D 18TR.ICT SCHOOL

GRAMMAR.

TIU:

ELEMENTAli Y PR1NCJP1, m~
or

l.G NG LIS II G Il A~1: .Af AR~
1\ f' CO :H l'A N 1Et> HY

W ITH AN

APPJ~NJHX.

DY PAHSONS E . .DAY.
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-' l"TH Oit llF 'THE '· ·THST!Uf:T SCHOO L ::. l'~'. AKKJ!. ' :

ll.flC l!BSTDR, N. Y.

PUBLISHED BY SAGE ~ BROTHER.
lT.fL\CA, N. Y.
D. U.•~ A. & S. Sl'l'NClCH.

A Gl?A JlIIUATICAL CJIA

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PREFACh.

WJt islanding se\·ernl
l~~;;;a;;~-;d;;;g-~~- A.-;;;-;;r-Cong~~;,-·i~

>ubj ect during the hist century, yet be ing design ed more

tho Y

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PARSONS E. DAY,
Jn the Clerk's Office for the Northern District of New-Yr•rk , '
[Re vised nnd r e-entered in 1346, with a Grammatical Chart. ]
....... - , ...................................... , ............."""'

__

rece.11 orig . . 1 ol .
were published on thi s

<'~ p cc ially for the rcdvRn ccd studen t, they were for a long

lime c hi efly confined to the highe r institutions of learn rn g , A nd indeed it was thrm too generally conceded
l li at only in such institutions should the advantagt' s
a ri sing from thi s study lie c11joyed. The spirit of imp rovement, howeYc r, so s ignally characteristic of th C'
prrsent age, has produ ced a radical change of opinio u
11po11 this subject, wlti ch li:ts finally r esulted in th e. in.
lroducti on of thi s important branch of elementary scien c"
inf o mos t of om common schools. It is, however, much
to be reg rrtl cd that the adnptation of the various tex!l >O\)ks to tJrn wa nts and capaciti es of youth, has nut kep t
pnce with_t,:,h;.;e~~~~~~..;.:,:,;;.;.;:;;;;.;.;..:.:.::.:.:::..

J , & 8. H . P AUKER, l'RINTERS 1 GENEVA, N. y ,

So far as a s imilarity exists between th e Engli~h a11d
lea rn ed languages, it is proper to noti ce such rese m.
IJlance; yet we deem it inexpedient to subje ct t!i e
.E nglish scholar to the task of committing to me mory
the pe rplexing tec hni calities of other languages, until he
~ h ail ha Ye become acquainted with the eJezne ntary j'rin<:ipl es of our own.

The author has end eavored to fo ll ow th e gu idan ce ol
nature in the presentation oft.hi s s uhj cct to the 111i11d of
th e pupil. The plan laid clown is th e rc•su lt of long
practice and continued in1cesti gation; a lm o13t his entirr
atte nti on h:w ing been de.-otcd lo the teac hing of thi s
~ulijec t., for several years past.
The first part of the work he re prese nted to th e puiJ.
lie, co nta ins.
1fpn11 th e rw.··cssity of some exercise of thi s 11aturc, th e auth or will
11nt e nl arge. It is suffic ie nt to say that it h:ls been
adoptrrl, and indeed is 1rn w co ns idered i11des pc!1!"ahly
rcqt1 i.eite by th e most distin guished educationi sts of our
•:ou11t ry. Many plans for lenching Orn! Gnw unar hav e
•:nme under th e obscrvntion of I.Ir e author, of whi c h tht'
n11tlinr. laid down in this treatis•', has liee11 t!t c 1nn •t s•1c1:1·,sful. The lesso ns arc g iven not: so mu ch wi th th e
" :q lectation that the pupils ,.,-ill he r equired to me111 ori ze
the prec ise questions and answers th e re introduced: !iut
rnlher as a plan, which, being modi!i ed accordin g to the
di sc retion of the teacher, may, ns the author beiie Yc s.
hr. made highly interesting nnd lie nelicirtl.
The second part of' th e work treats of th e nature,
cli1·isicms, and modifications of tlt c~'l•llJ!~--~!!Ye

V·:

P REFAC E •

.PREFA('F:.

The pupil having been previously acquninted with a. gen--

era! practica.l view of the Engli sh language, is now led to
investigate the theory of its con strnction. It is nnneces~ary in a work of this s ize to e nter upon a di scnssion ol'
the points of differen ce now existing between the nri ..
ous comp ilers on this subj ect. A diversity of opi nion
must. and will exist on Yery many questions pe rtaini ng
to English Grammar. Leaving such points of co11tro-" ersy to he decided by t.h e teache r, the author has cr11-.
tented himself by submitting the subject-matte r, unemcumb ered with discuss ions of this nature.
· The third pn.rt

of'

thcl•••.,.

thi s work embraces
sul~j ect much ern lmn ·it ~ ~me n l
and perplexity ltaYe h een ex perienced 11y lJoth tc;tchrr

On this

:u ul ~cholar. If th ere is any t.hing t.hrrt ttrntl:;: to di scoura ge the yonng lerrrner in th e study nf' E nglish
w
The author h e! ievcs t li:lf: t weh•'
en
rnl es of Syntrrx, rightly u11clerstood, a re ~ 11ffic i r nt to rnlrn
or ex plain a ny grammatical sentence in om la11 g1mge.

A system

of' Critic ism for th e co rrect ion of l"ah r. < ~ram

mar, i"s annex ed to th e rules.

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~:<':41

iw••·····c~·he notes, in gcncrn l. cn11 ta.in
t.he principle by whi ch the co rrect ion shou ld lie ma d<>,
although it is w e ll to require the pupil to _ pr o n~ il c.

:idaptation by refer ences to previous rules Pr not,,s.

PllF:F .lf'E.

Th e a ulhor haR rxr:l nrl <'d Rll.)' Plliargrd trralis <' ,Dll \he
:'11hjecl" ol'Orl hograp l1 .v and Hhctor ie, each of whil'li i.·
no i i 1.au,!! hl ;is a. scicncr sl' parntc fro1u E11g lish 1; raJ11u;:~

r.

Ha\'ing aimed t.o present the subject of wh irh Ji,.
'r:ats in an easy mann.:r aud <'1rnei1-e fo n11 , awl l1clit'1·i 11 "
' hts 1i·urk lo li.1' in .su 11ie m c:1s11re. adaJ>li•d 111 thp \\';in ' ~·
"i lllf• District ;;chooJ.,, ii.' cla im<
an' H ' Sj ll 'f 'lltJ !h ·'" I,.
rnittelf tt, lhl' public li.1
THE Al ''l'l!OI{

TABLE OF CONTENTS.
P1\HT l.
t·: \!:n1·1-.:Es IN (JH .'\L (;,~ .\:"T:'l:\l{ ••• • . • . . • • • . • • • • •.

f ,{'[11'1'.'

.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

I>:
1:1

.~lll lllS.,,,, •• ••• • , ••• •• •••••••.•••• , l 1
l~rnlH)l ll L'-' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 11

..\dwct i ,,., ... . ............ . ... .... .. . 1-:·
Y"rl1.s .•....• . . • .....•• .•...•....... :,!I )
Arh r·.rli s •••••••. . .•.•••...•.••....•. 2: l
P r1•l'n ~ il inns . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :~: l
Co 11j111wl il) tJ.s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '.!: \

J·:_\clamalio110< •••.••••••••.•• ..••••••• '2 1

PAHT II.
ErnnTl'Ain·s OF SPEE1 : H • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •••• '! .-,
N O J '"(~ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • '! I)
Modi ncatious . •.. ...... ... .•......... :i1 '
Pe rson ., ... . ..• ,, .................. ,:\1)
Number ..•.......•..... ............ :11
t~cndcr .•....•.............•.•..... · :\:!
Case •......... •.•. .. , •• . .•. ...•..• . :i:~
Declension of Nouns., ................. :3:,
Order of Parsing a N Ollll • • • • • • • • •••••••
Pnor;ouNs ..•..••...•••................•...... l 1
Modifications ..•.•.•...•.•••••.....•• :r;
Personal Pronouns •..•.•. , , • , .••• .•• •. :l .'I
Relative Pronouns ....•••••• , •••....•. 39
Interrogative Pronouns ..• • •.•• . •.• •..••. 3fl
Order of Parsing a Pronoun .•• . •••.•••. 4 l

·1 · 111·:

;i::

xi .i
l,r: ss oN~

T ABl~ E

O F (' ONT F. NTR.

PAR~mn CoNTINTTF.D • •• • ..• •.• • . .• 14l
Johnson ..•..•• ••••• ..• •• •• ••••. . .• !4 l
1\t:ilton • • • .•.•..•. •.•••. .••.• • • . •• . • 14 2
P ope . . • ..•• . ..•. •. . .••. . ..•....... 14 :!
Pollok .•. . . .. ...... ••... . . ...... .. . 14 :~
.Rogers .••••.•.•. •.. . . .• ••.•• • • . ..• 14 ':>,
Shakespeare . ... .. . .... ..... . ..•... . 14:i
Thompson .. .. .• .. ...•.. • .. ... .•.... 144
You ng . . •... • , . • ....... ••....•.• , .. 1.4 ·1

FOR

BLEMENTAHY .l'JHN CIPLE :::'
OF

<~RA.J\11U_ A.f{.

ENG-LISH

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A word .
Is ta a won1 oy sylfolilc'

A syllable.

'Nh~n two or r.nore f.y Jl::tl ks :.we counectcU. tegcti:<'r, '"'·hat <-'·'
they usually form I
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A word.

