. It has always been selected as a protest site because of its location in central Baghdad, especially in the past when it was the focal point for social gatherings. Besides being accessible from both Al-Karkh and Al-Rusafa, the two sides of Baghdad, through the highways and bridges that shorten the distance, the Square has had a long history of political demonstrations and has become a symbol for liberation, represented by the Freedom Monument.
Creator/Author:: Alberto, Lora
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 09/20/2018
Date Modified:: 09/20/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

9. Urban Planning in the Middle East: Analyzing Al-Tahrir Square as a Public-Political Space in Iraq

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Al-Tahrir Square, surrounded by commercial crowded streets, financial headquarters, and governmental institutions is one of the most iconic squares in Baghdad. It is part of daily life for many Iraqi people due to its central location, which is characterized by busy roads with honking cars. In this essay, I am going to explore Al-Tahrir Square in Baghdad, Iraq as a venue of rebellion for Iraqi people. Since 2015, Iraqi people from diverse backgrounds have been gathering in the square to protest for their rights every Friday. It has been the site of many historical events in Iraq although it has been established as a social place. I will explore the sociopolitical significance of Al-Tahrir Square by connecting the history of the place with how it has been changed since 1961 when the Freedom Monument was first open to the public. The research addresses the urban landscape of Al-Tahrir Square and its transformation over time, taking into consideration the political issues that affect it. I will analyze policies and regulations that have discouraged people from gathering in the Square to prevent political threats to the government and suggest ways to create safer spaces and mixed used attractions, modify the natural landscape of Al-Ummah Garden to make it more connected to the Square, and revitalize the existing kaleidoscope for closer proximity to Tigris River. Keywords: Al-Tahrir Square, Freedom monument, Al-Ummah Garden, Al-Rasheed Street, and urban planning Al-Tahrir Square has a complicated history. It was a parking lot in the 1950s, but in 1961, it use shifted and it became the location of the Freedom Monument. This shift marked AlTahrir Square as evidence of the Iraqi people’s journey of struggle and victory that designated it as a symbol of a new era of liberation from British colonialism. It has always been selected as a protest site because of its location in central Baghdad, especially in the past when it was the focal point for social gatherings. Besides being accessible from both Al-Karkh and Al-Rusafa, the two sides of Baghdad, through the highways and bridges that shorten the distance, the Square has had a long history of political demonstrations and has become a symbol for liberation, represented by the Freedom Monument.
Creator/Author:: Al-Tameemi, Rasha
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 09/20/2018
Date Modified:: 09/20/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

10. Triangulation as an experimental approach: Interpreting the synergistic relationship between the visual syntax, practical mechanisms and theoretical frameworks of typography used in brand marks of cultural festivals

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Typography is an important visible element of a cultural festival’s brand mark, yet is overlooked within cultural festival research. An abundance of work has been published that examines cultural festivals from cultural, economic, tourism, and place-making perspectives, yet there is a shortfall in scholarly research addressing the key role typography performs to engage audience participation through cultural festivals’ primary brand driver – the brand mark. This paper critically considers triangulation as a constructive and effective research framework for enquiry into typography deployed in the brand marks of cultural festivals and provides a roadmap to further research. Offering an analysis of how and in what way typography is being used in the brand marks for cultural festivals, this paper contributes a discussion of appropriate research methods in the examination of this material. Triangulation is engaged as a research technique combining the methods 1) content analysis, 2) case study (text analysis) and 3) a semiotic analysis of typography as a framework to advantage three perspectives on typography, capturing the complexities of the phenomenon. Through a pilot study of 20 cultural festival brand marks from English speaking countries in 2016, the findings show that triangulation of three methods is beneficial to uncovering a rich and nuanced understanding of the role of typography in brand marks. Although many research methods are available to design researchers, the authors argue that triangulation, is an appropriate method to analyze typography used in the brand marks of cultural festivals as it allows for the emergence of a heterogeneous understanding of the discipline.
Creator/Author:: Meyrick, Tonya
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 10/04/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

11. Surveying Stakeholders: Research Informing Design Curriculum

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Fundamental to design education is the creation and structure of curriculum. Neither the creation of design curriculum, nor the revaluation of existing curriculum is well documented. With no clear documentation of precedent, best practices are left open to debate. This paper and presentation will discuss the use of a survey as a research tool to assess existing curriculum at Iowa State University in the United States. This tool allowed the needs and perspectives of the program’s diverse stakeholders to be better understood. Utilizing survey methods, research revealed the convergence and divergence of stakeholders’ philosophies, theories and needs in relation to design curriculum. Accreditation and professional licensing provide base level of guidelines for design curriculum in the United States. However, each program’s curricular structure beyond these guidelines is a complicated balance of resources, facilities, faculty, and the type of institution in which it is housed. Once established, a program’s curriculum is rarely reassessed as a whole, but instead updated with the hasty addition of classes upon an existing curricular structure. Curriculum is infrequently re-addressed, and when it is, it is typically based on the experience and opinions of a select group of faculty. This paper presents how a survey was developed to collect data to inform curricular decision- making, enabling the reduction of faculty bias and speculation in the process. Lessons learned from the development of this research tool will be shared so it might be replicated at other institutions, and be efficiently repeated periodically to ensure currency of a program’s curriculum.
Creator/Author:: Quam, Andrea
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/16/2017
Date Modified:: 02/08/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

12. A Study on the Entrepreneurial Path of Design-led Startups in Taiwan

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The phenomenon of design entrepreneurship has received attention in the field of design. The trend of design entrepreneurship emerges in Taiwan and becoming a new career option for designers. Entrepreneurial activities can promote economic growth through innovation and knowledge spillovers. Studies on designer entrepreneurship are warranted because it proposes the possibility of entrepreneurial innovation, contributing to industrial and economic development. A multiple case study was employed, and seven design-led startups were selected as case study subjects to explore and conclude how these firms integrate their own profession and acquire resources to construct the value chain so as to keep the company operational and profitable. According to the results, the value chain of design-led startups is identified. The findings are further discussed to provide a better understanding of the entrepreneurial path of design-led startups in Taiwan.
Creator/Author:: Tung, Fang-Wu
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 03/05/2018
Date Modified:: 03/05/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

13. A Study on Design for Diagnostic Tool for Language Processing Ability with Aging

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The deterioration of linguistic abilities is a natural phenomenon along with aging. Therefore, various assessment tools have been developed to measure linguistic abilities of seniors and diagnose degenerative diseases such as dementia. Although most of the tools are composed of images, there are not many studies focusing on the visual design, which could significantly affect performance of the subject. In this regard, this research aims to suggest a design guideline for linguistic ability assessment tools concerning the key characteristics of the elderly, focusing on visual contents and interface. Existing related researches were mostly conducted in English-speaking countries. In order to assess the language processing abilities of Korean-speaking elders more accurately, it is necessary to develop language processing assessment tools that reflect the unique linguistic features and structure of the Korean language. Regarding the existing tools, there is a lack of research on aging, focusing on ‘verb naming. In the literature review section, the paper investigated the physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics of the elderly and extracted the key elements to consider when designing for the elderly. Also, design principles were found based on case studies and problem analysis of the existing assessment tools for language processing abilities. Lastly, we created a prototype model using ‘verb naming.’ Using the model, we have conducted an experiment and comparative analysis between different age groups to verify the validity of contents. In conclusion, we provided a design guideline for visual contents and interface of linguistic assessment tools, focusing on elderly users.
Creator/Author:: Choi, Yoo Mi
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/14/2017
Date Modified:: 10/18/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

14. Study of the implementability of tactile feedback while operating touch panel device -From two directions of efficacy & feasibility-

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: In a few years, the number of apparatuses with touch panel displays like smartphones will increase. People who are visually impaired, hearing impaired and disabled can use tactile feedback for receiving incoming communications. However, opportunities for tactile feedback applications are limited. Our hypotheses follow: as there are haptics patterns suitable for use cases, we will design haptics samples of tactile feedback and inspect their effectiveness. This study focuses on haptics patterns showing a relationship between the user’s impression and various use situations. Previous studies have been insufficient, so our target subjects inspected a limited number of objects. This study consists of two inspections: 1) We collected various haptics patterns that users had defined and analyzed the first inspection. For the next inspection, we manufactured a smartphone prototype. We matched the impression of eight haptics patterns types that we got from the subjects in the first analysis with different situations and tested various replies. Tests were repeated and recorded for various situations. As different haptics vibrations were added to emails, we inspected whether subjects could distinguish a difference in their meanings. Thus, we added different haptics patterns that corresponded to various situations. We concluded the hypothesis was effective for subjects. We could inspect the hypotheses in relation to subjects’ impressions of the haptics pattern. 2) Additionally, we obtained different results between elders and youths. Consequently, we suggested design guidelines for the new tactile feedback of the smartphone application. We suspect that haptics will be possible for a variety of interactive designs.
Creator/Author:: Wakasugi, Jien and Kubo, Masayoshi
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 02/15/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

15. Speed Dating with Design Thinking: An empirical study of managers solving business problems with design

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The concept of design thinking has received increasing attention during recent years, particularly from managers around the world. However, despite being the subject of a vast number of articles and books stating its importance, the effectiveness of this approach is unclear, as the claims about the concept are not grounded on empirical studies or evaluations. In this study, we investigated the perceptions of six design thinking methods of 21 managers in the agriculture industry as they explored employee and business-related problems and solutions using these tools in a 6-hour workshop. The results from pre and post-survey responses suggest that the managers agreed on the value design thinking could bring to their own domains and were able to articulate on how they can use them in solving problems. We conclude by proposing directions for research to further explore adaptation of design thinking for the management practice context.
Creator/Author:: McKilligan, Seda; Ringholz, David, and Dhadphale, Tejas
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 12/06/2017
Date Modified:: 10/15/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

16. Snack Food Package Design: Exploratory Study on Children’s Snack Choices and Design Elements

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Packaging is an essential element of design for both consumers and businesses. Product packaging functions both as a communication tool for product information and for brand messages. In addition, the role of visual elements and messages on snack packages are not well understood. This is particularly true from the standpoint of influencing the selection of snack food in children, even though there has been growth in the economic power of children as a consumer group. Therefore, this study examines: 1) the role of design variables such as typography, images, and the stylistic combination of these visual elements in affecting children’s snack food selection; 2) the role of health messages on children’s snack food selections; and 3) the role of perceived ‘healthiness’ in influencing children’s snack food selections. Digitally- simulated snack package images were created and sixty children ages 9 to13 were recruited for this study. From these design variables, ‘preferred-selections’ and ‘perceived healthy-selection’ of children in this age group were identified.
Creator/Author:: Ladjahasan, Nora and Kang, Sunghyun R.
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 10/18/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

17. Simple Formulae for Control of Industrial Time Delay Systems

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Control of time delay integrating systems is a challenging and ongoing research. In this paper a new structure for control of stable and integrating time delay systems is presented. The control design process is as simple as selection of some constant gains, for which simple formulae are introduced. The design methods are derived analytically, while no fractional approximation for the time delay term of the plant transfer function is used. Simulation, as well as, experimental studies reveal the exceptional effectiveness of the proposed methods in achieving a robust and well-performing tracking, even when the plant pure time delay is very large. © 2016, Brazilian Association of Computational Mechanics. All rights reserved.
Creator/Author:: Azamfar, Moslem and H. Davaie Markazi, Amir
Submitter:: Moslem Azamfar
Date Uploaded:: 06/14/2019
Date Modified:: 06/14/2019
License:: All rights reserved

18. Setting the Course: Instilling, Comprehension, Curation, and Implementation of Research in Four year, College Graphic Design Programs

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Graphic design students require a foundation in understanding, utilizing and conducting research. The discipline would benefit from standards for quantitative, qualitative, mixedmethods and practical approaches to graphic design-specific research. This paper examines the role of graphic design research in college-level graphic design pedagogy. This study is motivated by two research questions: [1] what theoretical analysis and practical approaches to graphic design research are graphic design educators currently implementing? [2] How can college-level graphic design educators build a culture of research literacy in graphic design baccalaureate programs? Literature describing the theoretical and practical instruction of graphic design research in college-level graphic design education is limited. The intention of this study is to advance the understanding of how graphic design educators define and implement graphic design research, first through qualitative analysis of a survey of four-year, graphic design degree program professors across the U.S. followed by in-depth interviews with published educators practicing research. The study’s interviews elaborate on the specifics of graphic design research through the lenses of professors developing and implementing graphic design research in four-year undergraduate programs, in their own practices, and in the discipline-wide conversation and study of graphic design research itself. In the study’s conclusion, potential future research is discussed.
Creator/Author:: Dersch, Madonna G.
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 10/08/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

19. Service Design as a Way to Engage Communities

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: In an equally distressed and burgeoning community just outside of our major metropolitan city, there is a history of transformation efforts—from creative placemaking, to affordable housing initiatives, to economic re-development—which have all seemed to fall short in the area of community engagement. From the creation of neighborhood festivals that have low resident turnout, to a backlash of discouraged citizens who feel unheard and uninformed, there was a need to re-consider how to involve this unique community—made up of four very distinct neighborhoods— in the imminent re-development of the area in which they live. In the winter of 2016, our service design and creative strategy consultancy was brought in to a city-wide visionary community development project tied to our rapidly approaching bicentennial, in order to utilize service design methodologies as a way to engage communities and to design with organizations and community residents according to their needs and desires. This short paper will highlight a case study of an ongoing collaboration between our consultancy; a non-profit organization dedicated to the growth of it’s community; a higher education institution with a legacy of community engagement; a local office of the country’s largest community development corporation focused on Creative Placemaking and community revitalization; and, most importantly, various residents and stakeholders. The accompanying poster will visualize the process of engagement of various community stakeholders, tailored design research methods, and mechanisms for assessing short- and longterm community impact.
Creator/Author:: Napier, Pamela and Wada, Terri
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 02/02/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

20. Scaffold for designing modern products by reinterpreting the technique and philosophy of traditional crafts

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The technique and philosophy of traditional crafts are relevant aspects of our culture that should be passed on to future generations. However, using traditional crafts in modern life in their original form can be a challenge. It is essential to reinterpret them in the modern context, keeping the essence of tradition. For this purpose, we conducted case studies of Koishiwara and Yame in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, where Japanese traditional crafts are still manufactured. We used Koishiwara Pottery and Yame-Fukushima Buddhist Altar manufacturing as our investigation objects, conducted studies on their historical background and performed detailed observations of manufacturing techniques and processes. Thereafter, we developed the concept of “KATA” in Japanese, generally translated as type or prototype. “KATA” has several other meanings; in this study, we subdivided the concept into three elements, namely, shape, pattern, and style. We used “KATA” to build a framework to be used as a scaffold to help analyze the techniques and background of traditional crafts and reinterpret them to design products in the modern context. Based on reinterpretations, we developed a series of prototypes of modern tableware with the essential techniques of traditional crafts to verify the usefulness of the framework.
Creator/Author:: Ikeda, Minako
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 02/08/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

21. Sacred Vs. Modern Design A Case from Iraq

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This project is being built on the site of a thousand-year-old mosque, one of five sacred places in Iraq. People visit the place to pray, not simply because it is an old mosque, but rather because they think that the last descendant of the Prophet Mohammed will eventually be resurrected with Jesus Christ and will pray there. In 2006, an architect was hired to design the building. The premises were: 1) the design should promote the concept of sacredness, 2) this project should show belonging to the society, and 3) it should last for centuries. The results were controversial, however, by the time it was revealed to the public, the foundations had already been casted, in the hopes that people would eventually accept it. On the contrary, visitors and pilgrims became upset and began to protest the design. The construction process was thus halted in 2008, and we were hired to utilize the same foundations for a new design, one that fitted with the pilgrims' notions of “sacredness”. We began the project by surveying people’s ideas about what mosques on “holy” sites might look like, determining what a “sacred” place meant to them, and why some places are “sacred.” We discovered that most people think that “sacred” places should seem old. They also singled out some “sacred” examples for us. All these examples have one characteristic: the all hide “a certain kind of mystery”. We studied those examples and then developed our proposal, it was approved in 2011 and will be opened for public in 2018.
Creator/Author:: Falah, Shubber
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 10/04/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

22. Research on the user behavior between China and USA elderly people in public space

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The user experience difference between China and USA elderly people in using public space was discussed in this paper based on the questionnaire process. 1960 elderly people were selected from the four cities in Shanghai (China), Wuxi (China), New York City (USA), Cincinnati (USA) to complete the questionnaire, and the result shows the similarities and differences between the elderly people in China and USA. That is: The using frequency of the public space for the former is much higher than the later; the main purpose of the former in public space is sports and fitness, and relaxation is the chief choice of the later; weather condition and easy communication are the key factors for former to participate in public space, while timing is that for the later; all the elderly people in the two countries are favorite on the sports and fitness, but the party chatting is the feature of the former and the sightseeing is the feature of the later; the facility requirement is the most important attributes for the former to the public space, and the interaction design is the unique demands of the later, while the former had no interests on that demands. In the end, the reason for all the similarities and differences were analyzed in this paper, and the culture, the economics, as well as the politics factors were discussed in detail.
Creator/Author:: Wei, Na and Xin, XiangYang
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 02/08/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

23. The Research on Design Framework for Citizen Science

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Citizen science is a process in which ordinary citizens contribute to scientific research. How to create citizen science design framework to achieve better awareness, initiative and action is our research focus. This paper will explore citizen science design in the context of smart city, on the basis of activity theory and by means of digital social innovation. “Smart City” concept provides new elements including social communication, collaborative design and innovative community to citizen science. With the rapid development of science and information & communication technologies (ICTs) and with the arrival of Web 2.0, social innovation is endowed with digital factors so as to be evolved to digital social innovation (DSI) which gives various design perspectives on citizen science and also plays an important part in establishing citizen science evaluation model. In this paper, a citizen science design framework consisting of citizen science content model, design model and evaluation model is proposed by discussing related theories, models and citizen science cases. It acts as not only design lead to inspire two citizen science case practices, but also an evaluation term in the view of citizen science. The framework and models developed in this research will hopefully be leveraged and refined to support citizen science design in the future.
Creator/Author:: Wang, Lu; Lin, Jia, and Fu, Zhiyong
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 02/05/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

24. Re-clarifying Design Problems through Questions for Secondary School Children

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: It is believed that secondary school students often define design problems in the design coursework superficially due to various reasons such as lack of exposure, inexperience and the lack of research skills. Questioning techniques have long been associated with the development of critical thinking. Based on this context and assumption, the current study aimed to explore the use of questioning techniques to enable pre-tertiary students to improve their understanding of design problems by using questions to critique their thinking and decision-making processes and in turn, generate more effective design solutions. A qualitative approach is adopted in this study to identify the trajectories of students during design problem identification and clarification process. Using student design journals as a form of record for action and thoughts, they are analysed and supplemented by hearing survey with the teacher-in-charge. From the study, the following points can be concluded: 1) questions can be a useful tool to facilitate a better understanding of the design problem. 2) The process of identification and clarification of design problem is important in the development of critical thinking skills and social-emotional skills of the students. 3) It is important that students are given time and opportunity to find out the problems by themselves. 4) Teachers can be important role models as students may pick up questioning techniques from teacher student discussions. 5) Departmental reviews and built-in professional development time for weekly reviews on teaching and learning strategies are necessary for the continual improvement D&T education.
Creator/Author:: Wei Leong, Leon LOH; Wei Leong, LEE, and Hwee Mui, Grace KWEK
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 12/01/2017
Date Modified:: 02/08/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

25. The Pulse of a Nation: A Study on the Cybersecurity Issues Plaguing the Healthcare Industry

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: In this paper, I study how medical records are being used by cyber-criminal for financial gain and patient manipulation. I studied what kind of criminal organizations may be involved in these operations and confirmed incidents from the black market. I conducted a literature review which generated several sources from online databases. I determined five major criminal factions that are most likely to use compromised medical records, determined possible motivations and looked at several cases of medical records being sold on the black market. The healthcare industry’s digitization efforts have left it tremendously ill-equip to combat emerging threats. It is evident that the healthcare industry must take extreme measures in order to counteract the evolving threat landscape. It is my hope that the findings of paper will being to shed light on these issues and help healthcare professionals understand what kind of threats the industry is facing.
Creator/Author:: Angel, William
Submitter:: William Angel
Date Uploaded:: 10/10/2018
Date Modified:: 10/10/2018
Date Created:: 2018-04-23
License:: All rights reserved

26. Prototyping the not-yet-existing for research and innovation: a possible process model for design research.

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Design argument and ability to recognize complex systems (Rittel & Webber, 1973) and find a way to modify them, has led other disciplines to try to understand design process and apply it to other areas of knowledge. Creative solutions and ability to innovate (Verganti, 2009) have made design a valuable resource on the contemporary economy. Nevertheless, there is still a polemic about the meaning and model of the process of academic research in the field of design (Muratovski, 2015), the ways in which design research should be conducted and the specific knowledge that is produced with the design research process. This paper tries to recognize the prototype as a basic element of the process of design, since is connected to a specific type of knowledge and based on that; it also proposes a model of the use of prototypes as a research tool based on four different theoretical concepts which importance in the field of design have been strongly stablished by different academic communities around the world.
Creator/Author:: de la Rosa, Juan
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 10/04/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

27. Proposal of an Alternative Perspective of a Time Theory

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: A formula has been developed that defines the relativity of time in a novel approach. In the present paper, this is particularized for cases of temporary dilation due to speed and gravity. Using the previous equation, that serves as basis of the theory proposed, an interpretation of the nature of Black Holes, their formation, growth, and dimension can be developed. Which ultimately leads to an alternative understanding of mass and energy.
Creator/Author:: Viana, Javier
Submitter:: Javier Viana
Date Uploaded:: 10/03/2019
Date Modified:: 10/03/2019
License:: All rights reserved

28. Proposal of a Time Theory

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: A new formula has been developed that determines the passage of time. In the paper, this is particularized for cases of temporary dilation due to speed and gravity. Additionally, using the previous equation, an interpretation of the nature of black holes, their formation, growth, and dimension can be developed. Moreover, and based on all of the above, a different way of understanding mass and space is proposed. Which ultimately implies an alternative expression that relates mass and energy.
Creator/Author:: Viaña, Javier
Submitter:: Javier Viana
Date Uploaded:: 09/06/2019
Date Modified:: 09/06/2019
Date Created:: 2016-06-10
License:: All rights reserved

29. Proposal for Design Support Application Based on Extended ADT Model

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Understanding the user’s situation is very important in the design process. There are many ways to understand a user’s situation – a designer might observe a user’s situation or a user might record their own situation in Human Centered Design (HCD) file. However, the latter of these methods has not been very popular mainly because of the burden it place on the users. This research proposes a new smartphone-based design support application, named “HN camera”, which can be used to record the users’ situation, without any additional burden on them. This application is based on the ‘Extended Alethic/Deontic/Temporal (ADT) model’ concept. A user or a designer can understand and record the user’s situation based on the Physical factor, the Kansei factor, and the Cultural factor using HN Camera. The application was used in visualizing and analyzing tourists’ travel as a service design. Through this, the effectiveness of the proposed application was clarified.
Creator/Author:: Kang, Namgyu
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 10/23/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

30. Product Identity Footprint: A Set Of Tools To Clarify The Front End Of Industrial Design Projects In Order To Start And Develop Products The Right Way.

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Having observed that many industrial design projects are started with the wrong approach, producing loss of resources, time, and professional relationships, this article presents a set of three tools that enables a clearer view of the Fuzzy Front-end (Vogel, Cagan). The first tool helps to understand the design order (Buchanan) of the product to be developed, and to place it in the utilitarian product universe (practical and economically biased), the transitional-wholistic product universe (practical, economic, and emotionally balanced), or the emotional product universe (viscerally and symbolically biased). The second identifies a product’s global purpose composed by its practical, economic, and emotional purposes, as well as the value factors they include (practical and indicative function, usability, practical or emotional cost-benefit, visceral appeal, and symbolic meaning). The third tool involves the type of project to be undertaken (vision, new development, major enhancement, or minor enhancement). Applicable to all disciplines of design, the three tools comprise the product identity footprint, which helps inform the selection of appropriate strategies to start a project the right way. It can increase the efficiency of the product development process by providing an agreed view that can be shared with all the development team, from the project sponsor to the engineering, marketing, planning, and creative departments.
Creator/Author:: Islas Munoz, JA and Rodriguez Cuevas, JM
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 01/30/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

31. A Process Mining Approach to Improving Defect Detection of SysML Models

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The development of complex and dependable systems like autonomous vehicles relies increasingly on the use of systems modeling language (SysML). In fact, SysML has become a de facto standard for systems engineering. With model-driven engineering, a SysML model serves as a reference for the early defect detection of the system under design: the earlier the errors are detected, the less is the cost of handling the errors. Mutation testing is a fault-based technique that has recently seen its applications to SysML behavioral models (e.g., state machine diagrams). Specifically, a system's state-transition design can be fed to a model checker where mutants are automatically generated and then killed against the desired design specifications (e.g., safety properties). In this paper, we present a novel approach based on process mining to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the SysML mutation testing based on model checking. In our approach, the mutation operators are applied directly to the state machine diagram. These mutants are then fed as traces into a process mining tool and checked according to the event logs. Our initial results indicates that the process mining approach kills more mutants faster than the model checking method.
Creator/Author:: Alenazi, Mounifah; Savolainen, Juha, and Niu, Nan
Submitter:: Nan Niu
Date Uploaded:: 09/02/2019
Date Modified:: 09/05/2019
Date Created:: 2019-09-02
License:: Open Data Commons Attribution License (ODC-By)

32. Preserving Public Health: A Literature Review

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: We recognize our past—history and heritage—as crucial to who we are (Grenville, 2007; Lowenthal, 2008; Nietzsche, 1874/1980). Significant regulatory and popular effort is expended in protecting places, buildings, and behaviors that link us to this past. International governance organizations recognize free association with history as a fundamental human right (e.g., Blake, 2011). Tangible representations of the past (e.g., objects, buildings, landscapes) are preserved as reminders of this past. Given the broad agreement that connections to the past are important parts of human existence, what are the connections between individuals’ security in knowledge of their own history and measures of public health? The literature connecting preservation and public health is neither direct nor voluminous. A search for literature revealed a gap in knowledge about ways that preservation and public health relate. While some literature demonstrates possible connections between the two fields, no identified articles argue for the connection. Two examples from the preservation literature (Appler, 2015; Kearney & Bradley, 2015) explain situations where preservation issues have affected public health concerns, but do not acknowledge public health as part of their discussion. This exploratory essay briefly outlines core principles of public health and a review of literature from the public health and preservation and heritage fields that aligns with these principles. The essay concludes targeted research into the relationship preservation-public health is needed.
Creator/Author:: Orthel, Bryan D.
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 10/04/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

33. Preserving Craft Heritage by Forging Rural-Urban Connections

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This study aims to explore the difficulties of preserving cultural heritage in rural areas and to inform better designs of computer systems to support such preservation. In this case study, we observed and documented craft cultures in three rural villages in China. Our methods include photo-ethnography, interview and observation. From analyzing various types of data, we were able to identify issues of cultural heritage preservation, including cultural identity and values. We propose a conceptual system design for an installation and software connecting rural craftspeople and people who appreciate crafts, as a means of fostering a mutual relationship of support and appreciation. We believe this relationship can help preserve cultural heritage in rural areas. Some of the system installation elements were prototyped in scale models. The paper’s primary contribution is the design field research, analysis of design field research, and conceptualization.
Creator/Author:: Blevis, Eli; Tan, Haodan, and Wei, Huaxin
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 10/25/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

34. Patient 360: Collaborating on Cancer Care

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: *Use Related Links URL to access presentation video Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and Premera Blue Cross show you how we conducted design research to build a collective understanding of the cancer care experience. We will provide detailed instructions, with checklists, on how to recreate a similar collaboration, including how we worked and what we worked on. You will walk away knowing how we shared skills and resources, built credibility and equal playing fields, and delivered research insights to both our organizations from multiple perspectives and vantage points. Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA) brings together the leading research teams and cancer specialists from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Children's and UW Medicine. Based in Seattle, SCCA is one of the top five Adult Cancer Care facilities in the United States as ranked by U.S. News & World Report. Shay Ghassemian, User Experience Designer in Digital Health, and Katie Rehfield, Patient Experience Specialist, will be facilitating this workshop. Premera Blue Cross is a not-for-profit health insurance company serving 2 million people across the United States. As the largest health plan in the Pacific Northwest, Premera offers a wide range of products for individuals and families, Medicare recipients, and employers ranging from small business to Fortune 100 companies. Irish Malig, Senior Manager of Experience Strategy, Robert Racadio, Design Research Manager, Design Strategists Sara Bell, Paul Braun, and Ryan Rosensweig, and Darci Brown, Healthcare Implementation Manager in Provider Experience, will all be facilitating this workshop. Presented by Shay Ghassemian and Robert Racadio
Creator/Author:: Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and Premera Blue Cross
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 01/26/2018
Date Modified:: 04/24/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

35. On the Substance of Absence: Filling the Historical Void

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: A 1948 exhibition catalogue of the work of Alberto Giacommetti, with an essay by Jean-Paul Sartre, highlights the relationships between sculpture and psychoanalysis, phenomenology, existentialism.
Creator/Author:: Krukowski, Samantha
Submitter:: Samantha Krukowski
Date Uploaded:: 02/06/2019
Date Modified:: 05/23/2019
Date Created:: 1994

36. A New Method for Project-Based Learning in International Design Workshop Setting

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Design oriented educational institution around the world, project based learning is well practiced in local setting as well as global setting. Communication is one of the significant aspect in this learning settings. Currently, many design projects are implemented by members beyond their belonging organization, creating difficulties in face to face communication, especially when members are in different countries. This study proposes a new method for project-based learning in design education program implemented on international design workshop and discuss about outcome through empirical program. This method is composed in three phases. First phase is online pre-workshop session using SLACK, where each member do their own researching and surveying on the specific topic related to the project, share and discuss them with other members. The second phase is face to face workshop, which all members gather in one place to work on the project intensively to make their group design proposal. The lastly in the post workshop phase, each member get back online to make reflection on the project, feedback them on the proposal, and make improvements. Also, compile and publish a project reports on the overall program for documentation. Through out the program, SLACK platform is used for basic communication and sharing data and information. S This program are operated in an international design workshop called “Global Design Workshop” of Chiba Institute of Technology(CIT, Chiba, Japan), with students from Chiba University(CU, Chiba, Japan) and Tunghai University(THU, Taichung, Taiwan) . The theme of the workshop was “New work place, space, style using IoT technologies.
Creator/Author:: Oda, Hirokazu; Inasaka, Akiyoshi; Nagao, Toru, and Ishizuka, Akio
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 02/01/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

37. Moshrefifar and Azamfar method, a new cycle counting method for evaluating fatigue life

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: It is shown in present study that Rainflow method is unable to accurately estimate fatigue life ofcomponents under random loading, almost always. The inconsistencies between results of Rainflowmethod and hysteresis curve are also discussed. Alike the Peak counting method, it is shown that Shadowmethod doesn’t consider the possibility of deformation within individual cycles. Hence, Moshrefifar andAzamfar method is proposed as a novel technique having accurate results in different analytical condi-tions which are in good consistence with results obtained from hysteresis curves. Authors finally proposean algorithm as well as a C language program for this method.
Creator/Author:: Moshrefifar, Masoud and Azamfar, Moslem
Submitter:: Moslem Azamfar
Date Uploaded:: 06/14/2019
Date Modified:: 06/14/2019

38. Mathematical Influence of the Specific Energy in the Lorentz Factor

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The time dilation formulas of both the specific relativity and the general relativity could be understood as children of a common expression that uses a factor dependent on the specific energy. Surprisingly when such factor is used to define the relativistic mass, the equation that arises is an extraordinary approximation of the mass and energy relation. An entangled mathematical perspective of both time and mass that opens up again the question of what their definition really is, and which are the factors that modify such variables.
Creator/Author:: Viana, Javier
Submitter:: Javier Viana
Date Uploaded:: 11/01/2019
Date Modified:: 11/01/2019
Date Created:: November 1, 2019

39. Mapping Communication Design through the Web

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Design is by nature an interdisciplinary, dynamic, and fluid discipline (Cross, 1982; Friedman, 2003). To define what design is has proved to be a very difficult—if not impossible and meaningless—exercise (Friedman, 2000), making also the understanding of the evolution of both the design discipline and practice a complex challenge. A rapidly changing technological landscape increases the breadth of design both in geographical terms and by extending to new domains, merging with different and new disciplines. Communication Design especially, being closer to the information and the media spheres, is the most sensitive and receptive design area. Communication Design finds online a fertile ground for its growth and developments, thus the online environment and the Web especially can be explored, dug, and mapped as mirrors of that evolution. The aim of our research is to map through the Web the complexity of the intersections between design as a discipline and design as a field of practice. Our exploration and representation of the online design territory covered four online environments: Behance, Wikipedia, Google, and the websites of the top one hundred design universities. The study has been conducted by using digital, statistical, and visualization methods. This exploration seeks neither to confirm theories nor predict the future, rather, it wants to make explicit and observable what Communication Design has become today. It aims to screenshot the state of the art, the emerging paths, in order to understand where and how it is going to develop. The attempt is to make design as a complex phenomenon visible, through the construction of a set of maps and representations for professors, students, and associations. These representations are tools to trigger reflections on the discipline
Creator/Author:: De Rossi, Giulia and Ciuccarelli, Paolo
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 01/09/2018
Date Modified:: 10/15/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

40. Let’s Get Divorced: Pragmatic and Critical Constructive Design Research

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Over the last two decades, constructive design research (CDR) — also known as Research through Design — has become an accepted mode of scholarly inquiry within the design research community. CDR is a broad term encompassing almost any kind of research that uses design action as a mode of inquiry. It has been described as having three distinct genres: lab, field, and showroom. The lab and field genres typically take a pragmatic stance, making things as a way of investigating what preferred futures might be. In contrast, research done following the showroom approach (more commonly known as critical design (CD), speculative design, or design fictions) offers a polemic and sometimes also a critique of the current state embodied in an artifact. Recently, we have observed a growing conflict within the design research community between pragmatic and critical researchers. To help reduce this conflict, we call for a divorce between CD and pragmatic CDR. We clarify how CDR and CD exist along a continuum. We conclude with suggestions for the design research community, about how each unique research approach can be used singly or in combination, and how they can push the boundaries of academic design research in new collaboration with different disciplines.
Creator/Author:: Koskinen, Ilpo; Forlizzi, Jodi; Zimmerman, John, and Hekkert, Paul
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/17/2017
Date Modified:: 02/02/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

41. Issues of Devices and Applications for Supporting Walking in Older People - Focus on the Information Provision

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Japan has become a super-aging society, with the number of older people (over the age of 65) at a historical high both in absolute numbers (33 million) and as a proportion of the total population (26.0%). Walking is known to be associated with positive psychological improvements such as in subjective sense of wellbeing, life satisfaction, and a sense of purpose in life, as well as improvements in physical and mental function, such as arm/leg muscle strength and standing balance. In this study, we focus on information about functions for assisting walking, comparing and contrasting the information provided by existing products that support walking with the goal of clarifying issues from an information-provision viewpoint. We conducted interviews with eight older people who go for walks on a daily basis, asking about their thoughts before, during, and after walking. From 110 total comments, we obtained 30 comments relating to the action of walking. Furthermore, we investigated the functions of 11 devices and 20 applications that support walking, and from 24 functions, we focused on 20 functions relating to the action of walking. By comparing and contrasting the twin perspectives of “information items” and “information content” with visualization levels identified in the field of management, we clarified issues relating to devices and applications for supporting walking among older users, from the viewpoint of information provision.
Creator/Author:: Ariyoshi, Yohei and Tamura, Ryoichi
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 03/22/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

42. Investigating Ideation Flexibility through Incremental to Radical Heuristics

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Ideation flexibility is the ability to shift between a designer’s preferred and non-preferred ways of generating solutions as required by the presented task. There are many tools that exist to support ideation; however, there is a lack of research defining how to facilitate ideation flexibility and how to support designers in this process through use of such tools. In this paper, we report on the development of a new tool, the "Incremental to Radical Heuristics" (I2Rh), which may provide inspiring prompts for ideation, ranging from more incremental to more radical examples. We tested the use of this I2Rh with a small set of industrial design and architecture students and aim to report on ways in which designers with varying cognitive styles perceive and apply these heuristics and further the impact of the heuristics on the students’ problem solving processes and ideation outcomes. Preliminary results demonstrate that more innovative students found the adaptive applications of the heuristics to trigger more novel solutions, whereas the more adaptive students found that the innovative applications to be more inspiring. Ideation is critical as it allows designers to form many diverse ideas to choose from and eventually test and validate them (Sheppard, Macatangay et al. 2009). However, in many cases, designers find it difficult to come up with many diverse ideas as a result of fixation they experience on particular ideas (Crilly 2015). Being a flexible designer means being able to move from one solution to another, in order to produce the most promising solutions for the given context. In this movement, idea generation methods play a critical role as facilitators of this movement while pushing designers to think differently (Silk, Daly et al. 2014). The focus of the proposed work is ideation flexibility (Yilmaz, Daly et al. 2014), defined as the ability to ideate in both incremental and radical ways – or, more precisely, to ideate along a continuum of thinking between the two, depending on the needs of the problem. Building on the theoretical foundation of Kirton’s adaption-innovation theory (Kirton 1976), we defined the ideation success as a designer’s ability to move between his/her preferred and nonpreferred ways of generating ideas as required in the design brief. To specifically target ideation flexibility, we took an empirically-driven and validated ideation tool, Design Heuristics (Yilmaz, Seifert et al. 2016), and modified it based on the Kirton’s adaptiveinnovative theory. This revised set, called the "Incremental to Radical Heuristics" (I2Rh), illustrates heuristics’ application both incrementally and radically to the same example design problem. I2Rh is intended to help designers execute an ideation strategy based on prompts, examples, and directions to incorporate more incremental or more radical changes to their naturally preferred ways of generating ideas, through facilitating flexible thinking. Our goal in this paper was to investigate how designers with different cognitive styles perceive and apply these revised heuristics and their impact on the students’ ideation outcomes.
Creator/Author:: Baker, Ian; Sevier, Daniel; McKilligan, Seda; Jablokow, Kathryn W.; Daly, Shanna R. and Silk, Eli M.
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 09/20/2018
Date Modified:: 06/28/2019
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

43. Interdisciplinary Trends in Design Education: the Analysis of Master Dissertation of College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This paper expounds the background of Chinese design education as well as the orientation of the design education of Tongji University in the new times, it also collects 458 master thesis of College of Design and Innovation during 2010-2016 as analyzed sample. Based on the coding of subject classification, quantitative analysis and content analysis are made in order to understand the interdisciplinary education status of College of Design and Innovation from the two perspectives: the overall cross-disciplinary performance and the relationship between different cross-disciplinary directions.
Creator/Author:: Ren, Lisha and Wang, Yan
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 04/24/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

44. An Interdisciplinary Exploration of an Analog Tool to Elicit Socio-Cultural Narratives

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Eliciting multiple stakeholder narratives is a critical factor when designing systems, services or products. This research explores how the use of an analog tool (the picture postcard) in the digital age can be used to elicit socio-cultural stories to support design for ‘social practice’. The process combines people and things by using a participatory design approach and material culture studies to design, explore and analyze the complex nature of interactions between social ideals and the artefact. The study emphasizes ‘slow immersion and design’ by creating prolonged interactions that allow people to sit with someone else’s perspective while also introspecting about their own. In an age of echo-chambers, the research examines the impact of reducing the risk of fragmentation (where people assign themselves into homogenous groups leading to an amplification of pre-existing views (Sunstein, 2001)) on participants’ ability to generate and sustain a healthy exchange of honest, social narratives. The research findings reveal a deep bonding between participants and a reduction of implicit biases that initiates a broader range of discussions within a given socio-cultural topic. The space for ‘elastic interaction’ (articulation of ideas without fear of judgment; when and how they want it to be expressed) allows honest thoughts to manifest. The findings also reveal that this process slowly allows for an empathetic acceptance of another’s perspectives. The poster illustrates the research through these various approaches: the process of slow immersion and design research with a combination of postcard exchanges, one-on-one interviews and participatory design research activities to help elicit the stories for a sociocultural co-design space.
Creator/Author:: Venkataraman, Hemalatha
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 02/12/2018
Date Modified:: 02/12/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

45. Interaction between client and design consultant: The stance of client to design consultant and its influence on design process

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Design is essential in product development but several small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) relatively capable of manufacturing are suffered from lack of in-house design ability. For new product design, these SMEs typically employ external designers. In this clientdesigner interaction, designers propose design solution alternatives to their clients, which clients may accept or reject. In some cases, clients provide designers further design requirements. A study on how interactions are performed and what effects these interactions have on the results of product development is essential to determine what is needed to achieve successful collaborative relationships. Thus, this study analyzed three design development cases that were previously performed to understand how interactions work between clients and designers and its effect on the outcomes. In all cases, the design team developed designs for the clients based on their technological requirements. This study focused on the effect of client stance on the process and deliverables. Clients usually take various actions that accept or reject design solutions or give additional demands. This is because clients take initiative in decision making. Clients' stance was divided into receptive and expressive stances. As a result, a receptive stance ensured the design capabilities of design consultants, whereas expressive stance confined design capabilities to some extent but a new design direction may be proposed based on a client's knowledge, information, and judgment.
Creator/Author:: Lee, Haebin
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/28/2017
Date Modified:: 12/01/2017
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

46. An IEC 62366-Based Case Study of a User Interface Design Process for a Rehabilitation Device

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: The authors performed a usability improvement study for a shoulder continuous passive motion (CPM) rehabilitation device based on the usability engineering process of IEC 62366, a mandatory standard for the development of medical devices. To enhance the usability of the entire development process for a shoulder CPM device, the authors 1) performed user research to determine design requirements and 2) evaluated the usability of the device. Requirements for a shoulder CPM device were derived through rehabilitation device comparisons, functional analysis, context inquiry and observation, and interviews. The authors used expert reviews and comparison usability evaluation methods for shoulder CPM prototyping. The methods and techniques of these design researches were declared in IEC 62366, but IEC 62366 does not include any guideline in detail. The results of this study can be used to guide the development of a user interface that meets the level of usability standards required for medical devices.
Creator/Author:: Kweon, O Seong; Lee, Byeong-Jong, and Kim, Agnes Jihae
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 02/12/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

47. How We Got to the Same Place (Almost): the Universality of the Music Called "Jazz"

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: A conversation between two friends who are not musicians and whose personal histories could hardly be more different. Through a series of conversations we explored those journeys, compared and contrasted our stories, and discussed just why this music affects us so deeply. We discussed specific musicians in terms of whether we liked, did not like, or were indifferent to their music, and why we either agreed or not. In these conversations we posed various questions to each other, hoping to discover and articulate certain essences that we might share. One thing we agreed upon up front is that we are neither musicians nor music critics. In fact, we’re not convinced that the field of music criticism is even a valid endeavor. Music description and personal reaction, however, is another matter. In our conversations we tried to describe our reactions to specific musicians and “schools” of music, without labeling the music as “good” or “lousy”. You will see that this doesn’t prevent us from disagreeing and disagreeing in spirited fashion, while always trying to focus on why our personal reaction is what it is.
Creator/Author:: Grier, Melvin and Marine, Stephen
Submitter:: Stephen Marine
Date Uploaded:: 02/17/2019
Date Modified:: 05/23/2019
Date Created:: 2019-01
License:: Attribution 4.0 International

48. How to Teach Industrial Design? : A Case Study of College Education for Design Beginners

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Industrial design education has existed for a long time as part of the university system, but the curriculum and contents of each subject vary considerably from school to school. In recent years, the introduction of new concepts that change the definition of design has blurred the boundaries of design, making the curriculum different. Establishing a standard curriculum to address these challenges is an important task, but it is necessary to fully understand how design education actually takes place and to share content with educators. This paper aims to contribute to the debate on industrial design education by fully disclosing the process and results of the first stage of industrial design education of a university by autobiographical method. The first course, Product Design Practice 1, is a studio class based on a task feedback iteration system. Students are required to submit assignments showing weekly progress. The instructor reviewed the assignments submitted before the class and gave written comments in class. In addition, details of the design process and method that are difficult to identify as novice students are learned through twelve case studies and applied to the project. This Task Feedback Repeating Class system gives students the opportunity to implement design ability while gaining detailed skills with a comprehensive view. Through this process, the researcher got a reflection on the class and implications for the improvement of the class.
Creator/Author:: Rhi, Joomyung
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/30/2017
Date Modified:: 10/15/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

49. Health Education that Breaks Through Language Barriers Prototyping and Evaluation of Childcare-related ICT Self-learning Resource –

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: This paper explores the findings of a study into the telecommunications environment in Mongolia. It was hoped that an effective self-learning resource for the prevention of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants for distribution to parents in that country could be created and evaluated using these findings. Based on a field survey conducted in Mongolia, the most effective format this resource should take was identified. A prototype was created that featured video taken from both a third-person and parent’s (first person) perspective. After further evaluation, this prototype is to undergo revisions that will be assessed in Japan and Mongolia before a final version is distributed utilizing information and communication technologies (ICT). It was found that a visual message that did not rely on written language was the most effective means of communicating the desired message. With input from nursing staff in Mongolia, the Sapporo City University School of Design and School of Nursing came to leverage their respective strengths to create an effective prototype that will be used as the basis for a resource for relaying this preventive information to the target audience.
Creator/Author:: Mikami, Tomoko; Anzai, Toshinori; Yakubo, Takanobu; Matsuura, Kazuyo, and Uemura, Kouta
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 01/30/2018
Date Modified:: 05/23/2019
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

50. Group Storymaking: Understanding an Unfamiliar Target Group through Participatory Storytelling

Type:: Article
Description/Abstract:: Based on a sound research plan, qualitative user data help designers understand needs, behaviors, and frustrations of a target user group. However, when a design team attempts to design for unfamiliar target groups, it is extremely difficult to accurately observe and understand them by simply using traditional research methods such as interviews and observation. As a result, the quality of user research data can be called into a question, which leads to unsatisfying design solutions. Inspired by a fiction writer’s technique of generating stories together with readers, we present the new method, Group Storymaking, that supports designers to quickly gain broad and clear understanding of an unfamiliar target group throughout a story-making activity with actual users. We envision Group Storymaking as a new user study method that designers can easily implement to learn about an unfamiliar target, involving actual users in a research process with less time and cost commitment.
Creator/Author:: Kim, Hankyung; Lim, Youn-kyung, and Lee, Soonju
Submitter:: Lora Alberto
Date Uploaded:: 11/21/2017
Date Modified:: 10/08/2018
Date Created:: 2017-10-31
License:: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

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1. Writing into the Unknown: Speculative, Arts-Based Writing as Creative Composition and Design Research Method

2. What is worth doing in design research?

3. We're Here For the Humans

4. A Virtual Wisdom Mining ‘Pan’ For Connecting Retired Experts With Currently Active Professionals

5. Virtual Reality in Healthcare

6. Using practice-led industrial/product design research to explore opportunities to support manufacturing-related enterprise in Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) countries

7. User Operate Consistency of Experience on Daily Commodities

8. Urban Planning in the Middle East: Analyzing Al-Tahrir Square as a Public-Political Space in Iraq

9. Urban Planning in the Middle East: Analyzing Al-Tahrir Square as a Public-Political Space in Iraq

10. Triangulation as an experimental approach: Interpreting the synergistic relationship between the visual syntax, practical mechanisms and theoretical frameworks of typography used in brand marks of cultural festivals

11. Surveying Stakeholders: Research Informing Design Curriculum

12. A Study on the Entrepreneurial Path of Design-led Startups in Taiwan

13. A Study on Design for Diagnostic Tool for Language Processing Ability with Aging

14. Study of the implementability of tactile feedback while operating touch panel device -From two directions of efficacy & feasibility-

15. Speed Dating with Design Thinking: An empirical study of managers solving business problems with design

16. Snack Food Package Design: Exploratory Study on Children’s Snack Choices and Design Elements

17. Simple Formulae for Control of Industrial Time Delay Systems

18. Setting the Course: Instilling, Comprehension, Curation, and Implementation of Research in Four year, College Graphic Design Programs

19. Service Design as a Way to Engage Communities

20. Scaffold for designing modern products by reinterpreting the technique and philosophy of traditional crafts

21. Sacred Vs. Modern Design A Case from Iraq

22. Research on the user behavior between China and USA elderly people in public space

23. The Research on Design Framework for Citizen Science

24. Re-clarifying Design Problems through Questions for Secondary School Children

25. The Pulse of a Nation: A Study on the Cybersecurity Issues Plaguing the Healthcare Industry

26. Prototyping the not-yet-existing for research and innovation: a possible process model for design research.

27. Proposal of an Alternative Perspective of a Time Theory

28. Proposal of a Time Theory

29. Proposal for Design Support Application Based on Extended ADT Model

30. Product Identity Footprint: A Set Of Tools To Clarify The Front End Of Industrial Design Projects In Order To Start And Develop Products The Right Way.

31. A Process Mining Approach to Improving Defect Detection of SysML Models

32. Preserving Public Health: A Literature Review

33. Preserving Craft Heritage by Forging Rural-Urban Connections

34. Patient 360: Collaborating on Cancer Care

35. On the Substance of Absence: Filling the Historical Void

36. A New Method for Project-Based Learning in International Design Workshop Setting

37. Moshrefifar and Azamfar method, a new cycle counting method for evaluating fatigue life

38. Mathematical Influence of the Specific Energy in the Lorentz Factor

39. Mapping Communication Design through the Web

40. Let’s Get Divorced: Pragmatic and Critical Constructive Design Research

41. Issues of Devices and Applications for Supporting Walking in Older People - Focus on the Information Provision

42. Investigating Ideation Flexibility through Incremental to Radical Heuristics

43. Interdisciplinary Trends in Design Education: the Analysis of Master Dissertation of College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University

44. An Interdisciplinary Exploration of an Analog Tool to Elicit Socio-Cultural Narratives

45. Interaction between client and design consultant: The stance of client to design consultant and its influence on design process

46. An IEC 62366-Based Case Study of a User Interface Design Process for a Rehabilitation Device

47. How We Got to the Same Place (Almost): the Universality of the Music Called "Jazz"

48. How to Teach Industrial Design? : A Case Study of College Education for Design Beginners

49. Health Education that Breaks Through Language Barriers Prototyping and Evaluation of Childcare-related ICT Self-learning Resource –

50. Group Storymaking: Understanding an Unfamiliar Target Group through Participatory Storytelling

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