Data on orientation angle for fall migratory monarch butterflies exposed to experimental magnetic conditions north of, at, and south of their overwintering sites in Mexico. Additional orientation data for butterflies consistently exposed to either fall-like or colder temperatures.
This data set contains ultrasound image, tissue ablation. and temperature data measured in the study reported in the article:
Real-time control of radiofrequency ablation using three-dimensional ultrasound echo decorrelation imaging in normal and diseased ex vivo human liver
Elmira Ghahramani, Peter D Grimm, Benjamin E Weiss, Nicholas S Schoenleb, Alexander J Knapp, Jiang Wang, Syed A Ahmad, Shimul A Shah, Ralph C Quillin III, Sameer H Patel
Physics in Medicine and Biology, 2025
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6560/adaacb
To best understand and use this data set, please refer to this article.
Files in the data set include:
Annotated Excel spreadsheet containing summary data for all 109 trials in this study (12 preliminary trials, followed by 97 primary trials; see spreadsheet for variable listing):
ExVivoHumanLiver_RFA_Decorrelation_SummaryData.xlsx
CSV spreadsheet containing the same summary data without annotations:
ExVivoHumanLiver_RFA_Decorrelation_SummaryData.csv
MATLAB data file (version 7) containing the same summary data, within the structure variable 'summary':
ExVivoHumanLiver_RFA_Decorrelation_SummaryData.mat
Example MATLAB script demonstrating reading and some analysis of results from all trials, with PDF of code and its output:
ExVivoHumanLiver_RFA_Decorrelation_ExampleScript.m
ExVivoHumanLiver_RFA_Decorrelation_ExampleScript.pdf
MATLAB data files (version 7) containing results from each trial:
ExVivoHumanLiver_RFA_Decorrelation_RawData_Trial1.mat through ExVivoHumanLiver_RFA_Decorrelation_RawData_Trial109.mat.
Each of these files contains the structure variable "rawdata", containing the following fields for each trial:
segmented_ablation_zone:
60x60x60 logical array (step size 1 mm) of segmented liver tissue map (1=ablated, 0=unablated). Dimensions are (z,y,x) as defined in Ghahramani et al. (2025), with z being range from the transducer surface (horizontal in room coordinates), y the azimuthal array direction (horizontal in room coordinates), and x the elevational array direction (vertical in room coordinates). The RFA probe was placed with its tip approximately at the center of this volume, with its needle parallel to the x axis.
IQ_echo_data:
60x60x60x2xN complex array containing beamformed, demodulated IQ (in-phase/quadrature) echo data interpolated onto the same grid. The array of echo volumes comprises N pairs (one pair acquired every 22 s), with the two volumes from each pair separated by the inter-frame time of 50 ms.
instantaneous_decorrelation:
60x60x60xN real array containing echo decorrelation per ms (linear scale) computed for each frame pair, using the equation and methods from section 2.3 in Ghahramani et al. (2025).
thermocouple_locations:
4x3 real array (same for each trial), with each row comprising the (z,y,x) coordinates (voxel indices within the 60x60x60 grid) of a corresponding thermocouple integrated into the RFA probe.
thermocouple_temperatures:
4xM real array, with each row comprising the measured temperatures (degrees C) measured during ablation, synchronous with the last M ultrasound IQ and decorrelation frames of each trial (not available for trials 30, 78, 91, and 102-109).
decorrelation_at_thermocouples:
4xM real array, with each row comprising the measured decorrelation per ms (linear scale) at each thermocouple location, synchronous with the last M ultrasound IQ and decorrelation frames of each trial.