Have you wanted to pursue your own research in Library and Information Science (LIS) but are unsure of how to start? You aren’t alone - the lack of affordable, accessible, and effective training opportunities means many library workers do not have the resources, time, or support to learn how to do research effectively, which leads to a field that lacks diverse, inclusive, and robust scholarship.
Utilizing funds granted by the Institute of Museum and Library Sciences, the presenters of this session have created a free, sustainable curriculum that provides library workers with the foundational knowledge and specialized skills necessary to conduct and publish rigorous original research in an effort toward improving LIS literature and promoting lifelong learning. This curriculum centers reflection and encourages learners to use their own lived experiences to inform their research journey, while also offering vital information that serves to democratize the often-privileged information around research and publishing for the public good.
This presentation will serve as the official launch of LibParlor Online Learning: An Open Source Curriculum for LIS Researchers, and will share preliminary pilot participant data to demonstrate how the curriculum has resonated with learners. Attendees interested in LIS research will learn how this curriculum could be of use to their own professional development as well as others in the field. Attendees will also be able to evaluate the curriculum and receive support from the presenters on how to embed this program into their own library organizations to support a robust culture of research.
This presentation provides an overview of LibParlor Online Learning, a free, open-source online curriculum of learning modules, and share how this professional development program will build the capacity for academic Library and Information Science (LIS) professionals to conduct and publish rigorous original research.
The lack of affordable, accessible, and effective training opportunities means many librarians do not have the resources, time, or support to learn how to do research, and this leads to a field that lacks diverse, inclusive, and robust scholarship. The presenters have created grant funded open-source online curriculum that will provide LIS professionals with the foundational knowledge and specialized skills necessary to conduct and publish rigorous original research. This work will democratize the often privileged information around research and publishing in an effort toward diversifying and improving LIS literature.
The Librarian Parlor (aka LibParlor or #LibParlor) is an online space ( https://libparlor.com) for conversing, sharing expertise, and asking questions about the process of pursuing, developing, and publishing library research. LibParlor provides a community for new-to-research library workers as they consider a research agenda and provide support as they may face a number of challenges. LibParlor aims to address these challenges in part by collecting and showcasing honest reflections, conversations, and how-tos from library professionals engaged in library research. In providing this space, LibParlor aims to spark conversation and cultivate a community of researchers.
This poster presents the mission and vision of LibParlor, how we got started, some of the work we’ve done, and plans for the future. We share what we have learned through the formation of an online community, including the importance of having established workflows, detailed editorial policies, and clear communication between members of the team as well as writers. This poster shares our lessons learned and takeaways for others wanting to start a new group. For example, early on we spent a considerable amount of time developing internal and external workflow documents. However, now our processes are documented and clear for contributors. We would also provide recommendations for getting buy-in from major stakeholders before starting a project like this.
SNU-407 cells were treated with a combination of varying concentrations of MRTX1133 with varying concentrations of either afatinib, sapitinib, or pelitinib for 72 hours. Absorbances were normalized to DMSO control for % viability. The attached files were compiled in data format from n=2 data sets (6 data points total for each combination) and uploaded to SynergyFinder+ with % viability chosen as response.
LS513 cells were treated with a combination of varying concentrations of MRTX1133 with varying concentrations of either afatinib, sapitinib, or pelitinib for 72 hours. Absorbances were normalized to DMSO control for % viability. The attached files were compiled in data format from n=2 data sets (6 data points total for each combination) and uploaded to SynergyFinder+ with % viability chosen as response.
The dataset includes all the data used to generate figures for the article submitted to the journal of Neuron. This includes individual figure panels and the raw data used to generate each figure panel, as well as the statistical analyses for each experiment.
Hearing data obtained using Bone Conduction Auditory Brainstem Response (BC-ABR) testing on six Greater Caribbean Manatees being rehabilitation at the Caribbean Manatee Conservation Center in Bayamon, Puerto Rico. Hearing data was collected while hearing assessments were conducted for clinical assessments of hearing.
Greater Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) pool recordings from the Caribbean Manatee Conservation Center in Bayamon, Puerto Rico including location and depth of recordings as well as recordings from the natural protected habitat of Laguna del Condado, San Juan, Puerto Rico which includes the GPS coordinates in the recording title. All recordings obtained using omnidirectional hydrophones with H1 recorder (Model SQ26-H1; Cetacean Research Technology, 2007) and are in .wav format.
Greater Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) pool recordings from the Caribbean Manatee Conservation Center in Bayamon, Puerto Rico including location and depth of recordings as well as recordings from the natural protected habitat of Laguna del Condado, San Juan, Puerto Rico which includes the GPS coordinates in the recording title. All recordings obtained using omnidirectional hydrophones with H1 recorder (Model SQ26-H1; Cetacean Research Technology, 2007) and are in .wav format.
Greater Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) pool recordings from the Caribbean Manatee Conservation Center in Bayamon, Puerto Rico including location and depth of recordings as well as recordings from the natural protected habitat of Laguna del Condado, San Juan, Puerto Rico which includes the GPS coordinates in the recording title. All recordings obtained using omnidirectional hydrophones with H1 recorder (Model SQ26-H1; Cetacean Research Technology, 2007) and are in .wav format.
Greater Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) pool recordings from the Caribbean Manatee Conservation Center in Bayamon, Puerto Rico including location and depth of recordings as well as recordings from the natural protected habitat of Laguna del Condado, San Juan, Puerto Rico which includes the GPS coordinates in the recording title. All recordings obtained using omnidirectional hydrophones with H1 recorder (Model SQ26-H1; Cetacean Research Technology, 2007) and are in .wav format.
Replication Package of "Exploiting Vision-Language Models in GUI Reuse", a paper published in the 22nd International Conference on Systems and Software Reuse (ICSR), Ottawa, Canada, April 27 2025.
The authors are: Victoria Niu, Walaa Alshammari, Naga Mamata Iluru, Padmaja Vaishnavi Teeleti, Nan Niu, Tanmay Bhowmik, and Jianzhang Zhang.
Artifacts of the paper entitled:
A Study of Natural-Language and Vision-Language GUI Retrieval
Authors: Walaa Alshammari, Yitong Yang, Yinglin Wang, Nan Niu, Tanmay Bhowmik, Padmaja Vaishnavi Teeleti, and Naga Mamata Iluru
The content is:
A-relevance-judging-results.xlsx has five sheets recording the four judges' assessment and their inter-rater agreement levels;
B-GUI-retrieval-answer-set.xlsx specifies the relevance relations between 40 GUI images and 27 NL queries;
C-retrieval-results.xlsx contains top-10 NL-based results in one sheet, and top-5 NL-based and VL-based results in the other four sheets; and
D-human-subject-study-material.pdf documents the five GUI reuse tasks approved by an institutional review board.
D-
This is an excel file of the interior design senior theses with student's name, title of project, description of project and date. Physical access to the works can be requested here https://uclid.uc.edu/record=b1239197~S39.
Retrospective chart review project of subjects receiving lumbar epidural steroid injections for low back pain associated with degenerative disc disease. The primary objective was to compare the efficacy of two different steroids used during the time period studied, methylprednisolone and triamcinolone.
The Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) to gated tone burst of five frequencies (0.125, 0.5, 4, 8, 10 kHz) as well as broadband click stimuli were recorded in two cheetahs, one male and one female. We report, for the first time, hearing estimates from two cheetahs. Provided are the raw data files in PDF format and RPT format which is the file format used by the Intelligent Hearing System Universal Smart Box for analysis and to mark waves in order to obtain amplitude and latency of waves. Data were obtained for the female cheetah on February 1, 2024 and for the male cheetah on March 26, 2024 from the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Gardens.
This is a poster detailing the scope, design, process safety, and economics for a chemical engineering capstone by project group 5046-2403. The project is centered around capturing carbon dioxide emissions from indoor testing cells at the General Electric Aerospace site in Peebles, Ohio. The process captures carbon dioxide from jet engine exhaust through a series of adsorption towers with activated carbon sorbent. The adsorbate goes through a desorption cycle to release purified gaseous carbon dioxide from the surface of the activated carbon. The gas is compressed for storage and off-site transport.
The exhibition "Heavenly Bodies: Fashion and the Catholic Imagination," staged by the Metropolitan Museum of Art and Fashion Institute, showcased a fusion of Catholic iconography with contemporary fashion. The exhibition served as an immersive experience within the Met Cloisters, blending architecture, artworks, and garments to elevate clothing to the status of art. Attire was transformed into an earnest expression of spirituality and cultural identity through thematic organization. "Heavenly Bodies: Fashion and the Catholic Imagination" exemplifies the potential of fashion as a medium for artistic exploration and cultural discourse, challenging conventional perceptions and redefining boundaries between art and apparel.
Tawaraya Sotatsu’s screen door print of the Japanese deities you cannot dismiss how unique each one of the figures appears. You also cannot help but wonder how these deities ended up looking the way that they did. We look back to 13th-century Japan to see why Raijin and Fujin ended up being depicted as they did. We consider their history, analysis, and the artist's importance within Japanese culture.
This document discusses the early life and artistic career of Caravaggio with his painting "Young Sick Bacchus". It also investigates the formal elements of the work and the contemporary theories behind it.
In the mid-18th century, France entered the Rococo period, a period of enlightenment and play. As the Enlightenment spurred more liberal ideologies in French society, aristocratic women were afforded more freedoms than in previous periods, such as high education and participation in social and cultural realms such as Salons. Jean-Honoré Fragonard, known widely for his 1767 painting "The Swing", created a large body of work throughout the period often depicting female subjects in genre and allegorical scenes as well as portraiture. Often subverting the typical male gaze in his works, his paintings serve as a reflection of the period of empowerment experienced by aristocratic women in the Rococo period.
This is a project thesis about exploring how can vacant lots, open spaces, streetscapes and building surfaces use green design to provide gathering spaces, healthy green spaces and street safety for lower price hill neighborhood.
Over 400,000 quarries have been left abandoned and seemingly in a state of disrepair once their resources have been depleted or no longer valued. Before 1977, there were no laws or regulations in place to protect these sites. Owners and contractors were able to leave the site as is with tools, machinery, jagged rocks, slabs of cut stone, trash, and anything in between. This project explores the oldest marble quarry in the country, the Norcross-West marble quarry located in Dorset, Vermont. The design answers the question of how to repurpose this site by combining the site history to create educational opportunities, vegetation implementation to create habitats for at risk species, and sustainable practices such as marble carving and rainwater collection create a space that fulfills needs within the site that have long sense been forgotten. These practices reform the space and set a precedent for the dozens of other nearby abandoned and active quarry sites.
Over 400,000 quarries have been left abandoned and seemingly in a state of disrepair once their resources have been depleted or no longer valued. Before 1977, there were no laws or regulations in place to protect these sites. Owners and contractors were able to leave the site as is with tools, machinery, jagged rocks, slabs of cut stone, trash, and anything in between. This project explores the oldest marble quarry in the country, the Norcross-West marble quarry located in Dorset, Vermont. The design answers the question of how to repurpose this site by combining the site history to create educational opportunities, vegetation implementation to create habitats for at risk species, and sustainable practices such as marble carving and rainwater collection create a space that fulfills needs within the site that have long sense been forgotten. These practices reform the space and set a precedent for the dozens of other nearby abandoned and active quarry sites.
Abstract
The current infrastructure of horticulture in the United States of America, lacks BIPOC representation. The purpose of the review and research is to address the effects of white dominance in horticulture and combat the current system to create a more inclusive and welcoming environment for BIPOC in horticulture. By juxtaposing past, present, and future contributions to horticulture from BIPOC individuals to the current concepts exhibited in horticulture we observe 3 things: The contributions of BIPOC ideas to Horticulture, the current representation of BIPOC individuals in horticulture, and the theorized future with solutions applied. This research is based on existing diversity equity and inclusion research seen in other fields, which theoretically will apply in the same context with horticulture. Under this assumption, it can be understood that horticulture is not the sole perpetrator in non-inclusive work environments for BIPOC but is rather a subcategory of the many organizations and communities within the United States that are systemically oppressive to BIPOC.
Keywords: [BIPOC, horticulture, diversity in horticulture, inclusion in horticulture, colonization, culture, anti-racism, equity, colonialism]
Cincinnati has dealt with the effects of combined sewer overflows for decades. Although overflow levels are steadily improving, there is still more to be done. Since 2002, the city has been attempting to renovate their old system to meet the Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Water Act. This has proved extremely costly and difficult to complete with over 3,000 miles of public sewers with the antiquated combined sewer overflow system. Green roofs have become a proven tool in reducing combined sewer overflows. This project aims to explain how a municipal sewer district can promote the reduction of stormwater runoff through native plant landscaping and green roof education.
In 2010, the Metropolitan Sewer District, the agency responsible for waste water treatment in the Greater Cincinnati area, installed a green roof on one of their Mill Creek Plant buildings, however, it has been neglected and is not reaching its full potential. Through research on green roof’s effects on combined sewer overflow, an improved green roof design, and educational signage this study aims to create an educational, visually pleasing, native focused, and functional green roof that still allows employees ease of access to necessary equipment. MSD can encourage an increase of green roofs throughout the city and this study creates a comprehensive plan to use green roofs as a promotional tool.
The intent of this design is to increase vegetative coverage by at least 50% to capture more rainfall, improve urban heat island effect, and improve aesthetic value. As well as to diversify plant pallet for an increase in biodiversity as well as aesthetic improvement, to ensure that the new bed designs still allow access to equipment that are necessary for daily operation, and to ensure that the bed designs are accessible to all.
Over 400,000 quarries have been left abandoned and seemingly in a state of disrepair once their resources have been depleted or no longer valued. Before 1977, there were no laws or regulations in place to protect these sites. Owners and contractors were able to leave the site as is with tools, machinery, jagged rocks, slabs of cut stone, trash, and anything in between. This project explores the oldest marble quarry in the country, the Norcross-West marble quarry located in Dorset, Vermont. The design answers the question of how to repurpose this site by combining the site history to create educational opportunities, vegetation implementation to create habitats for at risk species, and sustainable practices such as marble carving and rainwater collection create a space that fulfills needs within the site that have long sense been forgotten. These practices reform the space and set a precedent for the dozens of other nearby abandoned and active quarry sites.
This project explores certain methods for creating a living fashion to design a piece that communicates a message about environmental stewardship. The intention of the design is to promote conversation among viewers, inciting a passion for change.
Methods of cultivating and propagating L. williamsii are available on the internet and in academic journals. In particular, five, L. williamsii specimens were observed and their growth rates and overall vitality are determined. Furthermore, particular soil mixtures, temperature and humidity control, light, and moisture are crucial for growing individuals from. Variations in grafting stock are present, in particular, Pereskiopsis, Hylocereus, Trichocereus and Myrtillocactus. Among literature review, it was found that L. williamsii growth and seeding is dependent extremely dependent on pollinators, temperature, and precipitation in the wild. In terms of yielding L. williamsii specimens with the fastest growth rate and highest likelihood of survival in the wild, the graft stock to be used is Trichocereus and Pereskiopsis.
Permaculture follows design principles that combine critical thinking and permanent agriculture. This project explores how permaculture design can be implemented in a suburban middle class home to follow county regulations, produce food, and enhance shared family maintenance time.
The overuse of plastic containers in greenhouse and nursery production surpasses the amount being recycled. A solution to this issue involves a shift in the materials used for making containers. Specifically, containers employed for plant growth are largely single-use due to the higher costs associated with reusing them in production. Due to chemicals used during the growing process recycling containers is challenging. Transitioning to eco-friendly alternatives holds the promise of positively impacting the environment and curbing plastic waste generated in growing containerized plants. This research delves into the types of plastics currently utilized, their purposes, and the recycling processes involved. This is compared to new eco-friendly container options, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages. The significance of this study lies in the exploration of potential materials for manufacturing containers in greenhouse and nursery production. The result of This research finds alternatives to plastic, fostering sustainability and reducing reliance on plastic for containers, thereby contributing to a more sustainable industry.
Examining the presence of combined sewer outfalls in Cincinnati and proposes specific solutions which can be applied to a variety of neighborhoods around the city. The proposed solutions utilize green infrastructure and horticultural techniques such as green roofs, rain gardens, and permeable pavers.
This research project investigates and improves the processes of native seed collection and native plant cultivation specific to the Ohio region. The overarching goal is advancing urban biodiversity initiatives, focused on flora indigenous to the Cincinnati area. The project delves into current research gaps and challenges associated with native seed collection and cultivation methodologies. Additionally, this research explores the potential ecological benefits and challenges associated with integrating native plant species into urban landscapes. This project researches 13 plant species in this context. The target outcomes of this research include a refined understanding of native plant adaptation to urban settings, improved conservation strategies, and actionable guidelines for urban planners and horticulturalists. This research contributes knowledge to the ongoing efforts of promoting biodiversity within urban landscapes, fostering a more sustainable coexistence between human developments and Ohio's native flora. The final result of this project is a field guide with sections on plant identification, seed harvesting, seed storage, cultivation needs, and common ecoregions for each plant.
Forest settings can provide emotional and physical stimulation that can effectively calm the nervous system and regulate responses to the effects of trauma. By exposing a population to a nearby temperate forest, measures can be made regarding the overall reaction to being in the presence of a forest specific environment. It is expected that the response to the experiences of forest engagement and exposure will present positive and increase the overall well-being of participants.
The current infrastructure of horticulture in North America lacks BIPOC representation. The purpose of the review and the research is to address the effects of white dominance in horticulture and observe the benefits of a system that upholds and welcomes the culture and values of individuals in the BIPOC communities. By analyzing the current impacts of DEI and its effectiveness for BIPOC horticulturist, it can be theorized on how to create a more equitable field.
Senior Capstone that goes through the planning process of revitalizing and repurposing old, vacant commercial strip malls and turn them into a new source of urban living.
Due to car-centric urban planning, Cincinnati lacks sufficient social spaces; as society shifts towards tech-centric lifestyles, social opportunities diminish, highlighting the need for people-centric gathering places. We envision third spaces designed by and for the people, fostering diverse connections and community, promoting in-person interaction, and sparking imagination.
Senior Capstone Project.
Finalized as a pilot tool in the summer of 2023 as doctoral dissertation research, the Integrative Review Methodology Appraisal Tool (IRMAT, “ear-mat”) is designed to appraise whether recommended methodological elements are present in published integrative reviews in the nursing literature. The IRMAT demonstrates evidence of construct validity, internal consistency reliability, and inter-rater reliability. The IRMAT has implications for educating doctoral nursing students and nurses in clinical practice on appraising integrative reviews in the nursing literature. The IRMAT may also be used by editors and peer reviewers to appraise submitted nursing integrative reviews prior to publication. The IRMAT User Guide includes all 18 items, with general instructions and descriptions of each item alongside a rubric to assist with scoring each item, and is available in PDF and Word formats.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Tongue manometry (i.e. tongue pressure measurement) is a commonly used assessment for patients with suspected oral-motor involvement in swallowing disorders. Availability of lingual manometry has changed in recent years, with the introduction of the TongueometerTM device being a more affordable tongue manometry system. The purpose of this study was to test concurrent (criterion) validity of the TongueometerTM compared to the current standard reference device, the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument, IOPI®.
Method: Adults without dysphagia were recruited for participation in this study. Standard lingual measurements (swallowing-related pressures, maximum isometric pressure (MIP), and maximum isometric endurance) were recorded, with the bulb anteriorly placed, with both devices, in a randomized order. The Bland-Altman method was used to determine concurrent (criterion) validity of these measurements compared to the clinical standard IOPI® device. A recently available suggested corrective value by Curtis and colleagues (2023) was also applied, with comparisons made between devices both with and without the Curtis correction.
Results: The final sample included 70 adult participants aged 20-89 years (average age 52.3 years). Measures with the TongueometerTM device were significantly lower when compared with the same measures taken using the IOPI® (p<0.01) for all measures including MIP, endurance, and swallow pressures. The correction suggested by Curtis and colleagues did not ameliorate these differences.
Conclusions: The TongueometerTM lingual measurements were consistently lower compared to the IOPI®. Clinical use of values taken with the TongueometerTM device should be compared to normative data published for each specific device. Available features of each device (e.g. display, bulb texture, technology/application) should be considered when selecting which device to use with an individual patient.
This microsatellite dataset was constructed using eight microsatellite loci with 270 individual samples, representing wild population of Euonymus fortunei in Ohio, Kentucky, Kansas, and Minnesota. Also represented are multiple individuals from several Euonymus cultivars and also wild E. alatus (burning bush) from Ohio. This database is published as Elam RJ and Culley TM (2023) Genetic Analysis of Invasive Spread of Euonymus fortunei (Wintercreeper), a Popular Ornamental Groundcover. Invasive Plant Science and Management.
The NATO and the EU Peacebuilding Missions Dataset is created to use fuzzy seta Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) analysis as a method of researching how NATO and the EU missions’ outcomes are influences by organizational assets and decision-making in both organizations. Outcome pertaining to these two sets of missions are intended to measure various aspects of organizational efficacy. There are two groups of variables – condition variables and outcome variables. In the next few sections, we will explain how these two groups of variables were generated, what existing sources and datasets were used and how mission indicators were generated. See attached research note for more detailed information.
Condition Sets: Description
By and large, conditions sets that have been generated measure organizational assets for these NATO and EU missions, as well as patterns in their decision-making process. Two critical organizational assets used for both sets of missions are their annual operational budget and their annual deployed personnel. The dataset contains two control variables measuring operational legitimacy – number of contributing nations and number of UN resolutions passed in relevance to the situation in the area of deployment for the duration of the EU and NATO Mission.
Operational Duration – duration of the operation (in months). For ongoing missions and operations, we have used December 31, 2019 as the end date. All data reflect occurrences no later than December 31, 2019.
Type of Operation – based on their mandate, operations are classified as civilian (coded as 0), military (coded as 1) and hybrid (i.e. with military and civilian components, coded as 0.5).
Annual Operational Budget – total annual mission budget in USD. Sources include SIPRI yearbook and peace operations database. In cases of missing data from the SIPRI yearbook, mission factsheets and original data from the mission have been used. This latter technique applies for the following missions: AMUK, AVSEC, BAM1, BAM2, CAP1, CAP2, MAM1, NAVF1, NAVF2, TMC1, EUAMI. If data is reported in EUR, average exchange rate for the duration of the mission has been used to convert the cost. Data has been adjusted to reflect operational budget over a 12-month period.
Average Annual Mission Personnel – it reflects the average total number of personnel/ staff supporting the NATO or EU peacebuilding mission per annum. Sources have been collected from SIPRI yearbook based on reportings for actual deployments on the ground. In cases when no data has been reported I the SIPRI yearbook/ peace operations dataset, mission factsheets and original data from the mission have been used. The data has been averaged and adjusted for a 12-month period.
Days to Launch – describes the number of days needed from the time a decision has been made by the IO top decision-making body (the European Council and NAC) to launch the mission to the time that the mission is officially declared “operational.” If no declaration that the mission is “fully operational” exists, landmark indicators that the mission is fully operational include: ceremony on the ground marking the beginning of the mission, the appointment of mission commander or first recoded operational presence involving activity on the ground. Sources include official EU and NATO documents announcing the decision to create the peacebuilding operation as well as official documents, press releases and reports in reliable media outlets (including New Agencies) documenting an event that would indicate the mission is “fully operational.”
Number of Contributing Nations –highest reported number of contributing nations for the duration of the NATO and the EU peacebuilding operation.
UN Security Council Resolutions – total number of UN Security Council (UNSG) resolutions relevant for the area of conflict adopted for the duration of the NATO and the EU mission. In cases when UNSC resolutions are relevant for multiple NATO and EU peacebuilding missions those have been reported to all relevant missions.
Outcome Sets: Description
Outcome sets include various indicators created to measure operational efficacy. They include annual events contributing toward peace, conflict and the mission’s functioning, annual fatalities and annual deaths among mission personnel, as well as annual difference in fatalities. A more detailed description of these indicators is included below:
Annual Peace Events – this is an annual indicator based on chronologically recorded events by the SIPRI yearbook that have contributed for the peace process in the conflict area where NATO and EU mission have been deployed. Examples of peace events include steps taken to contribute to the peace process (e.g. creation of buffer zone, cession of hostilities, meeting intended to cease fire or set up the peace process, political events related to or contributing toward the peace process and successful conclusion of a peace agreement. It may also include a decision of an international body (e.g. UN Security Council, UN General Assembly or UN Secretary General, as well as a decision made by the NATO and the EU D-M bodies that contributes toward the peace process in the areas where the mission operates. For ongoing missions is December 31, 2019 the last date when annual peace events are recoded.
Annual Conflict Events -- this is an annual indicator based on chronologically recorded events by the SIPRI yearbook that have increased the conflict and the conflict potential in the area where NATO and EU mission have been deployed. Instances include resumption of hostilities among warring parties, occurrence of attacks, clashes, eruption of violence, the killing of civilians, military and peacemaking personnel and other violence-related events that contribute toward instability in the mission’s area. For ongoing missions is December 31, 2019 the last date when annual conflict events are recoded.
Annual Mission-related Events -- this is an annual indicator based on chronologically recorded events by the SIPRI yearbook that measures events related to functioning of the mission – the decision to launch, the actual launch, implementation, transfer of authority and/ or mandate, transformation and termination of the mission. It also includes events that reflect decisions made by the contributing nations or sponsoring IOs intended to impact mission’s performances (e.g. decisions related to funding, control and command, transformation of mission mandate and rules and other similar events). For ongoing missions is December 31, 2019 the last date when annual mission-related events are recoded.
Average Annual Fatalities – this indicator reports how many average annual civilian deaths have been recorded for the duration of the mission. The data is drawn from the Armed Conflict Dataset (ACD) managed by the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies ( https://acd.iiss.org/member/datatools.aspx).
Average Annual Mission Casualties – average annual number of deaths among peacebuilding personnel as reported in SIPRI yearbook/ peace operations database for the duration of the mission. Authors have used discretion to determine the accuracy in cases when there is discrepancy of reported data.
Fatalities Annual Difference – an indicator of differenced annual data of civilian casualties on the ground for the duration of the mission. The indicator is calculated as follows: Differenced Fatalities = Ʃ (CasualtiesY1-Y2 … Casualties Yn-Y(n-1))/ Duration of the mission (in years). It is intended to capture improvement of situation on the ground as a result of presence of the peacebuilding effort.
Condition Sets: Calibration and Rationale
Annual Operational Budget – mission budget reflects resources USD 5 million or less indicate fully out while USD 100 million or more would indicate fully in. A budget of USD 30 should be the watershed borderline of “nether in, not out.” [5-100 million]
Average Annual Mission Personnel – this indicator draws distinction between larger well-resourced missions and smaller missions with limited assets. By and large, missions with 20 personnel or less are fully out, while those with 20,000 or more are fully in. The borderline (net hither in, not out) is 130 people.
Days to Launch – the speed with which the decision is taken indicates how decision-making operated in the case of this mission. D-M that took 5 days or less should be fully out (in, change direction) while D-M 150 days or more should be fully in (out, change direction). 30 days (1 month) should be the neither in, nor out border.
Number of Contributing Nations –control indicator that demotes how high number of contributing nations contribute toward greater legitimacy (30 or more countries marks fully in), while 5 or fewer nations marks fully out. The “nether fully in, nor fully out” is at 15 nations.
UN Security Council Resolutions – total number of UNSC resolutions can vary, fully out is at 0 resolutions while fully in at 50 or more. Since moist of the missions are shorter, Nether fully in, not fully out would be at 8 UNSC resolutions. [Inductive]
Operational Duration – 1 year (12 months) denotes fully out (i.e. short-term mission) while 10 year 120 months denotes fully in; nether in not out would be for missions lasting 5 years (60 months). In other words, a decade is too long, a year is to short, five years is in the middle.
Outcome Variables: Calibration and Rationale
Annual Peace Events – this variable measures the occurrence of peace-related events – 0 events per annum is fully out; 3 events per annum is fully in. 0.8 event is nether in not out.
Annual Conflict Events -- this variable measures the occurrence of conflict-related events – 0 events per annum is fully out; 4 events per annum is fully in. 1 event is nether in not out.
Annual Mission-related Events -- this variable measures the occurrence of peace-related events – 0 events per annum is fully out; 1 events per annum is fully in. 0.3 event is nether in not out.
Average Annual Fatalities – this set measures average number of annual fatalities for the duration of the mission. Cases with 0 fatalities are fully out; cases with 10,000 fatalities are fully in. 1,000 fatalities represent “nether in, not out” value.
Fatalities Annual Difference – this is an indicator that measures the average year-to-year difference in number of fatalities for the duration of the conflict. -50 casualties is fully out (i.e. average growth of casualties by 50 per annum) as this indicator reflects low mission efficacy. 500 is fully in. This number indicates high efficacy; it denotes an average annual decline of casualties by 500 people. If the average number of casualties remains unchanged, then 0 denotes nether in, nor out.
Average Annual Mission Casualties – this indicator measures average number of annual casualties for the duration of the mission. 0 casualties is fully out; 500 casualties is fully in. 0.5 is nether in, nor out.
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1996-97), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
Ecologue newsletters (1990-2008). Originally subtitled "A Newsletter for Environmental Advocacy," this mail-out newsletter provided vital news and information to interested readers concerning the emerging field of environmental communication, the Conference on Communication and Environment, and the formation of a new commission (then Division) within the National Communication Association. Editors included Robert Cox (1990), Carol Corbin (1991-92), Michael Netzley (1993-95), Star Muir (1997), Terence Check (1999-2000), and Tracy Milburn (2007-08).
